All people on the planet have experienced severe pain in the larynx. This painful condition is associated with the inflammatory process of the mucous membrane. First of all, microbes, viruses or bacteria get on it, because it is a natural protective filter for various infections. The epithelium, which covers the entire surface of the larynx, the inner part of the throat, along the way air enters the lungs, produces a special viscous secret. It consists of:
- macrophages with the ability to capture foreign cells - bacteria and toxic particles;
- granulocytes (one of the types of granular leukocytes);
- T-helpers, which are assistants to lymphocytes in the immune response.
It is these substances that protect the ENT organs from pathogenic microbes. If inflammation begins in the throat, this indicates a decrease in immunity, the body is weakened and can not cope with the disease.
In the article, we will consider how to restore the mucous membrane of the throat with medicines and folk remedies, the causes of inflammatory processes, how to alleviate the condition with a diet and additional general strengthening procedures.
Why can a sore throat?
Pharyngitis is not associated with any season. You can get sick in the winter cold from hypothermia or SARS, in the off-season - from increased dampness or humidity, the immunity from a lack of vitamins in the spring decreases, in the summer people often drink chilled drinks or eat ice cream, are in air-conditioned rooms. Inflammation of the throat mucosa may appear from insufficient humidity in the room, dryness irritates the membrane, and the larynx begins to tickle.
In areas with poor environmental conditions or large production facilities, people inhale polluted air. Sometimes inflammatory processes in the ENT organs are caused by a lack of vitamins A and E, B and C. After a decrease in immunity, the protective mechanisms of the throat mucosa are no longer so strong, the malfunctions are transmitted to the glands that produce a viscous secretion.
The throat also suffers from a lack of mucus, and from its overabundance, which causes an obsessive cough and hyperemia of the larynx. Therefore, it is very useful to know how to restore the throat mucosa. Treatment of the patient must begin at the first symptoms, so that the inflammatory process does not go down in the bronchi or go into a severe form of follicular tonsillitis.
Symptoms of the disease
It is easier for an adult to understand the incipient disease than a child. However, people often continue to perform daily functions and ignore the onset of pharyngitis. Treatment usually begins when the symptoms are already so pronounced that they interfere with life. This is wrong, because it is much easier to stop the course of the disease at the very beginning than to cure the neglected form.
Consider the first signs:
- sore throat, constant dryness, in which you want to drink something warm or cough;
- itching and pain when swallowing;
- the appearance of a runny nose;
- on the tonsils in the mirror you can see red rims, sometimes white blotches of pus appear;
- the general weakness of the body is felt, a person gets tired faster.
With such signs, the patient should think about how to restore the mucous membrane of the throat. Consider how you can alleviate the condition at home.
Methods for eliminating irritants
Doctors give these tips:
- It is best to try to breathe through the nose, this will protect the mucous membrane from drying out and will not cause additional irritation.
- If the nasal passages are blocked, instill drops. It is best to use products containing oils, as they do not dry the mucous membrane.
- Drink fluids more - warm (not hot) teas, water, non-acidic juices, rosehip broth or raspberry compote.
- Stop smoking addiction. Tobacco smoke irritates the throat even more.
- If you have high acidity or gastroesophageal reflux, sit on a strict diet, because acid from the stomach can only aggravate throat irritation. You can’t eat spicy and salty foods, fried and smoked meats, sour foods and raw fruits and vegetables. Food should be fractional, chopped and warm. Neither cold nor hot dishes and drinks need to be consumed.
- Do not strain your throat, keep quiet more, especially in the fresh air in the cold season.
If the room is dry due to heat in the summer or central heating batteries in the winter, then purchase a humidifier. If not, place a bowl of water on the windowsill or hang a damp terry towel on the radiator. Wet your room more often.
Sore Throat Medications
Depending on the cause of the onset of the inflammatory process in the throat, the doctor prescribes the following types of drugs:
- Antiviral drugs - "Arbidol" or "Interferon", "Cycloferon" or "Amiksin". There are a lot of them on sale, only your doctor can prescribe the right option.
- Antibiotics - use the penicillin series, for example, Amoxicillin or Macropen. You need to drink medicine twice a day at regular intervals.
