In the article, we consider the instructions and shelf life of Analgin.
This pharmacological agent is a non-narcotic painkiller that has analgesic, antipyretic and antispasmodic properties.
Composition and release forms
What is the active substance "Analgin"?
This drug is produced in several dosage forms - tablets, injection solutions and rectal suppositories.
The composition of the drug in the form of tablets is metamizole sodium, additional substances - powdered sugar, talc, calcium stearate, potato starch.
The composition of injection solutions contains the main substance - metamizole sodium and auxiliary - injection water.
The price of "Analgin" in ampoules is quite reasonable.
The composition of rectal suppositories includes the main element - metamizole sodium, and an additional substance in the form of solid fat.
Tablets are packed in blisters of 10 pieces, one or two blisters in cardboard packages. Injection solutions are available in glass ampoules of 2 ml or 1 ml, which are packaged in cardboard boxes. Rectal suppositories - in dosages of 250 and 100 mg, 10 pieces in cardboard packages.
Why do Analgin tablets help? Let's figure it out.
The medicinal product represents a pharmacological group of analgesics-antipyretics from the category of medications NSAIDs - pyrazolones.
Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics
The principle of action of metamizole is similar to the mechanism of action of other NSAIDs. The basic substance indiscriminately suppresses the activity of COX enzymes that are involved in the synthesis of prostanoids, reduces the formation of certain Pg, endoperoxides, bradykinins and free radicals, and inhibits lipid peroxidation.
The effect of this drug cannot be considered absolute, as is the case with other NSAIDs, since it can be blocked during stimulation of receptors that provoke inflammation.
The medicine prevents the conduct of exteroceptive and proprioceptive impulses along the Gaulle and Burdach beams, increases the threshold of excitability of the center of pain sensitivity in the thalamus and the intensity of heat transfer.
If we talk about the anti-inflammatory activity of metamizole as the main element of this medication, it is slightly expressed, as a result of which the medication has almost no effect on water and electrolyte metabolism (delay of Na + ions and water), mucous membranes of the digestive canals.
"Analgin" is very effective for menstruation.
In addition to stopping the pain, the drug helps to reduce the temperature with the development of hyperthermia and has a slight antispasmodic effect (for example, relieves smooth muscle spasms of the urinary and biliary tract).
The effect of the use of metamizole occurs after about 20-50 minutes, and its maximum severity is observed after two hours.
Not everyone knows why Analgin tablets are used.
The results of the analysis of the effectiveness of using such an agent as “Aspirin” and “Analgin” against elevated temperatures have proved that the antipyretic activity of the main substance “Analgin” is lower than that of “Aspirin”, however, it is significantly higher if this drug is compared with such like Paracetamol and Ibuprofen. Analgesic efficacy with the use of metamizole is also more pronounced than with these medications.
This pharmaceutical substance is rapidly absorbed from the digestive system. In the intestinal cavity, it undergoes hydrolysis with the formation of a therapeutically active metabolite. In unchanged form, metamizole sodium in the blood is not observed (low concentrations of the substance are observed in plasma only with intramuscular injections of this drug). The metabolite binds to plasma proteins by approximately 50-65%.
Metamizole undergoes a metabolic process in the liver, and its excretion is carried out through the kidneys. The elimination half-life is 1-4 hours. The substance is capable of penetrating into breast milk.
The shelf life of Analgin must be respected.
Indications for use
The main effect of the main substance is anesthetic, which allows you to use this medication to stop the pain syndrome of various etiologies. Scope of the medicinal product:
- headache, menstrual and toothache (“Analgin” is indispensable for menstruation);
- pain associated with pathological conditions such as sciatica, neuralgia, myalgia, colic (intestinal, hepatic or renal);
- pain syndrome with myocardial infarction, thrombosis of the main vessels;
- pain with stratified aortic aneurysm;
- soreness in various inflammatory processes (lumbago, myocarditis, pneumonia, myocarditis, pleurisy, etc.);
- pain when getting burns and injuries;
- pain with decompression sickness, tumor formation;
- pain during esophageal perforation, orchitis, shingles, pancreatitis, priapism, peritonitis, post-transfusion complications.
Can I give "Analgin" to children? This is a common question.
