How often the great seems simple and does not catch the eye, because it is understandable to the child! However, time is a reliable judge. And if a short essay in terms of volume has always been heard for the third century, then, you see, it is ingenious.
The tale "Moroz Ivanovich" is a wonderful example of a Russian author's tale.
Russian spirit of the work
Its creator, Vladimir Odoevsky, composed a good, magical story full of love for his native land for the smallest children. After reading it, I would like to express my impression in two lines by Alexander Sergeyevich Pushkin:
"Here is the Russian spirit,
It smells of Rus! "
Indeed, the fairy tale “Moroz Ivanovich” (one of the stories included in the author's collection “Tales of Grandfather Irenaeus”) leaves such an impression after reading. The thirty-eight-year-old author, writing it, put all of himself into his work. At that time he already had the experience of creating a beloved masterpiece by the people - the fairy tale “Town in a Snuffbox”.
He, carried away by mysticism, made the reader perceive his “Frost” as a magical folk composition. And the writer succeeded.
Composition: a saying and a conception
In its composition, this author’s fairy tale was created in accordance with the classical traditions of the oral folk epic. This style of storytelling is mystical, paradoxical. From ancient times, the epic was given the power to touch the hidden strings of the soul ... For some reason, if the structure of the epic is sustained in the work, and even the intrigue is introduced, then it is doomed to the attention of readers. Why is that? Obviously, the Slavic genetic memory of generations is triggered ...
The tale "Moroz Ivanovich" begins with a saying that has the form of finely selected, in accordance with the main idea of ​​the work, a good and instructive proverb.
Odoevsky thus conveys to small readers the thought, which reads: "For nothing, without labor, nothing is given to us."
The attention of the person who has read the saying, further to the thread of the narrative, is attracted by the traditional element of the composition , canonical for the epic - the reason: "2 girls lived in the house alone. Sloth and Needlewoman ..." What is achieved by him? First, the appearance of events that happened once in the past is created. And, secondly, the reader has a feeling that the basis of the narrative will be the antithesis (opposition).
Initially, thanks to the writer's skill, the sympathy of the child is on the side of the Needlewoman, since he is by nature charged to form the phenomenon of the “positive self” in himself.
Magic plot
The talented storyteller Odoevsky does not fail the expectations of a child reader. The tale fell in love with the people, because the narrative corresponds to the peasant tradition. In working families, gradually, according to the degree of difficulty, the children were instructed to perform various homework. And in this sense, “Moroz Ivanovich” is a folk tale, as it corresponds to the peasant tradition of labor education. She creates bright motivating images for children.
The needlewoman is positive and lucky. And even when she faces difficult trials, the girl, with her attention to others and care for them, ensures that the whole world sympathizes and helps her. The fact that unusual animated objects - a bulk apple and a pie “with heat, with heat” - become her allies, definitely adds weight to the girl in the eyes of children. Successful completion of the tests of the good and fair Moroz Ivanovich guarantees her a well-deserved reward. At the same time, Sloth achieves the opposite result in everything. The Christmas story of the fairy tale is not only magical, but also fair, therefore it is doomed to success.
Fairytale ending
“Moroz Ivanovich”, a folk tale in its spirit, ends with a classic instructive ending. The writer in it addresses directly to the “children” with a call to think over the essence of what he heard and decide what is true in it, which is mentioned in a figurative sense, where the author joked and where he tried to convey an important thought to the children.
Odoevsky’s work of authorship turned out to be in accordance with the most beloved folk: magically, extremely understandable, beautiful, elegant.
Melodiousness
The tale "Moroz Ivanovich" is extremely poetic, it has a special rhythm. She is humorous. This is the method of presentation that the author intentionally chose. Here, the author’s attitude to what is happening is palpable.
If, when describing the adventures of the needlewoman, sympathy and sympathy are heard, then when describing the adventures of Leninitsa it is kindly irony, condemnation, and banter.
In addition to masterfully creating images, the author surprises the reader with a picturesque representation of the places of action. The ice house from the fairy tale “Moroz Ivanovich” is colorful, where the worker was in the service of the Winter Lord for three days.
