Massage and gymnastics with hip dysplasia are an integral part of the treatment process. This pathology is congenital and is characterized by the inferiority of the joint formed as a result of its improper development. In the absence of timely and proper treatment, a subluxation or dislocation of the femur can occur. As a result, the child becomes disabled.
General recommendations
Parents are advised to do massage for hip dysplasia only when the child is in a good mood and is ready to play. For carrying out the procedure, to make it more convenient, a changing table or chest of drawers is suitable. It is not recommended that more than one session during the day, so that the baby does not overexert.
The entire course consists of 15 procedures. Treatment must be complete and comprehensive. Therefore, massage for hip dysplasia involves 2-3 courses, between which they maintain an interval of 45 days. It is recommended to lay a diaper under the baby for the duration of the procedure, which can absorb moisture so that it is not wet if urination occurs.
Relaxing Massage Technique
Depending on whether the baby is lying on its back or stomach, it is necessary to act in different ways. Movements can be performed in any order. If the baby wants to look at you, then you need light, stroking movements, walk along the arms and legs, chest, stomach. After this, you can begin to slowly rub the same parts of the body, and in the end, stroking is done again.
When the baby turns over on his tummy, it is necessary to bend the legs and spread them apart, while stroking and rubbing. Be sure to use the zone of the lower back, back and buttocks (light patting is allowed here). Then directly massage the hip joint and the outside of the thigh. In conclusion, do stroking of these zones.
Therapeutic gymnastics in pathology
Exercise therapy can be performed in a hospital or at home. In the latter case, it is imperative that parents initially complete the course. An orthopedist or a pediatrician should help with this. Like massage for hip dysplasia, simple gymnastic exercises will be invaluable in complex treatment.
Best if mom will do the procedure at home. It is worth choosing a time when the child is in a good mood. It is allowed to carry out manipulations 3-4 times a day. The complex is as follows:
- The child is on his stomach in a frog pose. You need to take the heel and pull it to the buttocks.
- Alternately bending the legs in the knees and hips.
- The child is lying on his back, and the parent spreads his legs to the sides (they are straight).
- The legs in the hips and knees are bent, and at the time of breeding the limbs, you need to try to get the surface of the table with them.
- The legs are bent at the knees, they need to be moved apart as the "opening of the book."
- Raising straight legs to the baby's head.
Massage for hip dysplasia is done in all, even very small hospitals. This is due to the widespread pathology. A similar disorder is diagnosed in every seventh child. To prevent the development of complications, it is important to start treatment as early as possible.
The main components of exercise therapy
Massage for hip dysplasia in newborns will be effective only with several professional courses. On average, the interval between them is 3-4 months. In addition to this, you should study at home with your child. There are two types of exercises: massage and gymnastic. The first are done once a day, and the second - 2 to 3 times.
You need to do it regularly, otherwise the level of treatment effectiveness is reduced. It is forbidden to engage with the baby immediately after eating. Even when carrying out the procedure by a professional, the mother should be next to the child. It is important to massage the children with hip dysplasia with clean hands, without rings and with short-cropped nails.
For better glide, you should use natural oils that do not cause allergies, such as peach or sunflower. The massage is based on rubbing, stroking and spiral movements. The child must be handled carefully so as not to injure delicate skin.
Gymnastics training
Before any gymnastic exercises the child must be prepared. Otherwise, there is a risk of doing more harm than good. You can start with a light massage of the outer surface of the thighs. This improves the blood circulation in the pathological area, and muscles are heated.
The child needs to be put on his back, and then with soft, but confident movements, stroking the skin in a circle. The duration of the procedure is within five minutes. After this, with the application of moderate force, you can grind the affected joint. For this, circular and direct movements are used.
The preparatory massage for dysplasia of the hip joints in infants is completed with the study of the lumbar zone. Thanks to this, blood circulation will also improve, and the child will be prepared for the following exercises. On average, it takes about 15 to 20 minutes to warm up.
