Most of the burns experienced by an ordinary person are minor. We accidentally burn ourselves with hot water, hot metal, fire from a gas stove, etc. All types of burns can be divided into several categories. Consider this and much more in more detail.
What types of burns are there?
The following varieties that a person may encounter are:
- Thermal. Typically, these types of burns are caused by fire, steam, hot objects, or liquids. Boiling with boiling water is the most common case of burning, which is experienced by both children and adults. A burn from the inhalation of hot steam or gas, after which the lungs may be damaged, is also common.
- Exposure to the skin at critically low temperatures (frostbite) is also a type of burn.
- Electric. They occur when skin comes in contact with electric wires.
- Chemical. Types of burns that occur on contact with the skin of various chemicals, such as acid, alkali, salt.
- Beam. May occur with prolonged exposure to the sun, in a solarium, under the influence of x-rays, during radiation therapy, etc.
- Burns caused by friction. Often arise at the moment when an object rubs on the skin. For example, athletes may be injured while falling on mats.
Types of burns, their degree. Children caution
A burn can harm not only the skin, but also the organs below it. These are muscles, venous vessels, nerves, lungs and eyes. There are types of burns of the first, second, third (A, B) and fourth degree. The degree is determined by doctors depending on how badly the skin and other tissues are affected. The degrees can be described as follows:
- First one. A burn of the topmost layer of the skin is the epithelium. With it there is redness and slight pain.
- The second one. The epithelium is damaged to the germ layer. It is manifested by the formation of a blister with serous mass.
- Third degree (A). The dermis is affected, but its bottom remains virtually unscathed (sebaceous glands, hair follicles, sweat glands). It appears in the form of large blisters. The wound may deepen over time.
- Third degree (B). Death of the skin.
- Fourth. The death of tissues under the skin, down to the bones.
The condition of the patient with burns is determined based on several factors, including:
- depth, size, reason, which part of the body is damaged, what is the general state of health of the victim;
- associated damage, such as cuts, fractures, and others.
Many parents take various actions to prevent small children from getting burns. The types of burns (burn prevention may vary depending on this) that a child may receive at home are diverse. In order to prevent this, you need:
- do not leave household chemicals unattended: vinegar, alcohol, etc .;
- also make sure that irons and other hot objects do not remain indoors without adults;
- close outlets with special plugs;
- closely monitor the child, which is the surest way to protect him from burns.