Antimicrobials (antibiotics) are drugs used in the treatment of infectious diseases caused by fungi, bacteria and other microorganisms. Antibiotics can not only prevent the growth of microbes, but also kill them. There are a great many bacteria. Each differs from each other by the characteristics of reproduction, structure, nutrition. Therefore, not every drug in the antibiotic group is able to cope with all types of microorganisms.
In medical practice, unique means are used that can fight many types of bacteria. These drugs are effective in treating a large number of diseases. These medicines include broad-spectrum antibiotics. They are used in the treatment of diseases of the respiratory system (bronchitis, pneumonia), digestive organs (dysentery, salmonellosis), ENT organs (tonsillitis, sinusitis, otitis media), genital organs (chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis), urinary system (pyelonephritis, urethritis, cystitis )
Broad-spectrum antibiotics are drugs that belong to the groups:
Penicillins: Amoxicillin, Augmentin, Ampicillin, Oxacillin, Penicillin.
Cephalosporins: "Cephalexin", "Cefexim", "Ceftriaxone", "Cefilim", "Ceftobiprol".
Macrolides: Erythromycin, Clarithromycin.
Tetracyclines: Doxycycline, Tetracycline, Minocycline.
Aminoglycosides: Kanamycin, Gentamicin, Azithromycin
Fluoroquinolones - Levofloxacin, Ciprofloxacin.
Each individual group is effective against certain microorganisms. The feature is associated with different mechanisms of drug exposure.
Popular broad-spectrum antibiotics
Penicillins are bactericidal drugs. The principle of action is based on the destruction of the shell of bacteria, which leads to the death of the latter. Penicillins are broad-spectrum antibiotics. They are so called because of their special effectiveness against a large number of bacteria: staphylococci, streptococci, pathogens of gonorrhea, syphilis, meningitis. The drugs are used in the treatment of inflammatory processes of the respiratory system, ENT systems.
Cephalosporins destroy the bacterial membrane and have a bactericidal property. This is a big group. It includes five generations of drugs.
Macrolides are endowed with a bacteriostatic property. They penetrate into the cells and "find" microbes in them. The drugs are used in the treatment of inflammation caused by chlamydia, toxoplasma, microplasma. In addition, the group is effective for otitis media, pharyngitis.
Tetracyclines have a bacteriostatic property, are prescribed in the treatment of syphilis, gonorrhea, microplasmosis.
Aminoglycosides are used in the treatment of urinary tract infections, furunculosis.
Fluoroquinolones can act destructively on the synthesis of the genetic structure of bacteria. Effective for infections of the respiratory system, genitourinary organs, meningitis.
In addition to these drugs, antibiotics have a similar effect: Levomycetin, a group of sulfonamides, Metronidazole, enteroseptics and uroseptics.
Broad-spectrum antibiotics for children
In most cases, specialists prescribe antibiotics for children. They are necessary when the exact cause of the disease is not fully revealed and the diagnosis remains in question. In such a situation, it is the broad-spectrum antibiotics that will help suppress the infection. However, it is not recommended to abuse potent drugs. Moreover, without a pediatrician it is strictly forbidden to arbitrarily give babies even the best antibiotics.
Available medicines abound in our time. But you should not prescribe treatment yourself and take drugs uncontrollably. First of all, you need to consult a doctor.