A gastrointestinal disease, in which single or multiple ulcers appear on the gastric mucosa during inflammation, is called erosive gastritis. Treatment should be aimed at eliminating the causes, normalizing the acidity of the gastric juice and restoring the mucous membrane. During the acute phase of the disease, you need to follow a diet.
Acute form
Treatment of erosive gastritis in this form should be aimed at healing the surface of the gastric mucosa. Its rapid course is promoted by various stresses experienced by the patient. Erosions resemble wounds with a primary lesion of the distal section. Their diameter does not exceed 3 mm. Most often, superficial erosive gastritis occurs. It is mainly provoked by stress.
Chronic form
It is most dangerous to human health. In this case, there are multiple erosions of the gastric mucosa, which can be at different stages of healing. The foci of damage are small islands that are slightly elevated above the mucosa. At the top, small ulcers can be located, which are similar to manifestations of the same disease of the stomach.
Types of erosion
According to the morphological picture, the following forms are distinguished:
- superficial (acute, incomplete or flat) - covered with fibrous plaque or blood, less often - clean, flat in shape, small in size, with hyperemia on the periphery;
- full (chronic, elevated, inflammatory-hyperplastic), not healing up to 2-3 years with periodic relapses, polypous in shape, measuring up to 15 mm in diameter, raised above the surface of the mucosa.
Erosive gastritis according to ICD-10
This abbreviation stands for International Classification of Diseases. Any ailment has its own cipher, consisting of a Latin letter and numbers that fit into a card or medical history. This information is periodically reviewed every 10 years. The next stage of the review is scheduled for 2018.
Erosive gastritis according to ICD-10 refers to section K.29. It is he who, along with the surface form, has code 29.3.
Grounds for occurrence
Erosive gastritis does not occur from scratch. As a rule, he is preceded by other gastrointestinal diseases, in which the patient did not consult a doctor. He is trying to self-medicate, which does not lead to anything good. The neglected form of this disease can end in failure.
The causes of erosive gastritis are as follows:
- bad habits;
- taking certain drugs for a long period of time: paracetamol, NSAIDs - continued treatment with these agents can trigger the transition of erosive gastritis into a malignant neoplasm;
- spicy food ;
- violation of diet;
- Reception of too hot or cold dishes;
- ingestion of the contents of the duodenum into the stomach with the failure of the gastroduodenal sphincter during digestion;
- toxic substances that enter the body as a result of a person’s professional activity;
- severe diabetic ketoacidosis;
- thyroid dysfunction;
- reflux;
- diabetes;
- surgical interventions, since the production of hydrochloric acid in the first ten days after surgery increases by 4 times;
- hypoxia in acute and chronic forms: coma, severe respiratory or heart failure, massive burns, injuries;
- pressure exerted on the mucosa by volumetric neoplasms that are located in the submucosal layer;
- chronic disease of the digestive tract;
- the presence in the digestive tract of the bacterium Helicobacter pylori.
Symptomatology
As mentioned above, the disease can occur in two forms, each of which has its own symptoms.
Symptoms of erosive gastritis in acute form:
- a loose stool appears, in which blood may be present, indicating internal bleeding;
- vomit contains the contents of the stomach, blood clots, mucus and gastric juice;
- after eating, nausea or heartburn occurs;
- paroxysmal or persistent abdominal pain occurs, aggravated after eating and with the development of erosion;
- dryness and bitterness may be felt in the mouth;
- decreased appetite or its complete absence may be noted.
Symptoms of erosive gastritis in a chronic form:
- gastric bleeding appears;
- belching occurs;
- stool becomes unstable - diarrhea is constantly replaced by constipation;
- nausea;
- heartburn;
- discomfort in the stomach.
Types of erosive gastritis
The following are distinguished:
- superficial - is the beginning of a chronic form, while the upper layer of the mucosa suffers, the surface epithelium decreases, acidity increases, local inflammation occurs;
- antral - named due to the location of erosion in the lower part of the stomach, called antrum, is most common, caused by pathogens;
- reflux is the most severe form of the disease with the formation of large erosions, with a neglected form with vomiting, exfoliated fragments of the mucosa can leave;
- erosive-hemorrhagic - gastritis, in which bleeding is observed, can result in death;
- ulcerative - a form of acute form, erosion gradually turn into ulcers.
Erosive gastritis can occur in a focal form, manifested by the presence of several lesions. It can be confused with cancer, so it should be well researched.
Diagnostics
For the diagnosis of erosive gastritis, the doctor should prescribe an endoscopic examination. This procedure is rather unpleasant for the patient, but today there are no analogues. The doctor introduces an endoscope into the gastrointestinal tract through the oral cavity, which is a tube with a light bulb and a camera at the end. Through its use, the condition of this tract is evaluated. Simultaneously with the examination, a scraping with the mucous membrane is performed for biopsy.
Additional diagnostic methods are as follows:
- radiography to detect tumors, ulcers and erosion when taking a solution of barium passing through the gastrointestinal tract and staining it, in which pathologies become visible;
- blood and feces analysis - using the first, anemia that accompanies gastric bleeding is detected, and in the feces, the number of red blood cells is determined, an increased number of which also indicates the latter.
Treatment of erosive gastritis
It should be aimed primarily at eliminating the cause. Most often prescribed antibiotics against Helicobacter pylori. In this case, the following erosive gastritis tablets are used:
- Amoxicillin;
- Clarithromycin;
- Levofloxacin;
- "Tetracycline."
The course should not be interrupted, since bacterial colonies die over a long period of time and if they are not completely destroyed, they can resume their reproduction at any time.
