Instructions for ampules "Ditsinona" will allow you to quickly deal with this drug. Before using it, as in the case of any potent drug, it should be understood in which situations its use is permissible, as well as being able to navigate the existing dosages. It will not be superfluous to know the reviews of patients and doctors who have already encountered Dicinon and can tell what effect it has produced on them. We will talk about all this and much more in this article.
About the drug
From the instructions on the Dicinon ampoules you can find out that this is a hemostatic drug that can significantly increase the formation of higher molecular weight mucopolysaccharides in the capillary walls, as well as the stability of the capillaries themselves. This allows you to normalize their permeability in pathological processes and improve microcirculation, which positively affects the human body as a whole.
Due to the hemostatic effect, thromboplastin is activated at the sites of damage to small vessels.
Also, the drug stimulates the formation of coagulation factor, leads to a normal state of platelet adhesion. However, it does not affect prothrombin time, does not contribute to the formation of blood clots and does not have hypercoagulation properties.
According to the instructions for the use of "Dicinon" in ampoules, when administered intravenously, the effect occurs very quickly in the interval from five to fifteen minutes. The maximum concentration of the drug in the blood occurs approximately one hour after its introduction into the body. The total duration of action is from four to six hours.
Pharmacokinetics
After getting the drug inside, the action of the “Dicinon” ampoule comes very quickly. The instructions specify that the drug is absorbed into the blood almost completely.
The main active ingredient is ethamylate, which penetrates the placental barrier and is excreted from the body using breast milk. At the same time, about 72 percent of the drug from the total volume of the administered dose is excreted from the body by the kidneys during the first day almost unchanged.
Indications for use
According to the instructions, the indication for Dicinon ampoules is the treatment of capillary bleeding of various origins. In some cases, doctors recommend taking this medication as a preventive measure.
Here is a list of the most common diseases and conditions when, according to the instructions for the use of "Dicinon" in ampoules, this drug is most often used:
- During surgical operations on any vascularized tissue, as well as immediately after completion of surgical intervention. This drug is common for diseases associated with gynecology, otorhinolaryngology, urology, obstetrics, ophthalmology, dentistry, as well as plastic surgery.
- Often this drug is indispensable for metrorrhagia, hematuria, primary menorrhagia or menorrhagia in women, provided that there is intrauterine contraception, as well as bleeding gums and nosebleeds.
- Saves "Ditsinon" from intracranial hemorrhage in premature infants and newborns.
- The drug is highly effective in diabetic microangiopathy, especially with repeated retinal hemorrhages, hemorrhagic diabetic retinopathy, hemophthalmia.
Perhaps the most common form of release for this drug is a solution that is used for intramuscular and intravenous administration, that is, injections in ampoules are necessary. Also in pharmacies you can find tablets of 250 mg each.
Dosage
Indications and dosages in the instructions for ampules "Ditsinona" are prescribed in sufficient detail. For adult patients, the optimal dose throughout the day is considered to be from 10 to 20 mg per kilogram of weight. In this case, it must be divided into three or four injections. They are given intravenously (in this case, the injections should be slow) or intramuscularly.
During surgical interventions for adults, "Dicinon" in ampoules is administered as a prophylaxis. The instructions for use intramuscularly or intravenously advise doing this. In this case, the required dose is from 250 to 500 mg one hour before surgery. During the operation, the substance is administered again, also from 250 to 500 mg. If necessary, repeat the injection.
Finally, according to the instructions of the "Dicinon" ampoules, the dosage after completion of surgical intervention should be 250-500 mg every six hours. Injections are done until the signs of bleeding disappear completely.
According to the instructions of the Dicinon ampoules, the daily dose for minors should not exceed ten to fifteen mg per kilogram of body weight. It should also be divided into three or four introductions.
Actively this drug is used in neonatology. In this case, the drug is administered intravenously or intramuscularly in a volume of twelve and a half mg per kilogram. Treatment with "Dicinon" can be carried out two hours after the birth of the baby.
If the drug is mixed with saline, it should be administered immediately.
Side effects
Like any powerful medicine, Dicinon has a number of side effects that you should be prepared for if you use this medicine.
Here is a list of the most common conditions that you encounter when using it:
- dizziness;
- Strong headache;
- nausea;
- paresthesia of the lower extremities;
- heartburn;
- allergic reaction;
- severity in the epigastric region;
- a significant decrease in systolic blood pressure;
- hyperemia of the skin of the face of the patient.