- "Loratadine" or "Diazolin" are antihistamines that relieve irritation.
- If the throat disease is of fungal origin, then appoint "Nystatin" or "Fluconazole".
Absorbable pills
If you do not know how to treat the mucous membrane of the throat, then check out the list of the most common sucking tablets that can be purchased at any pharmacy. Here are some of them:
- Strepsils - these are candies with menthol and eucalyptus or honey and lemon, there is a simple option without fillers with vitamin C. Such tablets should not be given to children under 6 years of age. It is necessary to begin resorption after the first signs of pharyngitis. Every couple of hours they take one lollipop. But per day, the norm should not exceed 12 pieces.
- "Faringosept" - is prescribed for infection with various coccal infections. The substance ambazon does not allow the development of pathogenic microorganisms and reduces perspiration and pain when swallowing.
- Chlorophyllipt. The instruction for use defines this drug as anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial. It is possible to dissolve green tablets with tonsillitis and erosion of the larynx, they help well even with ulcerative stomatitis and tonsillitis. The preparation consists of a mixture of chlorophylls from eucalyptus leaves. Children, pregnant and breast-feeding women are not recommended to use this drug for treatment, since studies have not been conducted and the result of exposure has not been studied. Better not take the risk. Also, the instructions for use of "Chlorophyllipt" warns that the drug contains sugar, so you should not buy it for patients with diabetes.
- "Lisobakt" is suitable for children. Kids from 3 to 7 years old are allowed to use 1 pc. in a day. Adults - from 2 to 3 tablets per day. Be sure to check the medicine for an allergic reaction, as urticaria is possible.
Sprays
It is convenient to moisturize the dry mucous membrane of the throat with sprays. These are drugs that spray the medicine directly into the oral cavity to the larynx, covering all hard-to-reach spots. There are rules for using all sprays. First you need to take a few sips of liquid. Then turn the spray nozzle towards the open mouth. It is necessary to press the button only once. After spraying, the mouth should be closed and for some time refrain from drinks and food.
Here are some of the popular sprays:
- "Ingalipt" - an inexpensive domestic drug, created on the basis of streptocide. This antibiotic has long been used in medicine and many microorganisms have developed immunity to it.
- Stopangin or Hexoral. It works well with fungal, bacterial and viral infections. Allowed even for children and pregnant women.
- Spray for throat "Lugol" is still produced under the name "Yoks." The contained iodine has an anti-inflammatory effect.
Inhalation
This procedure consists of inhaling small particles of the drug substance in the form of steam. People have been treated with inhalations since ancient times, inhaling soda solution or a decoction of herbs, the medicine gets far into the larynx and respiratory tract. Now popular are nebulizers, where you can use medications prescribed by your doctor.
There are simple cheap inhalers where you can breathe through a special nozzle with a solution of hot water (at least 60 degrees) and essential oils, using, for example, menthol or eucalyptus, anise or fir. On 100 ml of water you need to drip 10 - 15 drops. After the procedure, do not eat anything and it is best to be silent for a while.
Inhalation with herbs
How to restore the throat mucosa with folk remedies? Broths of herbs in the form of inhalations are suitable. If the house does not have an inhaler, you can pour 1 tbsp in a simple pan. l chopped sage leaves in a glass of water, bring the solution to a boil, wait a bit to cool to a comfortable temperature, but not lower than 60 degrees, and bend over the container, covering your head with a bath towel. You need to breathe through your mouth for 15 minutes. Then take off the cloak and lie down alone.
In addition to sage grass, broths of chamomile, coltsfoot, as well as thyme or oregano can be used for inhalation.
Rinse
Adults can have frequent rinses as a treatment. The solution is collected in the oral cavity, and, lifting his head up, you need to pronounce the letter "A". Then you must spit out the liquid, you do not need to swallow the microbes back.
Well works a solution called "Sea Salt" - 1 tbsp. l salt, the same amount of soda and one drop of iodine per glass of warm water.
Relieves inflammation solution "Furacilina" or "Streptocide", a decoction of chamomile or calendula. You can moisten a cotton swab in it and gently rub the tonsils.
The article describes in detail how to restore the throat mucosa in different ways, consult your doctor and start treatment immediately! Be healthy!