“Don't complain about pain - that’s the best medicine.” These words belong to Omar Khayyam. It is likely that this is so, if we are talking about mental suffering. If we are talking about diseases of the body, you do not need to complain, you need to help your body. One of the quite effective painkillers at present is Ketorolac injections. Instructions for use contain the most complete information about this medication.
Composition and pharmacodynamics
The drug belongs to non - steroidal anti - inflammatory drugs. Derived from pyrrolysine-carboxylic acid. The main active ingredient is ketorolac tromethamine (1 ml of the solution contains 30 mg), as auxiliary substances such as disodium salt and sodium chloride, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, ethyl rectified spirit, tromethamine.
Ketorolac anesthetics show a pronounced analgesic effect. The anti-inflammatory effect and a moderate antipyretic effect are also characteristic of this drug.
The mechanism of action is based on the suppression of COX activity. This is the main enzyme of arachidonic acid, which, in turn, is the precursor of prostaglandins, which play the "main violin" in the pathogenesis of inflammatory processes, pain and fever.
"Ketorolac" (injections) reviews of medical workers on the strength of the analgesic effect are considered comparable to morphine and significantly superior to other NSAIDs.
Indications for use
The main area of ​​application of this drug is pain syndromes with moderate or severe severity. A medication is used for symptomatic therapy in order to reduce pain and inflammation at the time of administration. It has no effect on the progression of the disease.
This remedy is prescribed in cases of postpartum and postoperative pain. Joint pains provoked by injuries and rupture of ligaments and toothaches can also be effectively treated with these injections.
Ketorolac injections are also recommended by the application for the treatment of dislocations, sprains, muscle pains and back pain. This medication is prescribed for cancer, myalgia, arthralgia, neuralgia.
Contraindications for use
Do not use the drug to treat those patients who have a hypersensitivity to any of the components. The reason for the refusal is also the presence of an “aspirin triad” and hypovolemia (the cause of the disease is not important). Also, "Ketorolac" (injections and tablets) are not prescribed for those who have any erosive and ulcerative lesions of the gastrointestinal tract in the acute stage.
These injections should not be used to treat those who suffer from hemophilia, hypocoagulation and are prone to bleeding or a high risk of their development.
Also a contraindication is the presence of severe forms of renal and liver failure.
“Ketorolac” is not prescribed for use immediately after coronary artery bypass grafting, during the course of the 3rd trimester of pregnancy, during childbirth and lactation. Injections are contraindicated for children under 16 years of age.
Application and dosage
The dose for injection is selected individually, based on the severity of the pain syndrome. Injections "Ketorolac" instructions for use allows you to enter in / m and / in. With the intramuscular method, a single volume is from 10 to 30 mg. The interval between procedures should not be less than 4-6 hours. The maximum course of therapy is 5 days.
The daily dose for i / m administration is 90 mg. However, for patients weighing up to 50 kg, for those suffering from impaired renal function, and for patients over 65, the dosage should not exceed a volume of 60 mg.
To enhance the analgesic effect, injections and Ketorolac tablets in the complex are often prescribed.
Pregnancy, childbirth and lactation: is the use of Ketorolac acceptable?
Injections "Ketorolac" instruction for use prohibits use for the treatment of pregnant women. The use of this medication is possible only for health reasons, when the expected positive effect for the mother outweighs the potential risk for the baby.
If for any reason there is a need to be treated with Ketorolac during lactation, you should discuss with the doctor the issue of refusal from breastfeeding.
Medical experts also do not recommend the use of "Ketorolac" for sedation, supporting anesthesia and analgesia of labor, since this medication can prolong the course of the first stage of labor. In addition, Ketorolac can inhibit the effect on uterine contractility and blood circulation in a child.
Possible adverse events
Side effects on Ketorolac injections, the use of which was described above, are also quite diverse and can follow from a variety of body systems. The gastrointestinal tract can most often respond with the development of diarrhea and the appearance of symptoms of gastralgia. Less often you can hear about constipation, vomiting, flatulence, the development of ulcerative foci.
The urinary system rarely responds to Ketorolac, but here you can also hear about hematuria, lower back pain, nephritis and edema of the renal origin.
Also quite rarely, in response to injections, the respiratory organs (bronchospasm, rhinitis, swelling of the lungs and larynx) and the sensory organs (visual impairment, impaired auditory perception, tinnitus) declare themselves.
Often, patients talk about the reaction of the central nervous system to Ketorolac, manifested by drowsiness, dizziness, headaches. Less commonly, one can hear about the symptoms of aseptic meningitis and hyperactivity, the appearance of psychoses and hallucinations.
