Consider the instructions for tablets "Clotrimazole". This antifungal agent with a wide spectrum of effects is used for topical application. The effect of Clotrimazole against fungi is due to the fact that the active components in its composition disrupt the synthesis of ergosterol, which is present in the cell membranes of fungi. As a result, membrane permeability changes, cell lysis begins.
Pharmacological forms
"Clotrimazole" has several pharmacological forms, among them:
- Tablets for vaginal administration in a dosage of 0.1, 0.2, 0.5 g. Each package can contain 1, 3 and 6 tablets. The package also contains a special applicator for their introduction. Instructions for vaginal tablets "Clotrimazole" are in each pack.
- Suppositories for vaginal administration in a dosage of 0.1 g. Each package contains 6 suppositories.
- 1% solution. The solution is packaged in 15 ml vials.
- 1% ointment. Packed in tubes. Tubes may contain 15, 20, 30, 40 g of ointment.
- 1% cream. Packed in tubes. Tubes may contain 15, 20, 30, 50 g of cream.
- 1% gel. Each package can contain 20 g of gel or 40 g.
"Clotrimazole" is produced by the manufacturer in the form of powder, granules intended for local use, and spray.
Clotrimazole in any pharmacological form can be used externally or intravaginally. There are no oral tablets.
Instructions for tablets “Clotrimazole” for thrush will be presented below.
Structure
The drug as an active ingredient contains clotrimazole. Additional components are: sodium laurisulfate, colloidal silicon dioxide, sodium bicarbonate, adipic acid, potato starch, lactose monohydrate.
According to its pharmacological action, "Clotrimazole" belongs to the group of antimycotics.
Pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics
According to the instructions for tablets "Clotrimazole", the active substance is a derivative of imidazole. The medication is highly active against the most pathogenic fungi, which can cause serious complications of an infectious nature, such as dimorphic fungi, yeast-like fungi, dermatophytes.
The mechanism of action of clotrimazole is based on its ability to block the synthesis of nucleic acids, proteins and ergosterol, which is necessary in the construction of fungal cell membranes. As a result, damage to the cell walls of fungi and subsequent cell death occurs.
Low concentrations of clotrimazole act fungistatically. When a dose of 20 ÎĽg / ml is exceeded, a fungicidal effect is observed, which appears on proliferating cells and not only.
If high doses are used, then the concentration of hydrogen peroxide in the cell of the fungus increases to a critical value. As a result, the fungal cell is destroyed.
Topical absorption passes through the epidermis. The highest concentration of a substance can be observed in the reticuloderm. Clotrimazole has the ability to penetrate nail keratin.
Only a small amount of clotrimazole enters the systemic circulation. Metabolism occurs in the tissues of the liver, resulting in the formation of inactive substances that are excreted from the body with urine and feces.
About 10% of clotrimazole is absorbed by intravaginal administration. Absorbed clotrimazole is also metabolized in the tissues of the liver. Excretion of metabolites occurs with bile.
Indications for the use of vaginal tablets
As the instruction indicates, Clotrimazole tablets are used to treat blastomycotic infections that affect the vulva and vagina. The drug is indicated for use in the treatment of vaginitis caused by Candida fungi, as well as diseases that arise under the action of nystatin-resistant strains.
According to the instructions, Clotrimazole tablets during pregnancy can be used.
The drug is used to treat pathologies, the causative agents of which are bacteria sensitive to clotrimazole, which provoke superinfection of the reproductive system. The medication is used to sanitize the genital tract before delivery.
Contraindications
The use of tablets intended for vaginal administration is contraindicated if a woman has at least one of the following symptoms:
- Pain localized in the back or shoulder.
- Diarrhea.
- Vaginal discharge that has an unpleasant odor.
- Nausea, vomiting.
- Increased to 38 degrees Celsius body temperature.
- Chills.
- Unpleasant symptoms associated with the use of Clotrimazole (swelling, burning, redness, irritation).
- Ulcers, open wounds or blisters located in the vagina or on the vulva.
- Pain in the lower abdomen.
- Dysuria.
- Uterine hemorrhages, pathological bleeding, spotting from the vagina.
- Acyclic menstruation.
- Hypersensitivity to any component in the composition of the tablets.
- Menstruation period.
- Age to 12 years.
According to the instructions for use, tablets "Clotrimazole" during pregnancy should be prescribed with extreme caution. They are also used with caution in cases where more than 2 episodes of candidiasis have been recorded over the past six months, a history of STDs has been noted, sensitivity to imidazole derivatives has been established, or the patient's age is more than 60 years.
