No one is safe from anything. That's why it is recommended to be very careful always and everywhere. But sometimes, no matter how you guard, you can still get hurt. The front of the face is the area that suffers the most, especially diagnosed with a bruise, a broken nose. This organ is very important for human life, it takes part in the processes of smell and respiration.
Briefly about everything
Correctly establish a diagnosis and prescribe treatment for this damage can only a surgeon or traumatologist. Most commonly affected by bruising: nasal septum, bones and cartilage. Rarely, there is a rupture of the wings of an organ and a separation of its tip.
It is possible to guess that there was a bruising of the nose according to a number of signs characteristic of this injury. The main thing in this situation is to take the necessary measures to prevent the consequences. The more serious the damage, the more pronounced the signs of injury.
It must be remembered that the severity of the damage is influenced by several factors: age, impact power and strength of the nasal septum.
The causes of injury to the sense of smell include: a blunt object strike (this situation usually occurs when playing sports), a fall. The second reason relates most to children.
Signs of a simple bruised nose are similar to the symptoms that appear when a fracture occurs. But they still need to be able to distinguish between them. We will talk about this and much more in more detail.
Symptoms
A bruised nose is the result of a blow, falling onto a hard object and is accompanied by the following symptoms.
- Sharp pain, which when touched to a bruised place becomes stronger and more intense.
- Edema and bump appear instantly as soon as an injury has occurred. Over time, they increase.
- Difficulty breathing through the nose. The reason for this condition is swelling and nasal congestion with blood clots.
- Subcutaneous hemorrhage results in bruising in the nose and under the eyes.
- Involuntary lacrimation.
- Sometimes the injury is accompanied by bleeding, the intensity of which can be different, depending on the strength of the vessels.
In addition to the above symptoms, a severe bruising of the nose is usually accompanied by: concussion, swelling of the tissues of the entire face, headache, nausea, vomiting, fever. In this case, you can not do without the help of a doctor.
The severity of symptoms begins to decline already on the fourth day after the injury, the rehabilitation process begins.
Signs of a combination of injury and complications
This "union" deserves special attention, since its symptoms are very dangerous for human life. The first sign of such unity is the inability to stop the bleeding. What other symptoms are accompanied by a combination of trauma and complications?
- Severe lacrimation. It appears when the eye socket and lacrimal canals are damaged.
- The appearance of cerebrospinal fluid is a consequence of damage to the ethmoid bone, which is located near the upper nasal passages.
A person who has nothing to do with medicine will not be able to distinguish cerebrospinal fluid from tears. That's why when you release fluid from the nose with blood, immediately consult a doctor. Procrastination can cost a life.
But before qualified help arrives in time, the condition of the victim should be alleviated at home.
First aid help
The basic rule is to do everything not only quickly, but also correctly.
- The first step to take is to reassure the person.
- Then immobilize him. This is done so that bleeding does not intensify.
- If there is an open wound, it must be washed. Warm water with soap is used.
After carrying out the above procedures, proceed to the process of stopping bleeding:
- A cold compress is placed on the nose.
- Take a pose in which the blood will come out naturally. In no case should the head be thrown back. Otherwise, blood clots can enter the esophagus and stomach.
- With severe bleeding, it is necessary to insert cotton swabs dipped in hydrogen peroxide into the nasal passages.
- In order to prevent the occurrence of complications, Naphthyzinum or Rinozalin drops are used.
Even if the bleeding has stopped and the injured person is feeling satisfactory, you should definitely visit a specialist. This should be done in order to determine whether there was a fracture or not, and to prevent complications.
Diagnostics
After a nose bruise has occurred, the symptoms that appear in this case do not disappear, but, on the contrary, worsen, you should immediately consult a specialist. The doctor will conduct diagnostic measures:
- Visual examination of the nose for the presence of puffiness, tumor, hematoma.
- The condition of the wings of the nose and central bone is assessed.
- The presence of hemorrhages in the tissues adjacent to the injury is diagnosed.
- With the help of palpation, the integrity of the nasal cavity is determined.
- Rhinoscopy is a procedure performed using special mirrors to examine the nasal cavity.
- X-ray The picture is studied and a diagnosis is made.
When examining the nose, the doctor determines the type of wound, there was a transformation of the nose or not, whether there are hemorrhages in the subcutaneous region. Rhinoscopy, palpation, x-rays help determine the presence of serious complications.
After the diagnosis, the necessary treatment is prescribed. We are going to talk about him now.
Treatment
The goal is to eliminate the symptoms. If the bruise of the nose is moderate and complex, the following measures are carried out:
- For forty-eight hours, cold compresses are placed on the nose with a frequency of every two to three hours. The duration of the procedure is from ten to fifteen minutes.
- On the third day, warming is prescribed using a heating pad, a warming patch.
- Physiotherapeutic warming procedures. They will help relieve swelling, improve blood circulation.
- Vasoconstrictor drugs are instilled throughout the week. Frequency - twice a day.
- An internal ointment is applied to prevent inflammatory processes.
- In the presence of a hematoma, a puncture is done. This procedure is carried out only in a hospital, a syringe with a needle is used.
- Severe nasal contusion (ICD-10 assigns code S00.3 to this injury ) is treated only in a hospital, under round-the-clock supervision of a doctor.
If you follow all the doctor’s instructions, the problem will be solved and there will be no complications. But all the same, they will be discussed, but below. At the moment, let's talk about alternative methods of therapy.
Treatment with folk remedies
To solve the problem, you can use traditional medicine, but only after consulting a doctor:
- Decoction or tincture of buttercup flowers. The injured place is rubbed. The procedure is carried out twice a day.
- Nasal bruising, swelling, and inflammation can be removed with ordinary cabbage. A sheet is taken, wrinkled until juice appears, applied to a sore spot, attached with a bandage. The compress changes every hour. For these purposes, you can use raw potatoes. It is cut with thin plates and attached to a bruised area with a bandage.
- Hot lotions with Epsom salts will help get rid of bruises. An alternative to it is salt, sand. Warming is carried out no more than three times a day. Remember: you cannot go out into the cold after the procedure.
- Honey will help reduce pain. It is mixed with aloe, superimposed on the injured area.
All of the above methods are used only for mild bruising of the nose. With moderate and severe severity, these funds will not help.
Child injury
Quite often, the olfactory organ in children suffers, and the mother is not always present. That's why you should immediately pay attention to the behavior of the baby. If he was sick, he became drowsy, immediately running to a specialist. A bruised nose in a child should not be ignored.
The baby began to breathe badly? Most likely, he has a hematoma on the nasal septum. This situation contributes to the multiplication of pathogenic microorganisms, which can cause suppuration on the nasal septum and an abscess.
When bleeding, be sure to calm the child, its negative emotion and overexcitation increase bleeding. Then swab your nose using drugs (hydrogen peroxide) that stop the blood. During this procedure, try to prevent the baby from moving, sneezing, or coughing.
Nose injury is a painful and unpleasant procedure. An adult is not able to withstand it, but what can we say about the child ?! He needs affection and love of a loved one.
Consequences and Complications
If you timely and correctly treat a bruised nose, then there will be no problem. Otherwise, an inflammatory process may develop. It appears when an infection gets into the wound.
The consequences of the injury include:
- Constant runny nose, accompanied by snoring, whistling.
- Chronic sinusitis, rhinitis, sinusitis.
- Curvature of the septum, deformation of the nose.
In order to avoid these problems, consult with a specialist and be sure to follow all his recommendations. After all, the injury to the organ of smell, it seems, is not serious, but only with timely assistance, it can remain so, otherwise you can’t do without unpleasant surprises.