Contraindications
There are contraindications, in the presence of which the use of the drug is strictly prohibited. These include:
- hemoblastosis in juvenile patients, including myeloid or lymphoblastic leukemia, osteosarcoma;
- acute porphyria;
- thromboembolism;
- thrombosis;
- hypersensitivity to sodium sulfite and other active components of the drug.
Use during pregnancy and lactation
During pregnancy, the use of this drug is permissible only if the existing potential benefit of the treatment of the mother outweighs the likely negative risk for the unborn child.
If the drug is prescribed during the period of breastfeeding, it is necessary to quickly decide on the termination of natural feeding, since a significant dose of this potent drug will be excreted in breast milk.
special instructions
According to the instructions for the Dicinon ampoules, immediately before treatment, other causes of bleeding should be excluded. Only in this case, the use of this drug can be considered reasonable and justified.
If this drug is prescribed in tablets, it should be borne in mind that it contains 60.5 mg of lactose, and the maximum dose of this substance for the human body should not exceed five grams per day. The drug should not be prescribed to patients with lactase deficiency or congenital glucose intolerance, as well as with glucose-galactose syndrome.
Please note that the use of the drug is categorically unacceptable when signs of staining appear. In such a situation, one should abandon both intramuscular and intravenous methods of administration.
In general, the solution is intended only for use in clinics and while in hospital care. Using it at home is not recommended. At the same time, it can be applied locally. To do this, a gauze napkin or sterile swab is abundantly soaked with a solution and applied to the wound. This is true in case of tooth extraction or skin grafts.
No special precautions should be taken when controlling machinery and driving vehicles.
Interaction with other drugs
You should know how "Dicinon" will interact with certain drugs. When administered in a volume of 10 mg per kilogram of body weight, the antiplatelet effect of dextrans is prevented. Moreover, the use of "Dicinon" after ingestion of dextrans into the body neutralizes its hemostatic effect.
At the same time, the drug is well combined with sodium menadione bisulfite and aminocaproic acid.
Pharmaceutical interaction
Being in the same syringe, "Ditsinon" is considered incompatible with any other medicines.
In particular, with a solution of sodium lactate and sodium bicarbonate used for injection.
Analogs
In the instructions for the “Dicinon” ampoule, the analogue that is most often used when this medicine is unavailable or impossible to use is Ethamsylate and its derivatives.
Ethamsylate is an antihemorrhagic agent that actively improves microcirculation and normalizes the permeability of the vascular wall. Its effect is associated with a significant effect on the formation of thromboplastin. However, it does not affect prothrombin time, does not contribute to the formation of blood clots and does not have hypercoagulation properties. In this regard, it is often much preferable to many other similar drugs.
When a drug enters the body, it begins to act in about five to fifteen minutes if an intravenous injection has been given. The maximum effect can be achieved in one to two hours. The total duration of action is from four to six hours.
This drug is used in the treatment and prevention of capillary bleeding that occurs in diabetic angiopathies. Also during surgical interventions in ophthalmology, otolaryngological practice, urology, dentistry, gynecology and surgery.
Its widespread use in emergency cases with hemorrhagic diathesis and pulmonary hemorrhage.
It is forbidden to use this drug for thromboembolism, thrombosis, hypersensitivity to etamsylate itself. Among the side effects, the following negative conditions are distinguished:
- headache;
- heartburn;
- dizziness;
- a feeling of heaviness in the epigastric region;
- hyperemia of the face;
- paresthesia of the lower extremities;
- decrease in systolic blood pressure.
During pregnancy, its use is allowed only if the predicted effect of the treatment exceeds the potential risk to the newborn. During lactation, breastfeeding should be urgently stopped. As you can see, in many moments this drug is similar to Dicinon, they have approximately the same side effects and contraindications.
Reviews
Before taking this medication, it is important to understand not only the instructions of the Dicinon ampoules and analogues, the reviews of patients and doctors are no less important.
It shows high efficiency if necessary to urgently or systemically stop the bleeding. For example, it is prescribed to inject it intramuscularly with hemoptysis, as well as during operations.
After studying the instructions of the “Dicinon” vials and reviews, you can conclude that this is actually an effective tool that can help even in difficult cases.