What is acute laryngeal stenosis? In the event that the work of the respiratory system is disrupted, you should consult a doctor. Due to insufficient intake of air into the respiratory tract, the patient's standard of living is significantly reduced. Under such conditions, the cardiovascular system is disrupted. Self-medication is not recommended, as this can lead to the death of a person.
For what reasons the disease develops
What are the causes of acute stenosis of the larynx? There are several factors based on which, a disease can occur. Namely:
- Traumatic brain injury.
- Tumor neoplasms of the thyroid gland.
- Resuscitation event.
- Severe allergic reaction.
- Infectious disease.
- Larynx injury.
- Chemical burn of the larynx.
- The consequences of radiation treatment.
- The introduction of a foreign body into the larynx.
If one of the symptoms appears, it is important to immediately seek help from a specialist.
Symptoms of the disease
With this diagnosis, the patient cannot fully breathe. During the execution of the respiratory act, a short pause is made, the heartbeat slows down and shortness of breath appears. During the development of acute stenosis of the larynx during inhalation or exhalation, noise and whistle are heard, the skin becomes pale, the patient feels anxiety and blood pressure rises significantly. If timely treatment of the disease is not carried out, asphyxia may occur - asphyxiation. Under such conditions, breathing becomes intermittent and the patient's general well-being worsens significantly.
First aid
If the patient has the last stage of laryngeal stenosis, timely medical attention should be provided, otherwise the patient will die. Thanks to tracheotomy, the patient can be saved. During the procedure, it is necessary to make a hole in the larynx and insert a special tube that provides air intake. If there are no complications in the process of tracheotomy, the doctor will prescribe effective medication. In a hospital, acute laryngeal stenosis is treated. Emergency care with this diagnosis is as follows:
- It is recommended to rub the patient's arms and legs;
- open windows and ventilate the room;
- moisten the air with a special device or wet towels - they should be hung around the room.
Use an oxygen can if necessary.
Recommendations of specialists
In order to prevent the development of laryngeal stenosis, it is important to treat other diseases in a timely manner. Acute stenosis of the larynx is dangerous because it can lead to the death of the patient. In the acute and chronic form of the disease, various complications arise and the work of the cardiovascular system is disrupted. To prevent the development of the disease, doctors recommend:
- timely treat diseases associated with the larynx and respiratory system;
- Do not eat hot drinks and food;
- Do not contact for a long time with toxic substances and toxic fumes.
Laryngeal stenosis is a serious pathology that can lead to the death of a patient. If a suspicious symptom has appeared, and your health has sharply worsened, you need to immediately call an ambulance and do not self-medicate.
Diagnostic measures
It is impossible to diagnose the disease at home, so it is important to seek help from medical personnel. Thanks to laryngoscopy, you can see the condition of the larynx and assess the stage of acute stenosis of the larynx. If, after carrying out such a research method, the specialist has received insufficient information, magnetic resonance imaging should be performed. With the help of a chest x-ray, other pathologies of the respiratory system and heart are diagnosed. Based on the results of the study, the specialist will prescribe the appropriate treatment.
Treatment process
Specific treatment measures for acute stenosis are prescribed to the patient, depending on the stage of the disease and the factor that triggered the development of the disease. First of all, it is important to reduce the symptoms of suffocation and normalize the respiratory system. The otolaryngologist and other specialists provide first aid to the patient. With compensated acute stenosis of the larynx, drug therapy is carried out in a hospital setting. If there is an inflammatory process, then you can not do without antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drug. You can relieve laryngeal edema with antihistamines and corticosteroids, which have a decongestant effect. Dehydration therapy is carried out. Immediately you need to remove the foreign bodies that the doctor found in the larynx. The patient's motor activity should be limited. Survival, stress and anxiety only aggravate the course of the disease, so it is important to reassure the patient so that serious health problems do not arise. With decompensated stenosis, an emergency tracheostomy is necessary.
How to treat stenosis in children
Why is it difficult for a child to breathe? This symptom occurs with stenosis of the larynx. If there is a primary sign of illness, you must urgently call an ambulance or consult a doctor. In a serious condition of the child it is necessary to call "ambulance". To improve the well-being of the baby, you must use a humidifier. In acute stenosis, the patient is hospitalized. Depending on the factor that triggered the appearance of the disease, the doctor prescribes treatment.
Why is it difficult to breathe and how to improve well-being? If the disease is caused by an allergy, the doctor prescribes an antihistamine glucocorticoid drug. If foreign bodies enter the larynx, they must be removed. At home, it is not recommended to carry out such manipulation, otherwise you can harm the baby. With an infectious disease of the larynx, the doctor prescribes an antiviral or antibacterial drug. If necessary, intubation is used. In the event of an asthma attack, a specialist makes a tracheotomy. With a congenital pathological condition, surgery should be performed. It is forbidden to engage in self-medication, as this can provoke the development of serious complications. The disease manifests itself in the form of:
- weaknesses;
- fatigue
- Dizziness
- drowsiness
- palpitations;
- shortness of breath
- angina attack.
If one of the symptoms of the disease appears, it is important to consult a doctor.
What are the causes of the disease in babies?