Other indications for the use of the medical product "Analgin" may be:
- rheumatism;
- chorea;
- arthralgia;
- fever syndrome with insect bites and urological, infectious or purulent diseases in the acute stage.
The use of this medication is resorted to when other therapeutic measures do not help in order to alleviate intense pain (acute or chronic).
Injection solution
The medicine "Analgin" in ampoules is prescribed in exceptional situations: when the enteral use of the drug is impossible, to eliminate very strong postoperative pain, in cases where it is necessary to quickly bring down the temperature. Sometimes (quite rarely) injections are used in the treatment of osteochondrosis and arthritis.
In case of pain syndrome of moderate intensity (for example, with cephalgia), it is usually enough to take a pill.
What is the price of “Analgin” in ampoules?
This drug costs about 70 rubles in ampoules. The price of tablets is 30-50 rubles. It depends on the region and the pharmacy network.
Suppositories
This dosage form of a medical product is intended for the treatment of children older than one year. In childhood, it is advisable to use this medication in case of severe toothache and headache, pain when getting burns, as well as with myositis and neuralgia. Suppositories for pain in the postoperative period are also very effective.
The shelf life of Analgin depends on the form of release.
Contraindications
The instructions for the use of this pharmacological agent describe the following pathological and natural conditions in which the use of this medication is contraindicated:
- high sensitivity to metamizole, as well as to pyrozalidins and pyrazolone derivatives (the medication is not prescribed, including for people who have revealed the phenomena of agranulocytosis during the use of these drugs), as well as to additional components of the tablets;
- history of bronchial aspirin asthma ;
- intolerance to NSAIDs or simple analgesics;
- bone marrow depression or a pathological condition of the hematopoietic system;
- hereditary or congenital form of hemolytic anemia, which is caused by a deficiency of cytosolic enzymes;
- intermittent acute porphyria;
- arterial hypotension or unstable hemodynamics;
- suspected surgical pathology in the acute course.
In pediatric practice, this medication in tablet form is used only from the age of ten, in the form of suppositories in children after one year.
Intramuscularly, this medicine can not be prescribed to children up to three months, as well as weighing up to 5 kg. Contraindication for intravenous injection of Analgin is age from 3 to 12 months.
Side effects
Adverse reactions from the use of the drug "Analgin" are manifested in the form of:
- granulocytopenia;
- agranulocytosis;
- thrombocytopenia;
- hemorrhages;
- lowering blood pressure;
- symptoms of hypersensitivity;
- interstitial jade.
Tablet dosage regimen
When used in tablets, dosages are selected depending on the intensity of the pain syndrome and individual reactions of the body to therapeutic measures. The most optimal is the use of a minimum dosage that controls fever and pain.
The tablets are swallowed whole and washed down with liquid. For an adult with a weight of more than 55 kg, a single dose of the drug is 1-2 tablets. If a single dose is not enough, the maximum single dose (two tablets) is allowed to be taken three times a day. The safe daily dosage limit is 8 tablets.
With toothache, medication begins with half the pill. If this dose does not help to eliminate the pain, you can take the remaining half.
The mode of application and dosage of injectable solutions
The dosage of "Analgin" in ampoules is selected depending on the severity of fever, pain, age and weight of the patient, as well as individual reactions to treatment. It should be minimal, but at the same time allowing to remove the manifestations of pain and other pathological conditions.
A single dosage of “Analgin” on temperature for patients weighing more than 55 kg ranges from 500 mg to 1 g. This means that for one injection you need to take 1-2 ml of solution. If necessary, a single dose is increased to 5 ml of solution. The permissible daily dosage of “Analgin” injections is 5 g.
The medicine is administered intravenously or intramuscularly only in those cases when it is necessary to quickly achieve the desired effect. With parenteral administration, the risk of developing anaphylactoid reactions is higher than with oral administration or the use of suppositories.
In children under one year old, the solution is allowed only for intramuscular administration. At the same time, the temperature of this solution should correspond as much as possible to body temperature.
As a solvent, you can use a complex solution of Ringer's lactate, a glucose solution or a solution of sodium chloride.
Due to the alleged incompatibility, the Analgin medication in the form of a solution is not recommended for use in the general system for infusion or in a common syringe with other medicines.
