Nicotinic acid, colloquially - vitamin B3, refers to the vitamin group of drugs. A day, a woman needs to receive 14-20 mg, a man 16–28 mg of vitamin. Dosage increases under critical conditions: for example, during intense work or in extreme weather conditions, as well as during pregnancy. Niacin has the ability to resist bacteria, strengthens the immune system and protective functions of the body, helps to stabilize and further maintain normal cholesterol in order to prevent the formation of atherosclerotic plaques on the walls of blood vessels. Cholesterol level is considered normal if its indicator is in the range from 3 to 5 mmol / liter. Excess cholesterol causes atherosclerosis and gallstone disease, and a deficiency leads to a malfunction in the nervous and immune systems.
Niacin restores the stomach, increases the content of PP-vitamin, normalizes metabolism, dilates blood vessels. Thanks to the use of the drug, the natural protection of a person increases even from Staphylococcus aureus. The drug, in common use - nicotine, is also used for detoxification in case of serious damage to the body. This vitamin belongs to the group of water soluble.
Instructions for the use of nicotinic acid determines the use of the drug in the following cases:
- spasms of the vascular muscles;
- pellagra (avitominosis);
- Hartnup disease (impaired transport of neutral acids and tryptophan);
- circulatory disorders;
- various colitis;
- increased content of fat-like substances in the blood;
- gastritis, in case of low acidity;
- inflammation of the facial nerve;
- long non-healing wounds;
- an increase in thyroid hormone levels;
- in the treatment of stroke.
Release form
In the instructions for the use of nicotinic acid, depending on the method of packaging, 2 forms of release of the drug are reflected.
1. Tablets:
- in the amount of 10 pieces in contour packs;
- in the amount of 50 pieces in 5 contour packs (10 pieces in each pack);
- in the amount of 50 pieces in dark jars made of polymer, glass or propylene;
- in the amount of 50 pieces in dark jars of polymer, glass or propylene, packed in a cardboard box.
2. Injection:
- 5 ampoules in blister packs of 1 ml per ampoule, in a cardboard bundle 1 pack;
- 5 ampoules in blister packs of 1 ml in an ampoule, 2 packs in a cardboard box.
Application methods
Given the form of release, the drug can be taken orally in tablets and in injection form.
Vitamin B3 tablets must be taken correctly.
The simplest dose is oral nicotinic acid. The instructions for use in tablets allow the use of up to 3 times a day for 0.1 grams, depending on the prescription of the attending physician. Nicotinic acid in tablet form is prescribed:
- with pellagra - children take 5-50 mg 2 times a day; adults take 100 mg 4 times a day;
- other diseases - children take 5-50 mg 2 times a day; adults take 20-100 mg 3 times a day.
In order to reduce the risks of oncological diseases, course administration of nicotinic acid is also recommended. Instructions for use reflect the following dosages: for children 5-10 mg 2 times a day; adults 10-15 mg 2 times a day.
Due to the possible occurrence of nausea, taking tablets is done after meals. It is preferable to drink warm milk with high acidity and ordinary water in other cases. The effect of admission is achieved with course therapy for at least a month with a frequency of once every 6 months. In nicotinic acid therapy, it is recommended to use cottage cheese and curd dishes daily to protect the liver.
Judging by the reviews, nicotinic acid tablets in the instructions for use are recommended for use in complex therapy. In addition, a number of contraindications does not allow to appoint a long course admission. Most often, doctors offer other drugs to patients, which immediately contains a set of all the substances necessary for the patient’s body. Also, when providing emergency care in a hospital, the choice falls not on tablets, but on injection.
Vitamin B3 in injections is important to correctly dose.
According to the instructions for use, nicotinic acid in injections can be administered intramuscularly, intravenously or subcutaneously.
Intravenous administration is possible by stream and drip. With jet injection, 1 ml of the drug is diluted in 10 ml of a solution of 0.9% sodium chloride and administered for 5 minutes.
With the dropwise administration of 1 ml of nicotinic acid, 100-200 ml of a solution of 0.9% sodium chloride are diluted and administered at a dosage of 40 drops per minute. Intravenously, the drug is recommended to be administered in case of cerebrovascular accident after a stroke. The maximum dosage in this case is 30 ml, not more than 10 ml per administration. With appointments in case of Hartnup disease , a daily dosage of up to 200 mg is permissible. Intravenous administration can cause a whole complex of allergic reactions, therefore, it is recommended, according to the instructions for the use of nicotinic acid, to carry out this manipulation in a hospital.
