Human skin is very vulnerable and prone to many diseases. The defeat of the fungus of the skin, mucous membranes, nails - a problem that at least once faced most people on Earth. Mycoses are fungal skin diseases, the symptoms and treatment of which can vary significantly. Such ailments deliver a lot of inconvenience, discomfort and discomfort.
How do fungal diseases appear on the skin?
Caused by pathogenic microorganisms, diseases threaten human health with additional problems: often secondary infections join the affected areas, therefore there are always risks of complications that can cause fungal skin diseases. Symptoms and treatment (photos of the most difficult cases in medical practice are presented below) infections depend on the specific type of pathogen.
In general, we can say that most of the ailments of a fungal nature are manifested by the following symptoms:
- peeling;
- allocation of a sucrose;
- redness
- itching
- scaly layering and thickening of the skin, nails.
In more advanced cases, suppuration is added to the symptoms. In addition to the physical factor, fungal skin diseases (symptoms and treatment of ailments deserve a more detailed consideration) cause a person great psychological damage, make them undergo stress and are reflected in their everyday everyday lives.
The first thing you should pay attention to is that all diseases in this group of skin diseases are contagious. The infection process occurs at the moment of contact with the pathogen carrier - filamentous fungus. Not only humans can transfer the fungus on themselves. Often, infection can also be found on household items: spores of pathogenic bacteria by seed leave foci of infection on the surfaces.
Saprophytic microflora can also cause fungal skin diseases. Symptoms and treatment (photo is attached for clarity) of such diseases are quite difficult, because ailments negatively affect the body's immune functions.
Group of keratomycotic skin ailments
Among infections of the skin, a considerable number of diseases belong to keratomycosis. A feature of these ailments is the localization of fungi in the stratum corneum of the epidermis without damage to the skin appendages. Such diseases are considered uncontagious. In the group of keratomycosis, dermatologists include pityriasis versicolor, actinomycosis.
One of the most common diseases of fungal nature is pityriasis versicolor. Often it is called color lichen.
The clinical manifestation in the form of light brown spots, sometimes with a pinkish tinge, with noticeable scaly peeling, distinguishes the disease as the safest in the case of timely treatment. Characteristic spots spread throughout the human body, but can most often be found on the neck, back, chest and shoulders. Inflammatory skin reactions during exacerbation are not observed, such fungal skin diseases do not carry discomfort to the carrier. In children in adolescence, the diagnosis of keratomycosis is most often diagnosed, although the disease is often found in people over 30 years of age.
Symptoms and treatment of pityriasis versicolor
An ideal medium for the spread of this fungus is sweat. Hyperhidrosis contributes to infection and other pathogens that cause fungal skin diseases. Symptoms and treatment in the case of pityriasis (color) depriving are caused by the tendency of foci of lesions to merge with other spots that also have scalloped outlines. Ultraviolet is fatal for a pathogenic fungus , but the skin affected by the infection is not able to absorb it.
It is easy to diagnose color lichen on tanned skin, and in clinical conditions, iodine is tested to detect the disease, and a scraping obtained from scaly scaly spots is examined in the laboratory to confirm the diagnosis.
The symptoms of lichen appearing on the body can be eliminated with prolonged use of external and internal preparations containing intraconazole or terbinofin. It is unlikely to be able to achieve a final cure, but everyone can extend the remission, if elementary rules of personal hygiene are observed, avoiding the use of other people's clothing and shoes.
Actinomycosis is a fungal disease
Chronic actinomycosis also presents common fungal skin diseases. Symptoms and treatment with folk remedies depend on the degree of infection with the radiant fungus, which, as a rule, is the causative agent of the disease. However, practice suggests that alternative medicine is practically powerless in the treatment of the disease.
The risk group consists of employees of agricultural agricultural organizations involved in the collection of cereal plants, work in mills, bakeries and various agricultural complexes.
The radiant fungus that stimulates actinomycosis enters the human body mainly through the mouth from the surface of cereal crops. Spores of the pathogen often affect even internal organs.
The choice of treatment for actinomycosis
Specialists can make a diagnosis of actinomycosis only on the basis of a bacteriological laboratory test. The danger of such a disease causes a great probability of damage not only to the skin, but also to the internal systems of the body. Mandatory medications during the treatment are antibiotics, antifungal and anti-inflammatory drugs. In more advanced cases, it is recommended that irradiation of modified deeply affected areas of the skin, blood transfusion. With the most complex development of the disease, they resort to excision of specific areas of the skin through surgical intervention.