"Analgin-quinine"
The difference between the drug "Analgin-quinine" and the usual "Analgin" is that in addition to the main substance, it contains quinine, due to which this medicine has a pronounced effect against malaria pathogens - unicellular parasites Plasmodium by inhibiting DNA replication, in which the substance inhibits the development of malaria plasmodium. In addition, it has antipyretic and analgesic properties.
Quinine suppresses the center of thermoregulation, which is located in the hypothalamus, and if it is used in high doses, the auditory and visual zones of the hemispheres.
The medicine is prescribed for pain of various origins, for inflammatory pathologies, and also (in combination with antispasmodics) for renal and biliary colic.
Often this drug is used in gynecology, after abortion and childbirth.
The period of action of the drug "Analgin"
After taking the medicine, it begins to act in about twenty to fifty minutes. To achieve the highest effect, two hours are needed. The effectiveness of the drug when injected develops much faster.
additional information
In elderly people, as well as in patients with impaired renal function, the medicine is used in lower dosages, since the metabolites of the main substance are eliminated more slowly than in young patients, as well as in those whose kidneys function normally.
With reduced hepatic or renal function, high doses should be avoided. Without a reduction in dosage, exclusively short-term use of this drug is possible.
Patients receiving this medication for a long time should take blood tests to monitor white blood cell count.
Blood pressure while taking the medication
The instructions indicate that taking metamizole is associated with a risk of hypotension, as well as sensitivity reactions. In this regard, the feasibility of using this pharmacological agent in a dose above 1 g requires an assessment of risk / benefit ratios.
The solution is administered under the supervision of a specialist in a prone position.
To prevent a decrease in pressure and to ensure the possibility of stopping the introduction of the solution in the event of anaphylactic reactions, intravenous “Analgin” should be administered as slowly as possible.
To reduce the adverse effect of the drug on the mucous membranes of the stomach, it is recommended to replace "Analgin" with the drug "Analgin Ultra". These pills are less irritating to the digestive organs.
The use of a mixture of "Analgin" with "Diphenhydramine"
The combination of these medications is used only in critical situations when it is necessary to bring down a high temperature (including children in infancy).
One of the effective remedies for hyperthermia, which other medicines cannot cope with, is the injection of “triad”, which includes Diphenhydramine, Papaverine, and Analgin. After intramuscular injection of such a mixture, the temperature decreases within fifteen minutes.
The dosage of a 50% solution of the Analgin drug for the manufacture of the lytic mixture is determined at the rate of 10 mg / kg.
Overdose symptoms
An overdose of the Analgin medication can occur in the form of the following conditions:
- pronounced decrease in pressure;
- hypothermia;
- cardiopalmus;
- dyspnea;
- noise in ears;
- nausea;
- vomiting
- excessive weakness;
- impaired consciousness, delusional state;
- drowsiness;
- convulsive syndrome.
The risk of developing hemorrhagic syndromes, liver or kidney failure, acute agranulocytosis is not excluded.
The lethal dosage in tablets is from 15 to 20 grams.
Overdose treatment implies urgent measures: gastric lavage, induction of vomiting, use of enterosorbents and saline laxatives, alkalization of urine, forced diuresis. Subsequently, therapy is aimed at regulating impaired organ functions.
The shelf life of "Analgin" is indicated in the instructions.
Drug interaction
The effect of this pharmacological drug is enhanced by substances such as caffeine, H2 antihistamines, barbiturates. Slowing inactivation of the main substance contributes to "Propranolol."
The use of the drug in combination with sarcolysin and tiamazole can cause leukopenia. With simultaneous administration with sedatives and tranquilizers, the analgesic effect of metamizole is enhanced.
The simultaneous use with NSAIDs or antipyretics can provoke a mutual increase in toxicity, and use with phenothiazine derivatives can increase the temperature.
In combination with myelotoxic drugs, the hematotoxicity of Analgin increases, which enhances the activity of hypoglycemic drugs and indirect anticoagulants. In addition, it reduces the concentration of cyclosporine.
Expiration date of "Analgin"
The shelf life of the tablet form of this medicine is 5 years. In the form of a solution and suppositories, it can be stored for 3 years.
The shelf life of the Analgin solution after opening is no more than a day.