For the treatment of pellagra, a course administration is prescribed with a double daily application for 10-15 days, 1 ml of 1% solution. For the treatment of other symptoms, 1 ml of course is also prescribed once a day for two weeks intramuscularly or subcutaneously. The most painful patients note intramuscular injections.
The instructions for the use of nicotinic acid injections report the possibility of administering the drug intramuscularly at three points on the human body: in the upper outer square of the buttock, in the upper outer part of the shoulder, in the abdominal wall in front; subcutaneously - in the front wall of the abdomen and in the forearm.
The use of electrophoresis has its own rules.
Special attention deserves the appointment of electrophoresis using nicotinic acid. This method is used to treat osteochondrosis. Thus, the withdrawal of lactic acid from inflamed tissues is achieved, swelling is relieved, pain is stopped. Treatment is carried out in a ten-day course with a frequency of 1 time per day with 1% solution.
Side effects when taking
In the case of the appointment of nicotinic acid, the patient is obliged to monitor the sensations, having studied the instructions for use before. Niacin requires the most careful use in cases: pregnancy and lactation, diabetes mellitus, cirrhosis, hepatitis, gastritis.
A number of side effects are also observed:
1. Paresthesia, dizziness, lowering blood pressure.
2. Skin hyperemia, headache, sensation of heat.
3. Asthenia, hyperuremia.
4. Dystrophy of liver fats.
5. Allergic reactions.
6. Soreness of the injection site.
Contraindications
Contraindications according to the instructions for the use of injections of nicotinic acid intramuscularly and intravenously are: children under two years of age, high blood pressure, gout. Contraindications to the use of the drug in the form of tablets are: an ulcer in the acute stage, an increase in the percentage of uric acid in the blood, atherosclerosis. It is not recommended to drive and perform actions that require increased attention.
Vitamin B3 analogues
Instructions for use of nicotinic acid analogues confirm the content of the same active substance, namely:
- "Enduracin" contains the active substance nicotinic acid in a dosage of 500 mg, is available in tablets in 100 plastic bottles.
- "Niacin" contains the active substance of nicotinic acid, is available in powders packed in plastic bags in a cardboard box.
The use of vitamin B3 for cosmetic purposes
Nicotinic acid is often associated with nicotine in smokers. This statement is false. Nicotine is poison. At the same time, the drug nicotinic acid is a vitamin. First of all, in its absence, hair and nails are destroyed, the skin condition worsens. Nicotinic acid found its application in the world of beauty. Today it is widely used in salon hair care procedures. Hairdressers and stylists advise their clients to use the properties of the drug nicotinic acid at home. Instructions for use for hair growth recommends using the drug externally, rubbing a substance from ampoules into the scalp. You can add vitamin to shampoo. The only condition is that the shampoo must be free of silicones, otherwise the drug will not get into the hair.
In addition, there are several options for hair masks:
1. Oil mask.
You must purchase any natural oil. In a plastic cup, mix several ampoules of nicotinic acid and 3 tablespoons, for example, olive oil. Grease the hair with the prepared solution, wrap it with a film and wrap it with a towel. Soak the mask from 30 minutes to an hour and a half, then rinse with water.
2. Honey mask.
Steam a mixture of 3 tablespoons of natural oil and 5 tablespoons of honey and pour 10 milliliters of nicotinic acid. Apply for 30 minutes to hair and rinse with shampoo.
3. Egg mask.
Mix one ampoule of nicotinic acid, egg yolk, one capsule of vitamin E and 1 tablespoon of natural natural oil in a plastic bowl. Spread the hair with the resulting mixture, wrap it with a film and wrap it in a towel. Keep on hair for one hour, then rinse with water.
4. Mask with aloe and propolis.
Mix 10 ml of nicotinic acid, 15 ml of aloe squeeze and 20 ml of propolis tincture. Apply the composition to moisturized scalp, then comb with a thin comb from the roots and distribute the mixture to the very ends of the hair. After one hour, rinse with warm water or herbal infusion.
5. A multi-component mask.
Beat the yolk in a cup, add a quarter teaspoon of liquid honey and 1 ampoule of vitamin B3. Stir well and add a few drops of vitamin E and olive oil and 15 ml of jojoba oil to the mixture. Rub the composition into the roots, spread over the entire length and wait 50 minutes. Rinse with shampoo.
It is occasionally possible to use nicotinic acid as part of a peeling. It is necessary to prepare a scrub from 1 ampoule of acid, a tablespoon of salt and 3 drops of your favorite essential oil. Next, apply a scrub to the hair roots, massage, rinse with water, and then rinse your hair with shampoo.