Side effects of tablets
The instruction for tablets “Clotrimazole” indicates that against the background of their use, undesirable side effects may develop, including: allergic reactions in the form of shortness of breath, arterial hypotension, fainting, and urticaria. Abdominal pain, a rash on the genitals, soreness during intercourse, burning sensation in the penis of the sexual partner, pain in the pelvis, itching and irritation of the genitals, vaginal discharge, swelling of the vaginal mucosa, vaginal congestion, vaginal discomfort may also appear. area of ​​the vulva.
The occurrence of headache, frequent urination and intercurrent cystitis is not ruled out.
If any side effect occurs, stop using vaginal tablets.
Dosage, method of using vaginal tablets
In the treatment of thrush and infections of the genital organs provoked by fungi, 1 vaginal tablet should be used twice a day for the first three days, or 1 vaginal tablet once a day for six to seven days.
In accordance with the instructions for the vaginal tablets “Clotrimazole”, before entering them into the vagina, it is necessary to release them from the packaging and moisten with chilled boiled water.
A pill is administered while lying on your back, with your legs bent at the knees. In order for clotrimazole to work, the drug must completely dissolve. This requires a moist environment, so you need to enter the medicine as deeply as possible. Otherwise, it is possible that insoluble particles of the tablet may come out.
The optimal time for the administration of Clotrimazole is the time before bedtime.
Recommendations
It is important to stop therapy before the onset of menstruation, since menstrual blood will wash away the active substances, and the therapeutic effect will not occur. Throughout the course of treatment, the use of tampons, spermicides, intravaginal douching and other vaginal products is not recommended.
In order to sanitize the genital tract before childbirth, “Clotrimazole” should be administered once in a dosage of 200 mg.
The use of a medication in the 1st trimester of pregnancy is not allowed. Adverse effects on the fetus in later pregnancy are absent. However, it is important to remember that the introduction of the pill is carried out using a special applicator, and this, in turn, carries certain risks. This is confirmed by the instructions for use with Clotrimazole tablets. For men with thrush, ointment and cream are used.
Overdose
With local and intravaginal administration, there is no risk of acute intoxication. This is due to the fact that only a small part of clotrimazole penetrates into the systemic circulation. If “Clotrimazole” was accidentally swallowed, then the onset of nausea, gastralgia, anorexia, liver dysfunction, and vomiting are not ruled out. In rare cases, overdose symptoms such as skin allergies, drowsiness, hallucinations, pollakiuria may be noted.
If any symptom of an overdose occurs, the patient is shown an immediate intake of enterosorbents and symptomatic therapy. Gastric lavage is advisable only if more than an hour has not passed since the life-threatening dosage has been taken or if obvious signs of an overdose are noted: vomiting, dizziness, nausea.
In parallel therapy using clotrimazole and polyene antibiotics, such as nystatin, natamycin, amphotericin B, mutual suppression of drug activity occurs.
Special instructions for the use of tablets
In order to prevent reinfection, therapy should be prescribed to both partners at the same time. The optimal pharmacological form of "Clotrimazole" for men in this case is a cream.
In systemic treatment of trichomoniasis, the medication should be used in combination with chemotherapeutic agents, for example, with metronidazole, which is taken orally.
The instructions for use for vaginal tablets "Clotrimazole" information about analogues is not presented.
Analogs
The main analogues of the described drug in the form of vaginal tablets are the following drugs: Imidil, Canizon, Clotrimazole-Akrikhin, Candide-B6.
According to the instructions for tablets “Clotrimazole-Akrikhin”, they contain the same active substance - clotrimazole. Indications, contraindications for the drug completely coincide with other analogues. The difference is only in the manufacturer.
Cost
The average cost of vaginal tablets "Clotrimazole" in Russia ranges from 40-100 rubles and is directly dependent on the number of tablets in the package and the pricing policy of the manufacturer.
Reviews for pills for vaginal administration
If you rely on reviews, then “Clotrimazole” has established itself as an effective, inexpensive and time-tested tool. Many women note that they exclusively use Clotrimazole for the treatment of thrush, since the price is much lower than similar products, and the effectiveness is not inferior to expensive drugs. Moreover, with the use of Clotrimazole, side effects are extremely rare.
Separately, the possibility of using the medication by pregnant women is noted. Moreover, pharmacological forms that can be used to treat a sexual partner can prevent relapse.
Given the fact that clotrimazole penetrates into the systemic circulation in extremely small doses, the possibility of an overdose is practically eliminated.
Nevertheless, despite the huge number of positive recommendations, the appointment of the drug should be carried out by a doctor.
So, we reviewed the instructions and reviews for Clotrimazole tablets.