A lipoma, popularly called a wen, is a benign subcutaneous neoplasm. In appearance, it looks like a seal. It is soft to the touch, and when pressed, it sometimes shifts somewhat from its original position.
Despite the fact that a lipoma is a tumor of adipose tissue, it has nothing to do with oncology. Zhiroviki do not mesenterize and do not germinate in other tissues. Their formation is possible in any organs and systems, but most often their localization is found on the limbs, on the trunk and on the head. Much less often, a lipoma is located in the abdominal cavity, perinephric fiber, mammary glands, mediastinum and lungs. Over time, adipose tissue in any place of its localization grows, reaching large sizes.
Formation mechanism
How does the formation of wen? Today, there are two theories of the mechanism of their occurrence. The first of them is recognized worldwide. According to its provisions, the mechanism of the occurrence of lipoma lies in the growth of the tumor as a tumor. In other words, there are many clones from a single cambial cell, which gives rise to a sufficiently large population. A confirmation of this theory is the lobular structure, which has a deep wen, as well as the detection of cells with high mitotic ability in these neoplasms.
Researchers associate the second mechanism of lipoma development with impaired outflow of secretion from the sebaceous glands. As a result of this, tissue accumulation occurs. In such wen, as a rule, lobular structure is not detected, and they are located only superficially. The existence of this mechanism is supported by the frequent localization of neoplasms in areas with a large accumulation of sebaceous glands.
Causes of occurrence
Consider why a wen appears. The reasons that cause the development of lipomas have not yet been fully studied. According to available data from studies conducted in the field of fat metabolism, physiology and genetics, these neoplasms are formed in connection with the following:
- genetic predisposition;
- impaired fat metabolism ;
- failures in the mechanism of reverse regulation of fat formation;
- low level of personal hygiene;
- demodicosis.
Let's consider each of these reasons in more detail.
Heredity
What causes a wen? Researchers have already repeatedly proved that lipomatosis, that is, a pathology that leads to systemic growth of lipomas, is a disease inherited at the genetic level. In this case, the predisposition is transmitted from parents to children, regardless of the gender of the child.
Failures in the process of fat metabolism
It is worth paying attention to the fact that such neoplasms can develop not only in obese people, but also in thin people. From this we can conclude that the volume of subcutaneous fat does not affect the development of lipomas. So what affects the occurrence of pathology? What causes a wen? Lipomas are formed due to disruptions in the processes of fat metabolism, which provoke an increase in the amount of lipoproteins in the blood. This is a special fraction of fats that has a low density. Lipoproteins are not able to freely seep into the fissures of the intercellular space, which leads to their clogging. Over time, most of the endothelium becomes impenetrable. Not only fats, but also all other fractions cannot leak through it.
The lipids in the blood begin to be deposited in the vessels in the form of atherosclerotic plaques, clogging the capillary lumen. In the affected areas, the growth of body fat begins. Over time, a structure with numerous partitions arises here, which is a wen.
The main reason for the increase in the number of lipoproteins in the blood is genetic diseases, as well as excessive inclusion in the diet of foods of animal origin, and a sedentary lifestyle.
Failures in reverse regulation of fat metabolism
In the body of any person, subcutaneous fat is always present. Moreover, the thickness of the fabric, which it is part of, has various thicknesses on different parts of the body. This is due to the system that regulates body fat. Special mediators drive it.
In case of malfunctions in their functioning, which sometimes provoke injuries, severe stress, frostbite, burns, radiation, deposits of fatty tissue in certain areas of the skin occur. A similar process contributes to the formation of lipomas. The lobular structure of these formations corresponds to that which takes place in other areas of the body.
Personal hygiene
What causes a wen? There is a theory that the formation of lipomas comes from long unhealed boils or acne. Some people, not knowing how to get rid of such foci correctly, try to open them. In most cases, when performing such a procedure, pus is not completely removed. The focus of inflammation becomes chronic. There is a narrowing and scarring of the purulent passage. The sebaceous glands in the area of the boil begin to produce a thick secret, which under certain conditions clogs the lumen of the gland, which leads to the accumulation of sebum - lipomas in its cavity.