Studying the etiology of acute stenosis of the larynx, we can conclude that in this condition the larynx partially or completely overlaps. There are several reasons, based on which, such a pathological condition develops, namely:
- the use of certain medications during the gestation of the baby;
- maternal infectious disease during pregnancy;
- rheumatic lesions;
- the appearance of tumors.
Only after a thorough medical diagnosis of the patient, the doctor can identify the cause that provoked the development of the disease.
The strength of the symptoms of the disease depends on the stage of stenosis of the larynx.
- At the stage of compensation, there are no signs of the disease at rest. During active movement, the child develops shortness of breath.
- At the stage of incomplete compensation, the child is restless, the skin acquires a pale color. During inhalation or exhalation, noise is heard. With this condition, the baby has symptoms of hypoxemia.
- Stage of decompensation - a serious condition in which there is a narrowing of the larynx in a child. The kid is trying to take a deep breath and opens his eyes wide. A feeling of fear and fear overwhelms the child. It is important to consult a doctor in a timely manner so that there are no serious complications.
- Asphyxia - is characterized by an extremely serious condition, in which the patient's skin changes. The kid is exhausted and asks for help. The cardiovascular system is disrupted, the laryngeal reflex decreases, the pulse is weak, the heart tone is dull, blood pressure drops. Locomotor activity can lead to clonic-tonic seizure. In this condition, the child involuntarily performs a bowel movement.
Symptoms and treatment of laryngeal stenosis in children should be discussed with a pediatrician. Depending on the stage and form of the disease, the doctor will prescribe therapy.
Laryngeal stenosis due to severe allergies
If stenosis occurs due to an allergic reaction, it is necessary to take an antihistamine drug that will help eliminate the signs of allergies. Among the most effective drugs are:
- "Suprastin" - such a medicine is used in an emergency. The doctor introduces the solution intramuscularly or intravenously. After using the drug, side effects may occur, therefore it is not recommended to self-medicate. It is forbidden to use a medication for renal failure. Low price and effectiveness are the main advantages of the medicine.
- "Tavegil" treat pseudo-allergic reactions and anaphylactic shock.
- The medicine "Diphenhydramine" eliminates inflammatory processes and relieves swelling. The drug often uses an ambulance team for emergency treatment.
- Claritin is prescribed for both children and adults. The medicine does not disrupt the nervous system and acts quickly - 25 minutes after administration. Using tablets, you can eliminate itching, swelling and redness of the skin.
- "Fenistil" is most often prescribed to infants. The drug helps to effectively stop an attack of any type of allergy. This is the most popular and effective drug for allergies, because it does not cause side effects and eliminates the manifestations of an allergic reaction of any kind. Doctors prescribe medicine not only for adults, but also for children.
Dangerous drugs
Everyone knows that self-medication is life threatening. There are several medications that can be harmful in acute stenosis.
- Antispasmodic "No-shpa" - the drug does not help eliminate swelling with stenosis of the larynx in adults and children.
- Bronchodilator "Salbutamol" - its action is aimed at the bronchi, and not the larynx.
It is advisable not to administer the drugs intravenously to the patient, since painful sensations provoke an increase in suffocation.
What complications can occur after tracheostomy?
After the operation, complications may occur, which manifest themselves in the form of:
- tracheobronchitis;
- entropy;
- suppuration in the area of the operative opening;
- pneumonia
- abscess
- difficulties or loss of conversational function;
- violations of the cleansing function of the bronchi and trachea.
If the tracheostomy set is not used correctly, severe bleeding can occur, therefore it is important that a qualified specialist carry out the manipulation. With the wrong approach to treatment, complications appear in the form of:
- bleeding
- blood flowing into the trachea;
- pleural damage;
- accidental dissection of the wall of the esophagus;
- damage to the tracheostomy of the back wall of the esophagus.
After the operation, it is important to properly care for the patient, otherwise serious complications may arise. During the recovery period, it is important to follow all the doctor's recommendations. With insufficient liquefaction and removal of mucus from the trachea, you may experience:
- edema;
- atelectasis;
- pneumonia;
- hypoxia.
To avoid the development of complications, it is important to follow the doctor's advice after therapy. The doctor must be a highly qualified specialist. He must choose the right tracheostomy set. After all, the instrument that the doctor inserts into the trachea can cause health problems.
Note to the patient
If one of the signs of laryngeal stenosis appears, it is important to consult a doctor immediately, since such a condition can lead to the death of the patient. It is important not to take medications without the advice of a specialist. Alternative methods of therapy should be applied strictly according to the recommendations of the attending doctor. At home, it is impossible to diagnose diseases, so it is recommended to regularly undergo medical examinations - this will help prevent the development of many ailments. It is important not to self-medicate in acute stenosis of the larynx. Clinical recommendations of specialists will help to get rid of pathology faster, because at home it is impossible to carry out a thorough diagnosis of the body.
If a sign of ailment has arisen, a patient should be examined and the cause that provoked its development should be identified. Depending on the identified factor, the specialist will prescribe the appropriate treatment. With a severe form of pathology, surgical manipulation is performed. Acute stenosis of the larynx and nursing care is a topic that worries many patients. It all depends on the specific clinical picture. The doctor gives individual recommendations to the patient, depending on the stage of the disease, the chosen method of therapy, the presence of other pathologies and general health.