Effective preventive measures for any keratomycosis are hygiene, using only personal hairbrushes, hats, clothes and shoes. You can prevent many diseases of a fungal nature, such as lichen and actinomycosis, without forgetting to just wash your hands after the street, contact with animals, and also constantly strengthening immunity.
Skin Diseases - Dermatophytosis
Fungal skin diseases, the symptoms and treatment of which cause significant difficulties in connection with the specific course of the ailments, include a subgroup of dermatophytosis. These chronic diseases deeply affect the epidermis, causing serious inflammatory reactions. Commonly diagnosed diseases are microsporia, foot mycoses, trichophytosis and favus.
This group of fungal diseases is ubiquitous not only among humans, but also animals. As in the case of keratomycosis, pathogens can be present on household items. In particular, trichophytosis is caused by an anthropophilic fungus. In humans, the disease is characterized by individual affected parts of the scalp, having a rounded shape. Such foci cause brittle hair and mild peeling that does not cause noticeable discomfort to the carrier of infection.
Trichophytosis and microsporia on the scalp and face
As a rule, fungal skin diseases in children are found in the form of dermatophytosis. Trichophytosis most often occurs due to vitamin deficiency during adolescent puberty. With puberty, all symptoms may disappear, but this does not mean that the fungus is no longer present in the body. The untreated form of the disease acquires a chronic course, where women over 35 are the main risk group for the manifestation of the disease.
Symptoms of fungal skin diseases, such as trichophytosis, microsporia, are similar during the course in humans and animals. For example, microsporia, or, as the disease is sometimes called, ringworm, is manifested by damage to the scalp in people. To distinguish trichophytosis from microsporia is possible only at the laboratory level. Visually, during a microscopic study of the fungus, its mycelium can be detected, however, it is quite difficult to differentiate exactly what type it belongs to.
A frivolous attitude towards the disease leads to manifestations outside the scalp. The infection passes to the skin of the face. At this stage, the patient will notice a deterioration in general condition and great inconvenience that cause fungal skin diseases. Symptoms and treatment on the face are rather difficult processes from an aesthetic point of view.
To get rid of dermatophytosis, you need to go for a consultation with a mycologist or dermatologist. Most often, patients are prescribed inpatient treatment, since an infected person is an active carrier of the disease. The main blow to pathogenic fungal microorganisms is made by antifungal and anti-inflammatory drugs. Particularly effective and proven for several years called "Fungoterbin", "Exifin". The first negative result of the study of scraping the patient is an indication for the transition to a lower maintenance dosage. The lesions on the scalp are treated with sulfuric or salicylic ointment, iodine tincture, after shaving off the hair.
Favus
Favus is considered no less dangerous fungal infection that affects the skin and internal organs. It is distinguished by its rather complex course, which is completely unlike other fungal diseases of the skin of the face. Symptoms and treatment, as a rule, begin with the head, since most often the so-called scutula is formed there. It is a hard crust that emits an unpleasant odor and prevents further hair growth. Favus often leads to complete baldness. Without assistance to the patient, the cheekbones can pass onto the face skin, which will significantly complicate the treatment.
A long therapeutic course with the use of potent antifungal medications (Nizoral, Irunin, Lamisil) and regular procedures generally require thorough inpatient treatment.
Fungus in the foot
To get rid of the foot fungus, first of all, it is necessary to revise the rules of hygiene.
Basically, such a fungal disease can be acquired by people at risk of infection in saunas, public baths, pools and even on the beach. Too dry skin of the feet, prone to cracking, also contributes to the development of infection. The lack of treatment will soon affect the appearance of corns, hyperemia, a feeling of constant itching and burning.
Candidiasis on the skin
Immunodeficiency often becomes a favorable condition for the development of many pathological conditions. Fungal skin diseases (symptoms and treatment in children are associated with a host of questions), the causative agent of which is yeast-like candida, most often affects weakened organisms. As a rule, these are children, old people and sick people.
Candidiasis on the face usually occurs in the corners of the mouth. The main indicator that the level of saprophytic bacteria exceeds the norm is seizures and the appearance of white plaque on the inner side of the lips, cheeks. Favorable conditions for the propagation of candida is a warm and humid environment.