The folk style of the oral narrative is sustained in the tale: many memorable sentences (think, guess, for fun); she is strewn with proverbs (she did it herself - correct yourself; work is different for work); it distinguishes the uniqueness of common words (you feel like it, miserable, student); often used nouns in a diminutive form (old man, grass, embers, nanny.) A similar style of narration was used later by Bazhov, he is called poetry in prose.
The literary fairy tale “Moroz Ivanovich” is distinguished by laconic layout coherence: there is nothing superfluous in it. Each phrase, each sentence lays a bright smear on the overall picture of the story. Readers always have the impression of the integrity of the story.
About the work of children in the lesson
This work, according to the author, is really adapted for the perception of children of primary school age. The teacher’s task is for the child who read it to do this not formally, but to comprehend its content. The teacher plans his lesson so that in the process of discussing the tale in the classroom, the children formulate answers to the following questions:
- Was it interesting to them?
“What did they learn in this lesson?”
- What exactly did you like in the fairy tale?
- Did the children understand the meaning of the author?
- What kindred tales of other authors can children remember reading about the Needlewoman?
The teacher also mobilizes schoolchildren to compose a quotation plan for the fairy tale “Moroz Ivanovich” (2nd grade is already the time when the guys are quite able to cope with the task).
Quote Plan Example
Here is a possible example of such a plan:
1. Characteristics of positive and negative characters: "... 2 girls lived - Needlewoman and Sloth."
2. The magical adventure of the needlewoman: "... then a miracle happened to her ..."
3. The needlewoman and Moroz Ivanovich: “You will be smart, you’ll be better; You’ll be lazy, you’re worse ... ”
4. Award in justice: “Thank you, you are a smart girl ...”
5. Unworthy actions and punishment of Leninitsa by Moroz Ivanovich: “... you did not work for me, but I served you.”
6. Conclusions from the tale: “And you, children, think and guess ...”
The quotation plan of the tale “Moroz Ivanovich” (2nd grade) is composed of children under the guidance of a teacher. It is advisable that they read this work several times in advance. First you need to make sure that second-graders can come up with a regular essay plan. Then a search is made for quotes equivalent to the plan items defined by them.
Needlewoman Image
The needlewoman from the fairy tale "Moroz Ivanovich", her sister Lenivitsa and Moroz Ivanovich, who absorbed the character of Santa Claus, are the main plot-forming heroes of the fairy tale.
The author intentionally gave the girls not ordinary names (Masha, Alina, Tatyana, etc.), but reflecting their character, personality orientation: Needlewoman and Sloth. This name is the starting point in the analysis of the image itself. This is evident from the fact that throughout the whole story, the image of the little toiler is revealed to the reader on the positive side and the character of her lazy sister is condemned. The plan of the fairy tale "Moroz Ivanovich" (2nd class), like the fairy tale itself, involves consistent coverage of images: first, needlewomen, and then Leninitsa.
In our article, we will follow precisely this order.
The needlewoman, despite her childhood, is a well-established, bright and active person. She is skillful, sensitive and attentive. This is a real mistress. The author lists the types of female activity in which the girl is a craftswoman (the needlewoman is hardworking and constantly at work):
- hut sweeps;
- tidy up the house;
- bread bakes;
- brings water from the well, and even filters it;
- makes dishes;
- mending clothes;
- knits stockings, cuts scarves;
- cuts and sews;
- the bed whips.
She has no time to be bored. She, like a bee, creates around her a cozy, well-groomed, friendly world. However, the girl, being in labor, in addition to this manages to ask, kindly communicate with others, fulfill their requests, be interested in people.
The heroine of Winter comes to the Winter Lord by accident: she descends into the well, where he lives in the hope of getting a fallen bucket. Being in a three-day service with Moroz Ivanovich (he sets such a condition), the Needlewoman is friendly, questions the old man, learns about his life. The owner of the ice palace and his guest is really interested in talking. Moroz Ivanovich notices that the girl is smart.
The lord of winter tells her how he protects green grass until spring with a snow cover; why in the heat is in a magic well; why in the winter it knocks on the windows of houses.