Reviews when using nicotinic acid alone, without the participation of beauty industry experts, are mostly positive. Instructions for the use of nicotinic acid for cosmetic purposes and by doctors have received reviews. The view of doctors is definitely not negative. Some doctors believe that the alleged improvement in structure and hair growth is the result of a placebo effect. Some allow its use with the phrase “at least it does not hurt”, naturally, provided that the patient has read the instructions for the use of nicotinic acid in ampoules regarding contraindications. Hair loss is often a symptom of a serious illness. Therefore, doctors consider it necessary in case of hair problems not to try to hide the defect, but to be examined in a clinic.
The use of nicotinic acid to stabilize weight
Often, nutritionists for weight loss and subsequent weight stabilization prescribe dietary supplements, which already contain nicotinic acid. Instructions for use intramuscularly in this case are inappropriate. But the purpose of the drug is justified. Due to increased blood flow, metabolism improves markedly. The absence of nicotinic acid in the body leads to the desire to eat something sweet or flour. The active substance is involved in the production of serotonin - the hormone of joy. Lack of nicotinic acid leads to metabolic disorders. But it is not related to the destruction of fat in the human body. Niacin normalizes the production of gastric juice and intestinal motility, removes toxins and harmful substances. The presence of a sufficient dose of vitamin PP allows you to fully produce serotonin, which in turn leads to moral resistance in the temptation to eat candy or chocolate.
The basic rules of losing weight
Instructions for the use of nicotinic acid for weight loss comes down to 5 rules:
1. It must be remembered that nicotinic acid is a medicine that has a number of contraindications and side effects.
2. When using products that have natural vitamin PP in their composition, namely: rye bread, white cabbage, legumes, cauliflower, Bulgarian pepper, the course of administration cannot be more than two weeks. A longer intake leads to an excess of nicotinic acid in the active substance. The instruction for use in diet pills recommends that you try to change the nutrition system before use. This is extremely important. It is worth consuming more natural products, in the composition of which nicotinic acid is already present.
3. The instructions for the use of injections of nicotinic acid, which the nutritionist issues together with the prescriptions of the drug, contain information about the need for physical activity during the use of the drug. Nicotinic acid itself cannot remove fat from the hips. It only slows down the process, using the “secret” production of serotonin to feel a sense of joy throughout the body. In addition, sports also increase the production of serotonin.
4. Take the drug on a full stomach, as in this case, fats are most quickly broken down, and carbohydrates also do not have time to harm the body.
5. During the course of taking the drug, you need to drink up to 3 liters of fluid per day. Water serves as an assistant to nicotinic acid in the fight against slagging of the body.
Despite the doctor’s instructions for intramuscular use of nicotinic acid, a number of patients, for one reason or another, purchase the drug in tablets and after a couple of weeks are waiting for the results of weight loss. This approach will not work. You need to throw away the sausage and rolls, make a choice in favor of low-calorie foods, and finally get out of the couch and start moving. In addition, any doctor knows that the effect of injections comes faster than taking pills. This is also confirmed by reviews on the instructions for the use of nicotinic acid in injections. The result of using the drug in stressful situations of the body under the influence of starvation will not be long in coming. From the first day of reception, one feels the lightness of the body and clarity of mind. Ahead is a long way to harmony, which means to improving quality and longevity.
Rules for prescribing the drug and conditions of dispensing from pharmacies
To purchase drugs of nicotinic acid and its analogues, a doctor’s prescription is needed, which indicates the seriousness of the possible negative consequences when using the drug. Therefore, before this, you need to visit a serious specialist. A good doctor will definitely direct you to take tests for reference values by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. Normally, this indicator varies from 3 to 36 ng / ml. With an increased indicator, they speak of B3 hypervitaminosis, and with an indicator less than normal, B3 hypovitaminosis. In this case, the doctor prescribes nicotinic acid. Along with taking the drug, allergies can occur, which requires immediate withdrawal of the drug, and in the case of droppers, an immediate cessation of infusion. In case of complications when taking the drug at home, an ambulance must be called to stop the symptoms.
Use of nicotinic acid with various drugs
Intramuscular administration of nicotinic acid is allowed with vitamins B1, B6, B9, B12. You can not use the drug with ascorbic acid, copper and magnesium. There is a risk of bleeding when using the drug with acetylsalicylic acid and other anti-blood clot drugs. With caution, the drug is used with drugs for diabetics. Increased arterial hypotension is possible when used with antihypertensive drugs. Niacin increases the effect of antispasmodics. It is forbidden to take alcohol to avoid acute vascular insufficiency. For better absorption of nicotinic acid, niacin is taken with vitamins of group F.