Sometimes you can meet the so-called thrush among the people on the body of fat people with excessive sweating, and in infants. In the skin folds you can observe a white curd coating and much less often - detachment of the upper layer of the epidermis.
Treatment of skin candidiasis should be comprehensive. The initial stage in order to get rid of candida mushroom will be the maximum exclusion from the diet of sweets, muffins, yeast dough and lots of fast carbohydrates. An excellent medicinal antifungal agent with a wide spectrum of action in this case is Diflucan. For local effects on affected areas of the skin, ointments "Clotrimazole" and "Nizoral" are suitable. In addition, it is important to establish the intestinal microflora, eliminating dysbiosis.
Fungal skin diseases in animals
It is extremely important to diagnose such fungal skin diseases in pets on time. Symptoms and treatment in cats in case of an unreleased ailment recognized at the initial stages of tissue damage do not cause concern. At the same time, the animal at a young age tolerates a much more serious disease. It is not difficult to determine the symptoms of ringworm: the skin, claws, and cat's hair are affected, gray stiff scales appear on the hairless areas that appear. The incubation period of an infectious disease of this type can last about a month.
An extremely contagious infection can spread to a person in contact with a sick animal. By the way, dogs and cats are the main carriers and distributors of microsporia. In order to save a pet from the pathological effects of fungi, it is first necessary to find out and exclude the source of infection from the contact. It is also important to know exactly how long the animal suffers fungal skin diseases. Symptoms and treatment in dogs are in many ways similar to another no less common four-legged problem - the scabies mite. The manifestation of bald patches and slight peeling of the skin are signs of penetration of the tick into the epidermis. However, if baldness begins to acquire an intense character, and the lesion is a circle with a red border, most likely the dog has microsporia.
At first glance, some fungal skin diseases do not cause any surprise. Folk remedies used, for example, against infection of the feet, are not able to cope with pathogenic microorganisms. Not taking into account the seriousness of infection of a given part of the body with a fungus and rushing to an appointment with specialists, many for a long time continue pseudotherapy with herbal decoctions, leaves of plantain, etc.
Drug treatment of animals
When you seek the help of specialists from a veterinary clinic and conduct a series of tests, a competent treatment will be prescribed for the pet. As a rule, veterinarians select potent drugs, the action of which is aimed at the complete destruction of mushrooms. In the case of the appearance of separate spots on the skin of a dog or cat, several affected areas, medications such as Yam, Clotrimazole, Yuglon and Mykozolon solutions are most often prescribed.
At the same time, it is rather dangerous to treat animals whose skin integument is almost completely affected by smearing with preparations - all antifungal ointments are toxic. Then the use of special shampoos “Nizoral”, “Doctor”, “Imaverol” is more often prescribed, and the main antifungal effect is expected from taking pills and injections with “Fluconazole”, “Griseofulvin” and others.
Traditional medicine in the treatment of fungus
Among folk remedies against any fungus on the skin for both people and animals, the following are considered particularly effective:
- The affected areas on the body should be cleaned twice a day with a 20% alcohol solution of propolis.
- The same can be repeated with onion juice. For 3-5 days, apply onion fluid to problem skin. Onion flesh is sometimes used. In particular, the foot fungus is the main indication for the appointment of such a folk medicine. The gruel is applied between the fingers for 30 minutes, after which the feet are washed in warm water.
- Garlic has a similar antifungal property on a par with onions. With it, you can do both alcohol tinctures and lubricate the affected skin with a cotton swab, and use it as a compress, applying to sore spots.
- With fungal infection of the feet, vinegar has long been considered an effective way to get rid of an ailment. In it, you should soak your socks and put them on your feet, it is advisable to perform the procedure before bedtime.
- Beloved in the morning by many coffee, it is able to eliminate itching and burning of sore toes or arms. An instant drink is not suitable for this purpose; only ground coffee brewed without sugar is used.
- With candidiasis, the properties of lemon are priceless. Its juice perfectly fights yeast microorganisms. It is necessary to wipe the folds on the skin twice a day for a week.
- In the case of infection spreading on the nail plates, it is necessary to treat the affected and adjacent areas of the skin with iodine. The course of this therapy should last at least a month.
- The people believe that the ashes of decayed rubber attached to sore nails helps especially at the first signs of the disease. The procedure is repeated for several days.