Demodecosis
In a small number of people who inhabit our planet, small ticks find their place of existence in the meibomian and sebaceous glands. They are so small in size that they can only be seen under a microscope with a forty-fold increase. As a rule, the reproduction of such parasites is impeded by human immunity. However, if it is weakened, then ticks increase populations, closing the gland with their bodies. Most often, such an invasion leads to the development of an inflammatory process of the type of carbuncle or boil. But sometimes this does not happen, and sebum begins to accumulate in the cavity of the sebaceous glands, forming a wen with time.
Other reasons
What does a wen appear yet? Scientists do not exclude the possibility that lipomas can occur as a result of hormonal imbalances. In women, it occurs, for example, during menopause, when there is a restructuring of the body with the extinction of reproductive function.
The reasons for the development of lipomas can be diseases of the liver and pancreas, as well as a decrease in activity in the functioning of the pituitary and thyroid gland.
Often, such formations appear against the background of diabetes mellitus, alcoholism and cancer processes affecting the upper respiratory tract. Interestingly, an increasing adipose is in no way associated with the well-being of a person. Even with the depletion of the body, lipomas continue to accumulate subcutaneous fat.
Locations and Appearance
Lipomas are in no way associated with external tissues. That is why the skin layers above them are not changed and can freely move in any direction. A formation is considered a small wen, the diameter of which is within 1-2 cm. As it grows, its size can reach 15-20 cm. As a rule, such wen are located on the hips and forearms, back and stomach, chest, neck and head. Places of their localization are never found on the feet and palms. In the area of the tumor, the dermis is stretched with the appearance of small depressions on its surface.
Lipomas in the affected area of the body can be single or multiple. Researchers have discovered the principle of symmetry of the bodily arrangement of wen. So, when they are formed on the forearm of one hand, the likelihood of lipomas in the same place of the other hand is high.
Zhirovki in children
The presence of lipomas in infants is a fairly common occurrence. It manifests itself due to the inability of the newborn to initially decompose decay products through the sebaceous glands. As a rule, such tumors occur on the face. However, sometimes their localization can be found on the body or in the mouth.
Lipomas that appear in newborns do not pose any danger to them. Do wenes go by themselves? In adults, such cases are extremely rare. Moreover, they occur only with small formations and with active immunity. In newborns, lipomas most often pass, resolving on their own. How to quickly get rid of adipose that appeared on the baby’s body? To do this, you will need to carry out hygiene procedures, adding decoctions prepared on the basis of chamomile and oak bark, taken in a 1: 1 ratio, to the water when bathing. In addition, caring for the skin of the baby, you will need to use only hypoallergenic drugs. It is also important for parents to ensure that the baby does not sweat and is always dry.
What causes white wen on the face not only in infants, but also in older children? There are three reasons for this. Among them:
- processes of active growth of the body, provoking the occurrence of hormonal failure;
- seasonal vitamin deficiency;
- hereditary factors.
Many parents at the sight of the appeared education are trying to learn how to get rid of wen on the body. There are no reasons for excitement with the appearance of lipoma in the baby. Its main danger lies only in the likelihood of it being accidentally damaged by a child. In order to fix the problem, you need to see a doctor. Only they can be recommended for this the most effective measures. Lipomas are eliminated with the help of a special absorbable drug that is injected under the skin. After 2-3 months, the neoplasm will disappear.
The most effective method is the removal of lipomas using a laser or surgical operation. However, these methods are prohibited for children under 5 years of age.
Fat on the face
Very often, a lipoma appears on the eyelids, on the cheeks, under the eyes and on the lips.
The reasons for its growth can be both external and internal factors. Let's consider them in more detail.
- In front of my eyes. Why do wen appear on the eyelids? The development of the skin glands, the use of inappropriate cosmetics, malfunctions of the hormonal background and insufficient observance of hygiene rules can provoke their development.
- Under the eyes. A fat tumor in this area occurs due to an unbalanced diet, blockage of the sebaceous glands, low physical activity, dry skin, hormonal failure or the use of poor-quality hygiene products.