What rules must be followed
If it is planned to perform children's massage with hip dysplasia at the initial stage, then the doctor should initially examine the baby. In the case of a complicated form of the disease, tires will be additionally used, and the wide swaddling technique is also widely used.
The following rules must be followed:
- you need to deal only on a hard surface;
- before class, put a diaper under the child;
- the baby should not want to sleep or eat;
- if the baby is tired, classes stop or take a break;
- no need to give immediately increased load;
- It is forbidden to carry out the movement to the end if at the same time the tire or swaddling is shifted.
It will be enough for newborns to spend three full circles every day. Thanks to this, it will be possible to cope with the pathology, as well as to avoid the development of negative consequences. At each stage do 15 exercises.
The complex of basic movements
Therapeutic massage for dysplasia of the joints includes exercises during which the affected joint will be affected. Oddly enough, they achieve the greatest efficiency when performing simple movements. The first lesson is recommended to pass under the supervision of a specialist (orthopedist or pediatrician).
The basic massage technique for hip dysplasia in the exercise therapy complex:
- Abduction of the hips. The child is laid back on a hard surface, such as a changing table. When the baby relaxes, he is taken with both hands by the knees, and put them apart. In the absence of resistance, the legs can be tilted to the side and down. Feet should be free to touch a hard surface. Repeat 15 to 20 times.
- Joint rotation. The starting position is the same as in the previous exercise. With one hand they take the baby by the joint, and with the second they gently hold the knee. At the same time, it must be gently advanced, while spinning the leg inward. Repeat 10 to 15 times.
- The rotation of the legs. The limbs are taken so that each is bent at the knee. After that, they simultaneously make circular movements resembling a “bicycle”. It is important to observe smoothness and accuracy of actions. Repeat no more than 20 times.
- Bending the legs. One limb is bent at the knee, and the second at the same time is bent. After changing position. Repeat 15 times for each leg.
If you act correctly, slowly and accurately, then therapeutic exercises in the base complex will help to quickly restore the normal position of the joint. It is also not recommended to be distracted during classes.
Game movements
Since dysplasia of the hip joints is a congenital pathology and is detected in infants, the complex of physiotherapy exercises includes exercises that children of this age enjoy. It turns out that at the same time he plays with his parents and gets rid of the problem.
Parents can perform clapping with their feet during entertainment, which are similar to “handcuffs” with their hands. The baby should be put on a flat and hard surface, slightly bend the limbs at the knees, turn the feet to each other and connect them. Leg rotation can also be done in the natural position of the knee bend, carefully moving away in different directions. It is necessary at this time to simulate the flight of a butterfly.
When combining such activities with songs, smiles and affectionate communication, the kids practically do not notice them, which allows them to remain in a relaxed state and engage with pleasure.
Activities with the ball
There are two interesting exercises that you can perform on fitball. This is a big gymnastic ball. Such a simulator, although it seems simple at first glance, but it perfectly helps in restoring the natural position of the articular joint, and also prepares the child for the first steps in life.
The baby must be put with his back on the ball. With one hand, it should be held in the zone of the lower back, and with the other, rotate the leg inward, making circular movements. Repeat 10 times. Then the baby is transferred to the stomach, just as well, is held with one hand, and the second is taken by the ankle, shifted to the outside and at the same time the knee is bent.
It should be understood that the child may be afraid of the ball, and of the sensations that he will experience on it. It is just necessary to give him time to get used to. For very young children, such activities are often difficult, you may have to wait a bit.
Parent Tips
It is not recommended to deal with a child more than five times a day, and for some many and four. It is often difficult for small children to bear even passive loads. It is necessary to work on restoring the normal position of the joint every day, but only on condition that the baby is not sick and has a good mood.
If massage and physiotherapy exercises are combined, then it is worth pausing between circles. This will enable the baby to regain strength. As for contraindications to classes, they are minimal. They are limited in the presence of temperature, poor health, if a hernia or congenital heart disease was diagnosed.