From time to time, information appears on undesirable manifestations of the cardiovascular system (increased blood pressure), hematopoiesis system (leukopenia, anemia), hemostasis system (bleeding - nose, rectal, postoperative).
Often patients talk about the appearance of edema of the face, legs, ankles, fingers, weight gain, increased sweating.
Excess dose
Symptoms of an overdose for the drug "Ketorolac" (an injection in a vein or intramuscularly made once) is most often expressed in pain in the abdomen, nausea and vomiting. Also, patients and health workers talk about possible erosive and ulcerative lesions of the digestive tract, impaired renal function, metabolic acidosis (develops due to the accumulation of acidic products in the tissues, their insufficient binding or destruction).
Therapy in such cases is symptomatic and is aimed at maintaining important body functions. Hemodialysis will not give a significant effect.
What to look for?
Before starting treatment with Ketorolac, it is important to find out if there have been previously recorded cases of allergic manifestations of the drug or other NSAIDs. The first injection is preferably carried out in the presence of a doctor (in order to avoid allergies).
If such a need arises, you can use "Ketorolac" (injections) in combination with narcotic analgesics. Patients suffering from abnormalities in blood coagulation, "Ketorolac" is prescribed for use only with the condition of constant monitoring of platelet count. This is a particularly pressing issue for people who have undergone surgery and require careful monitoring of hemostasis.
In people with chronic diseases and pain, an increase in the treatment period can cause the development of drug complications.
In the process of treatment with Ketorolac, it is important to be careful when driving and avoid potentially dangerous types of work associated with increased attention and increased speed of psychomotor reactions.
Interaction with other drugs
Concurrent administration of Ketorolac with paracetamol enhances the nephrotoxicity of the former. Often patients are interested in the question of whether it is possible to combine Dicloberl and Ketorolac injections. The answer is negative: the combination of Ketorolac with any other NSAIDs increases the likelihood of ulceration of the gastrointestinal mucosa and can cause gastrointestinal bleeding.
Concurrent use with anticoagulants, antiplatelet drugs, valproic and acetylsalicylic acids, cephalosporins increases the likelihood of bleeding.
"Ketorolac" reduces the effectiveness of drugs that lower blood pressure, and diuretics. Methotrexate increases the hepato- and nephrotoxicity of Ketorolac. The same effect will be with a parallel intake with any other nephrotoxic drugs. Medicines that block tubular secretion lower the clearance of Ketorolac and thereby increase its concentration in plasma.
In addition, Ketorolac injections increase the effectiveness of narcotic analgesics .
Medicines - analogues and price range
A sufficiently large number of drugs similar in effect to the human body is available from the Ketorolac preparation (injections). Instructions for use analogues are described for each form of release, i.e., for injection and for tablets. Among the most well-known and popular solutions for injection for consumers, you can specify such medicines as Ketanov, Ketalgin, Ketorol, Ketofril, Ketorolac-Exmo, Ketorolac-Tromethamine, Dolak, Dolomin, "Toradol."
As for the price, the cost of a package of 10 ampoules with a dosage of 30 mg / ml ranges from 63 to 144 rubles.
Consumer Reviews
Most consumers are very satisfied with the effect. Positive results are observed in most variants of pain, in which the instructions for use recommend the treatment with Ketorolac. Injections reviews of female patients are characterized as very effective for menstrual pain. In general, injections were used for toothaches, and for anesthetizing the process of movement of stones in the kidneys, and in the postoperative period, and in many other cases.
The positive effect of the medication significantly alleviated the condition of the patients, however, side effects did occur. So, a separate group of people talks about the appearance of skin reactions and abdominal pain. However, this does not detract from its high effectiveness as a painkiller and anti-inflammatory agent.
In addition to the foregoing, patients are satisfied with the price of Ketorolac injections, which is significantly lower than the cost of almost all of its analogues.
The opinion of experts
Doctors' opinions about the Ketorolac medication also have both positive and negative sides. The bulk of experts believe that if you follow all the recommendations that the instruction contains for the Ketorolac medication (injections), then this NSAID will perform all its functions with the proper positive effect and will not cause the development of side effects.
The drug does not penetrate into the cerebrospinal fluid, since it is a drug of limited exposure - only in the area of ​​inflammation. The addictive effect is also absent.
As for the negative responses from experts, it can be said that a separate group of doctors believes that Ketorolac has a weak anti-inflammatory effect. Doctors also talk about a negative effect on the pancreas (provoking the development of diabetes) and on the functioning of the kidneys.
In general, we can say that following the instructions and following the recommendations of the attending doctor will allow you to get the most positive effect from the use of Ketorolac injections without the risk of developing serious side effects.