It is not surprising that the Needlewoman of the "old man consoled" with his courtesy, thriftiness, and he honestly thanked the hardworking, respectful, kind and modest girl - with silver nickels and a diamond pin.
Girl Sloth
The sloth from the tale "Moroz Ivanovich" appears before the readers in a diametrically opposite light. She is a lounger and prefers to spend time in bed. She is even too lazy to dress herself. The nanny ties the laces on her shoes, puts on stockings. Odoevsky extremely ironically narrates about her usual pastime: to sit by the window and count flies. With his light hand, the aphorism "counting flies" has become a generally accepted characteristic of a loafer.
The sloth, unlike the Worker, should go to Moroz Ivanovich solely for mercantile reasons. She is attracted by silver nickels and a diamond hairpin. On the way to the old man, the girl ignores the requests of bulk apples and pies "with heat, with heat." She does not want to “bore herself” by throwing them in her bag.
Accordingly, a lazy girl has nothing to treat Grandfather Frost, sitting on a bench, at a meeting. Keen and fair Moroz Ivanovich poses before her exactly the same tasks as before the Needlewoman. However, even greed cannot overcome her laziness:
- she did not fulfill the old man’s request: to beat his snowy feather bed;
- instead of dishes, she cooked a brew of poorly peeled meat, fish, greens, mustard and kvass;
- from the habit of injecting a finger, she did not fix the dress and did not stomp the linen.
It so happened that Moroz Ivanovich served Lenivitsa, and not she. That is how the quotation plan of the tale "Moroz Ivanovich" characterized the stay of this loafer in the ice house of the Lord of Winter. Grandfather delicately informed her about this. Another girl, more modest, would apologize in her place. However, the angry and disrespectful Sloth began arrogantly demanding from Moroz Ivanovich the same award that he had bestowed on her sister.
He was taken aback at first, and then decided to teach the lazy one a lesson by presenting her with two “gifts”: a pseudo-diamond made of ice and a pseudo-silver ingot of frozen mercury. Those, of course, melted, and Sloth was left with nothing.
The image of Moroz Ivanovich
Turning to the characterization of the third main character of the fairy tale, we note that while characterizing the two little completely different heroines, we have already partially told readers what Moroz Ivanovich is in the fairy tale. However, of course, it is worth telling in more detail how he looks and where he lives.
Outwardly, the Winter Lord is like a gray-haired grandfather with a big beard. His favorite pastime at his leisure is to sit on an ice bench and chew on ice lumps (from the side it probably resembles a simple click of seeds).
Under his supervision is a dream of nature. He takes care of the coming harvest.
In communication, he is simple, polite. She will not say a rude word. Moroz Ivanovich is generous, but fair. Behind its apparent simplicity lies the wisdom and power of the Lord of blizzards and frosts. And of course, everything will be as he judges.
Minor Fairytale Heroes
Minor heroes of the tale “Moroz Ivanovich” are few. These include the nanny Praskovia, a strict and angry woman. She is economic, reasonable. But the warmth in this woman is not felt. The nanny became angry when the Needlewoman accidentally dropped a bucket and directed the girl to get it. Obviously, such a rigid principle could not be applied in this situation.
On the secondary characters - talking pies and apples - we have already mentioned ...
However, there is another hero of the fairy tale - the home cockerel, which the Needlewoman fed.
He joyfully triumphantly welcomes his benefactress, happy and awarded for conscientious service with Moroz Ivanovich. But the cockerel is ironic about Leninitsa, because her melted “gifts” from the Lord of Winter are the equivalent of condemnation.
Conclusion
The author of the fairy tale “Moroz Ivanovich” managed to show, using vibrant folk vocabulary, to the smallest readers that labor adorns a person. At the same time, Odoevsky debunked laziness. Outgoing, kind, modest, supported by people, the Needlewoman is opposed by a selfish, angry, arrogant Sloth. So she became, indulging her laziness.
Two different people, two different life positions ...
How relevant today is the love of work! After all, communities of active people are able to create real miracles: to construct, build, create ... But after all, all these people come from childhood, from a “small country” in which its inhabitants read the tale of Moroz Ivanovich.