The medicine "Mannitol", the price of which is about 90 rubles, belongs to the group of diuretic drugs. An agent is available in the form of a solution for infusion. The active substance is mannitol. The tool helps to increase the osmotic pressure in plasma. The medicine provokes water retention and an increase in urine volume. The medication is not able to penetrate tissue and cell barriers, does not increase residual nitrogen. Means “Mannitol” (instructions for use contain such data) are characterized by poor absorption, and therefore it is administered intravenously. There is a slight metabolism in the liver. Urine is excreted.
Indications
The drug "Mannitol" is prescribed for cerebral edema, intracranial pressure (against the background of renal-hepatic or renal failure). A medication is used for post-transfusion complications due to the introduction of incompatible blood, diuresis (forced) against the background of poisoning with salicylates, barbiturates. The medicine “Mannitol” recommends the use of the drug for oliguria on the basis of renal-hepatic or renal failure of an acute course with preserved filtering function of organs (in complex therapy). The medication is prescribed for the prevention of hemolysis during operations using extracorporeal circulation to prevent ischemia in the kidneys and possible acute renal failure.
Contraindications
Means “Mannitol” (instructions for use indicate this) are not allowed for use in anuria accompanying acute necrosis of the renal tubules, hypersensitivity, left ventricular failure (especially with pulmonary edema). The drug is not recommended for subarachnoid hemorrhage (with the exception of bleeding during craniotomy), hemorrhagic stroke, severe dehydration, hypokalemia. Contraindications include hypochloremia, hyponatremia. Caution in prescribing is observed with elderly patients. The advisability of using the product during pregnancy or during lactation is established by a specialist.
Medication "Mannitol." Instructions for use
Intravenously, drip or jet, the drug is administered slowly. For prevention, a drug is prescribed in a dose of 0.5 g / kg of weight, for treatment - 1-1.5 g / kg. The amount of the drug should not be more than 140-180 g per day. Before the infusion, the “Mannitol” remedy recommends that the instructions for use be warmed up to a temperature of 37 degrees. During interventions using cardiopulmonary bypass, the drug is used in a dose of 20-40 g. Patients with oliguria are given a preliminary trial dosage of 200 mg / kg for three to five minutes. In the absence within 2-3 hours of an increase in the rate of urine output to the level of 30-50 ml / h, administration of the drug must be refused.
Medication "Mannitol." Instructions for use. Side effect
Based on the use of the drug, dehydration, lowering of pressure, upset in water-electrolyte metabolism, muscle weakness, dyspepsia are noted.