- On the forehead. In this part of the face, lipoma can occur due to pathologies of the kidneys, liver and digestive organs, a hereditary predisposition, metabolic disorders of the body, malfunctioning of the sebaceous glands and disturbances in the functioning of the pituitary gland.
- On the nose. The appearance of wen in this area of the face contributes to an improper metabolism, disruption of the sebaceous ducts, as well as skin care of poor-quality cosmetics.
- On the lips. In this area, the appearance of lipomas provokes a genetic predisposition, smoking, the inclusion of foods with preservatives in the diet, the intake of certain medications, hormonal changes, the use of low-quality skin care products, and an increase in blood cholesterol.
- On the cheek. Here, a lipoma can occur due to heredity, interruptions in metabolic processes, ailments of the endocrine system, kidneys, liver, and also digestive organs. Sweet and fatty foods, which are included in the diet in large quantities, as well as neglect of the observance of personal hygiene rules, sometimes become a provoking factor contributing to the emergence and growth of benign neoplasms.
Facial Lipoma Treatment
As mentioned above, adipose does not carry any threat. However, on the face they are regarded as an unpleasant cosmetic defect, which everyone wants to get rid of as soon as possible. The quickest result in this case can give the procedure of cleaning, puncture and chemical peeling. Laser surgery is also offered to such patients. Where to cut a wen or eliminate it using special procedures? This can be done in the clinic or in any beauty salon. The technique used by the doctor will not only remove the lipoma, but also cleanse the sebaceous glands.
For those people who prefer conservative methods of treatment, a specialist will recommend pharmacy drugs. The most effective of them are balms "Vitaon" and Vishnevsky. A good result is the use of oil with vitamin A.
Unconventional methods also help get rid of wen on the face. Among them, a variety of compresses from mixtures prepared on the basis of red clay, onions, aloe and other components. One should only bear in mind that the desired result in this case will have to wait a very long time.
To get rid of wen on the eyelids, you can consult a doctor for surgical or laser removal of tumors. When choosing a conservative treatment lotions from herbal decoctions and special ointments, as well as the use of teas from herbs will help.
Fat on the body
Sometimes lipomas occur in various parts of the arms, legs, on the back, on the chest and on the stomach.
What are the causes of wen on the body and how to get rid of them?
- On the head. Often a lipoma can be found under the hairline. The reasons for its appearance are similar to those that cause the formation of a similar neoplasm in other parts of the body. If a wen is found on the head, which doctor should I go to? To quickly fix the problem, you will need to make an appointment with the surgeon. If you do not want to remove the wen on your head, which doctor should I go to? To prescribe conservative treatment, consult a physician.
- On the chest. In this part of the body, a tumor in most cases occurs in women. Its main reason is the blockage of the sebaceous glands. Fat on the chest are the most dangerous neoplasms, as they often turn into sarcoma. That is why conservative treatment of such a wen is not provided. You will need to remove it with a laser or surgery.
- In the mammary gland. Among the main causes of lipomas of this localization is considered the age that exceeded the 45-year-old threshold, the intake of various hormonal drugs, wearing tight underwear, stretch marks in the chest area after childbirth, alcohol, smoking, the use of harmful products, chest injuries and low physical activity. The appearance of neoplasms of such a localization should become the reason for contacting a mammologist.
- On the nipple. Small white pimples can occur around the nipples. The factors of their occurrence are similar to those that provoke the growth of lipomas in the chest. To treat such wen, you need to see a mammologist.
- On the back and on the stomach. The causes of adipose tissue of this localization are the same as in other parts of the body. You can eliminate them either in a conservative or operational way.
- On the neck. Such a lipoma is quite dangerous. After all, with an increase in size, it begins to impede movement and breathing. You need to remove it in a clinic or beauty parlor.
- Behind the ear. Such a lipoma has an amazing feature: sometimes it disappears on its own. However, if this did not happen, then it is necessary to consult a specialist who will carry out its laser removal. Surgical intervention is carried out only in case of an inflammatory process that begins in the wen behind the ear .