Inflammation in the nose is a characteristic sign of the development of rhinitis - a pathological process known to the people by the definition of a runny nose. Often the phenomenon makes itself felt against the background of another, basic ailment. There are a number of causes of inflammation in the sinuses. The trouble can be bacterial, viral, immune, allergic, mechanical in nature. To prevent the disease from becoming a dangerous chronic form, it is important to timely resort to high-quality, targeted therapy. How to treat inflammation in the nose?
The mechanism of development of the disease
The sinus membranes are responsible for several functions. Inhaled air passes through these structures, which is moistened, warmed, and purified. At the same time, tissues are capable of being attacked by an entire mass of pathogens. Inflammation in the nose can occur against the background of contact with pathogenic microorganisms, cold air, dust, various kinds of allergens, irritating substances of a synthetic nature. Despite the cause of the problem, the mechanism of the development of the disease always has common features.
Tissues of the mucous membranes of the sinuses are mottled with a network of blood vessels. The functions of the latter are inhibited by pathological factors. There is a deterioration in blood circulation. A copious amount of lymph stagnates in the surrounding structures. The result is inflammation of the mucous membrane in the nose, difficulty breathing. A significant amount of fluid is formed, which gradually leaves the respiratory tract.
Causes
Among the common causes of inflammation in the nose, the following can be noted:
- Hypothermia of the body.
- Inhalation of dusty, gassed air.
- Specific reactions to the action of certain substances in the composition of medications.
- Contact with all kinds of allergens.
- Traumatic effects on sinus tissue.
Characteristic symptoms
The inflammation in the nose that accompanies the development of rhinitis is characterized by the appearance of copious discharge of a watery character. The patient suffers from a burning sensation and dryness in the structure of local tissues. Partial loss of smell is observed. A pathological phenomenon is accompanied by redness of the wings of the nose.
In the later stages, the symptoms may be supplemented by other discomfort. In the case of chronic runny nose, headaches are often noted. The course of the disease is accompanied by rapid physical fatigue, a feeling of drowsiness. Inflamed mucous membranes interfere with normal breathing. Accordingly, the quality of sleep is deteriorating.
Types of disease
There are several varieties of rhinitis:
- Catarrhal. Inflammatory processes occur against the background of bacterial and viral infections, high air pollution, seasonal inhibition of the protective functions of the body.
- Vasomotor manifests itself in people who suffer from impaired vascular tone, hypotension, endocrine pathologies.
- Allergic - a seasonal phenomenon that occurs in response to the inhalation of plant pollen, dust, and other specific substances concentrated in airspace.
- Atrophic. Inflammation of the tissues of the nasal sinuses can be triggered by a deficiency of vitamins, various mechanical influences.
- Medication occurs due to the uncontrolled use of drugs, tranquilizers.
Vasoconstrictor treatment
How to relieve inflammation in the nose? A good solution is the use of narrowing blood vessels drops and sprays against rhinitis. Such drugs relieve swelling in the sinuses that conduct air. The result is an unlocking of breathing through the nose. The formation of new mucus is slowed down.
The most effective vasoconstrictor drugs are:
- "Naphthyzine";
- "Rinonorm";
- "Nazivin";
- Knoxpray
- "For carrying";
- "Farmazolin";
- "Sanorin."
The duration of action of these medicines, on average, is about 4 hours. Doctors do not recommend using such medicines for more than one week. Since local tissues are able to get used to the action of active substances and fall into a peculiar dependence.
Tablets
The treatment of inflammation in the nose can be performed by taking a number of effective tablets. A proven option is Sinupret. Doctors often prescribe the use of a medication in order to eliminate inflammation in the nasopharynx with rhinitis. The product has a safe herbal composition. The main active ingredients are extracts of elderberry, gentian, primrose, verbena, sage. The medicine is prohibited for use in the treatment of inflammation in the nose of a child under the age of 3 years.
Removing inflammation in the airways allows the use of Rinopront tablets. The medication eliminates the manifestations of the common cold in the shortest possible time. The medicine strengthens the capillary walls, preventing mucus from filling the sinuses. The use of tablets is not recommended for pregnant women and people who suffer from the consequences of the development of arterial hypertension.
To relieve swelling in the tissues of the nasal sinuses, it is worth using Coldact tablets. The medicine is able to remove the symptoms of rhinitis, other cold-related diseases in a short time, the course of which is accompanied by inflammation, stagnation of mucus in the airways. The use of the medication is contraindicated in pregnant women, children under the age of 12 years, hypertension.
Sinus Lavage
When purulent inflammation in the nose is observed, it is worth performing a sinus rinse. A suitable solution is to use a solution of sea salt. A few teaspoons of the substance are dissolved in a glass of warm water, a couple of drops of iodine are added. The composition is poured into the nose through one nostril, from the other it will pour out. An alternative to such a medicine is a ready-made pharmacy solution based on sea water.
Thanks to the procedure, purulent masses are effectively washed out of the sinuses. Local tissues undergo high-quality disinfection. Over time, a stagnant, viscous secret comes out, freeing breathing.
Antihistamines
It is advisable to use drugs of a presented nature if inflammation in the tissues of the nasal sinuses occurs as a result of exposure to allergens. It is recommended to use medicines of a new generation, which do not cause side effects in the form of arrhythmia, drowsiness, and other discomfort. Among the best antihistamines that can eliminate swelling in the nose in a short time, it is worth highlighting Zirtek, Zodak, Tsetrin, Allergodil.
Physiotherapeutic procedures
The use of a set of physiotherapeutic solutions helps to eliminate inflammation of the nasal mucous membranes:
- UHF therapy. The essence of the method is to expose the tissue to high intensity electromagnetic radiation. Doctors prescribe a procedure in case of acute and chronic course of the disease.
- UV therapy. The effect of ultraviolet radiation on tissues allows the destruction of pathogenic microorganisms that multiply in the tissues of the respiratory tract. The procedure is indicated for the development of rhinitis of an infectious nature.
- Laser therapy is an effective method that makes it possible to improve patency of the sinuses in a short time. Under the influence of such radiation, pathological cells “evaporate” from the tissues, and an excessively developed network of capillaries returns to normal.
Folk remedies
Inflammation in the nose perfectly removes inhalation. Pour boiled water into the pan. Add a teaspoon of pharmacy chamomile, mint, bay leaf, sage and eucalyptus. Lean over the container and inhale the aromatic fumes, covering your head with a towel. Breathe in fumes for 5-10 minutes. Be careful not to burn your nasal passages.
Another proven folk method will help relieve inflammation. Combine a tablespoon of liquid honey and grated horseradish. Add a similar amount of rye flour. Make a cake on the basis of the mixture. Lay the last in the nose. Hold the product until a slight burning sensation occurs. Perform the procedure daily, shortly before going to bed.
With inflammation of the nasal sinuses, self-prepared drops based on aloe juice help well. Pour a few large shoots of the plant with boiled water. Cut the peel, pass the pulp through a meat grinder. From the resulting mass, squeeze the juice through cheesecloth. Dilute the substance with water in a proportion of 1:10. Bury the product in the nose 3-4 times a day.
To remove inflammation, prepare a healing ointment. Take 500 g of butter. Place the product in an enameled saucepan and heat over low heat for 30-40 minutes. Cool to room temperature, drain into a jar and refrigerate. Soak the ointment here for a day. Then melt a teaspoon of the resulting ointment in a water bath. Cool the medicine slightly and drip a few drops in the sinuses. Perform the procedure 2-3 times a day. As practice shows, inflamed tissues begin to bounce back about a week after the start of such treatment.