Next, it is necessary to normalize the acidity of the gastric juice. In this case, acid blockers and antacids are prescribed:
- "Nizatidine";
- "Magnesium hydroxide";
- "Almagel";
- "Maalox";
- "Rennie" and others.
All of them have a different mechanism of action, so you can not take them without the advice of a doctor.
The action of gastric juice with these drugs is muffled, so enzymes are prescribed to facilitate the digestion of food:
To eliminate pain, the doctor may prescribe antispasmodics:
At the last stage, you need to restore the gastric mucosa. To do this, take the following drugs:
With their help, the affected tissues are better supplied with oxygen, which provides a faster regeneration process.
To stop symptoms and stimulate wound healing with erosive gastritis, the following groups of drugs can be used:
- sedatives;
- antispasmodics;
- antioxidant drugs;
- Banners
- antacids.
In complex therapy, physiotherapeutic procedures can be prescribed. With observed bleeding, laser, thermo- and electrocoagulation can be prescribed. Brackets, endoscopic stitching may also be imposed. In addition, injections of sclerosants, adrenaline can be made.
With bleeding, hemostatic agents are prescribed by administering the following drugs intravenously or intramuscularly:
- "Vikasol";
- "Thioctic acid";
- "Dicinon."
With severe bleeding, electrocoagulation is prescribed, but sometimes the method does not work, then the stomach is removed surgically, as this is the only way to save a person’s life.
Folk remedies
They must be used after consulting a physician.
The most effective folk remedies in the treatment of erosive gastritis are the following:
- In equal proportions take sage, horsetail, St. John's wort, peppermint, flax seeds, yarrow, plantain leaves, which mix. One spoon is taken from the mixture, which is placed in a glass of boiling water, in which infusion is carried out for three hours. Reception is carried out ten minutes before a meal.
- Green apples are grated. Two spoons of honey are added to them. The mixture is taken 5 hours before a meal. After eating for the same time do not eat. In the first week of treatment, the mixture is taken daily, the next three times, in the third one time, after which everything is repeated in a new circle. The course of treatment is three months.
- With low acidity, you can drink pineapple juice three times a day before meals for three weeks.
- Buckwheat honey in an amount of 250 g is mixed with half a liter of olive oil. Take 1 tbsp. l 3 times a day for half an hour before eating.
- Prepare tincture of propolis, based on the ratio of 3 parts of propolis to 10 parts of vodka. 20 drops are diluted in a glass of water and taken in the morning on an empty stomach. The course is 2-3 months, should be held twice a year with interruptions.
- Milk is mixed with mummy. The course is 3 months and includes admission to 1 tbsp. l before bedtime.
- Linden honey is mixed with aloe juice in a ratio of 1: 1. It is taken before meals three times a day.
- Sea buckthorn juice is diluted with water in a ratio of 1: 1. It contributes to enveloping the mucosa and its restoration. Drink half a cup before meals.
- Aloe leaf, which has developed over three years, is placed in the freezer of the refrigerator for one hour. After this, juice is squeezed out of it, which is consumed one meal before a meal. The course of treatment is 1-2 months.
- Also, the following recipe is the most effective folk remedy for treating erosive gastritis: take a cup of wheat grains, fill it with water and place it on the windowsill. After she sprouts, the grains are washed. Sprouts are cut with a knife or passed through a meat grinder. The mixture is taken in 1 tbsp. l on an empty stomach.
Diet
The menu for erosive gastritis involves the inclusion of fresh products in the diet. The patient should receive fractional nutrition. These products include the following:
- low acid fruits and vegetables: greens, pears, pumpkin, bananas, peaches, celery, carrots, apples;
- sources of plant fiber, which contribute to the restoration of the digestive system: brown rice, millet, buckwheat;
- vegetable oil, eggs, low-fat dairy products;
- low-fat fish and meat, boiled or steamed.
In this case, you can not use the following products:
- contributing to excessive gas formation in the intestines: legumes, onions, cabbage, broccoli and others;
- indigestible, fatty and heavy foods: fried potatoes, beef and pork;
- smoked meats;
- spice;
- salty foods;
- alcohol;
- cold and hot food, since the first worsens blood circulation in the erosion zone, and the second exacerbates the inflammatory process;
- baking;
- chocolate;
- wheat bread;
- highly carbonated drinks.
The ban on these products should be strictly followed during an exacerbation of erosive gastritis.
In case of a chronic disease, you should adhere to diet No. 5. The frequency of food intake is 5-6 times a day. Food should be chewed well. You can’t eat on the run, change the intervals between meals during the day. No need to eat foods containing coarse fiber, meat with tendons. Fruit and vegetable products must be cleaned.
In the case of erosive gastritis with high acidity, you need to use hydrocarbonate mineral water, which should be non-carbonated, one glass before the meal.
As an example, the one-day menu of a patient with erosive gastritis is considered below.
Breakfast: cottage cheese casserole, cocoa.
Second breakfast: a bakery product with low-fat filling or with a small amount of butter.
Lunch: non-fat broth based on animal or poultry meat. Low-fat fish fillet and steamed vegetables.
Dinner: steamed vegetables with meat, rosehip compote.
At night: dairy products such as bifidoc, yogurt or kefir.
Finally
Treatment of erosive gastritis should be aimed at eliminating the cause, eliminating acidity and restoring the mucous membrane. The most common cause is the impact on the stomach of pathogenic microflora in the form of the bacterium Helicobacter pylori. But there are other reasons for this ailment. The disease in case of bleeding is a threat to human life. It may involve surgery to remove the stomach. Basically, the treatment is therapeutic. After consultation with the attending physician, folk remedies that help reduce the healing time can be used in complex therapy. Treatment should be accompanied by diet No. 5.