How to treat chronic tonsillitis in children and adults - features and recommendations

Chronic tonsillitis is a disease that affects both adults and children. The disease is expressed by a prolonged inflammatory process of the tonsils with periodic exacerbations and remissions. With constant inflammation, the lymphoid tissue of the tonsils is replaced by connective tissue, cicatricial fusion occurs, and they cease to play the protective role of the body. Symptoms of tonsillitis most often concern people with low immunity in the fall, winter and spring. The insidiousness of the disease lies in the fact that microbes and toxins are constantly carried by the bloodstream throughout the body and, under favorable conditions, can affect other internal organs and systems. In this article, we will try to figure out how to treat chronic tonsillitis so as not to get complications.

Causes of chronic tonsillitis

Tissues of the tonsils are capable of producing substances such as gamma globulin, lymphocytes, interferon, so their main task is to protect the individual's body from the invasion of pathogenic microbes and bacteria that enter the nasopharynx with air, water and food. In humans, both pathogenic and beneficial microorganisms are always present on the surface and inside the tonsils. When entering from the outside or increasing the growth of opportunistic microorganisms, the glands destroy them and prevent the development of infection.

With various failures in the body, this balance is disturbed, and the sharp growth of pathogens causes acute inflammation: lacunar or follicular tonsillitis. With prolonged, often recurring and poorly treatable inflammatory processes, the glands lose their protective function, the ability to self-clean and become a source of infection in the individual's body. This chronic form of inflammation is called tonsillitis. Very rarely, a disease can develop without a previous sore throat. Bacterial analysis of the microflora of the glands of a patient with chronic tonsillitis reveals up to thirty pathogens, but most of all it contains staphylococci and streptococci. The better to treat chronic tonsillitis, consider below.

Factors that influence the development of the disease

The cause of tonsillitis is pathogenic viruses, fungi and bacteria, which are activated as a result of the following diseases:

• Breathing problems through the nose. The reason is adenoids, polyps, sinusitis, purulent sinusitis, as well as a curvature of the nasal septum and untreated tooth decay.
• Weak immunity due to infectious pathologies.
• Hereditary predisposition - the presence of this ailment in close relatives.

Can chronic tonsillitis be treated? Not only possible, but also necessary.

Symptoms of tonsillitis

Depending on the nature and severity of the course of inflammation, there are several forms of chronic tonsillitis:

1. Purulent plugs, swollen edges of the arches, swollen lymph nodes, pain when swallowing, dry mucous membranes and bad breath are symptoms in simple forms of pathology. An exacerbation in the form of a sore throat happens up to three times a year. The recovery process is slow. During remission, no symptoms bother.
2. In toxic-allergic forms, in one case, pain in the heart and joints joins common signs of inflammation. The recovery period is longer. In another case, there are disorders in the kidneys, liver and joints. Identify heart defects, diagnose arthritis, rheumatism. The patient has rapid fatigue, severe weakness, body temperature lasts for a long time from 37 to 38 degrees.

How to treat chronic tonsillitis and which medicines should be prescribed, the doctor determines, depending on the symptoms of the individual.

Prerequisites for the recognition of pathology

Chronic tonsillitis is most often detected if the following phenomena are present:

• liquid pus or purulent plugs in the gaps of the glands;
• redness of the edges of the palatine arches;
• enlargement of the cervical lymph nodes;
• thickening in the form of rollers of the edges of the arches - both front and rear;
• swelling of the upper sections of the anterior and posterior arches;
• adhesions in the form of scars between the glands and palatine arches;
• dense or friable, scarred glands.

If two or more of these manifestations are identified, a chronic course of the disease can be assumed. To determine how to treat chronic tonsillitis, the doctor recommends an ECG, kidney ultrasound and tests:

• smear from the oral cavity;
• biochemical and general blood test;
• general analysis of urine.

Taking into account the external signs revealed during the examination of the patient, and the results of the examinations, a final diagnosis is made, after which a course of therapy is prescribed.

Factors that provoke exacerbation of chronic tonsillitis

In order not to raise the question of how to treat chronic tonsillitis, the reasons that provoke it should be excluded:

• Inadequate fluid intake and poor water quality. To clean it, you need to use filters and do not forget to use at least two liters per day.
• Hypothermia of the body.
• Constant stressful situations, depression, sleep and rest, emotional stress.
• Labor activity in hazardous production.
• Ecologically unfavorable zone in the place of residence.
• Bad habits.
• Wrong diet - low consumption of vegetables and fruits, excess protein foods and carbohydrates.

With constant inflammatory processes, when the delicate lymphoid tissue degenerates into a dense connective tissue, the formed scars cover the gaps. This leads to the formation of closed purulent foci - lacunar plugs in which various harmful substances accumulate: tobacco tar, food debris, as well as pus and microorganisms. Thus, the most favorable situation is created for the development of pathogens. The toxic products of their vital activity with blood flow are carried throughout the body and disrupt the immune mechanisms. The body begins to respond inappropriately, an allergy appears, and bacteria cause various complications. Often patients ask how much chronic tonsillitis is treated. The disease requires prolonged conservative therapy and preventive measures aimed at the complete cure of angina and strengthening the body's defenses.

Causes of bad breath

Its appearance is provoked by plugs, which are calcined deposits of microorganisms. Directly, traffic jams form in the tonsils. The latter have indentations, or gaps, that trap bacteria that enter the body through the mouth. At times, they become clogged with food debris and dead cells, which contributes to the growth of bacteria and the formation of plugs, as well as the appearance of a bad breath in chronic tonsillitis. How to treat this manifestation of the disease? The patient is shown conservative therapy. It includes taking medications, hardening, which is carried out during the period of remission, physiotherapy treatment. Bad smell is not the most serious sign of an illness.

Conservative treatment

How can chronic tonsillitis be treated? Conservative or surgical method. Surgery is the most extreme measure, therefore, in the beginning, various gentle methods of treatment are used. This is a long and complex process. To eliminate the consequences of the inflammatory process and restore the body, physiotherapy, the use of medications, and nutrition and lifestyle adjustments will be required.

Where to treat chronic tonsillitis? The course is carried out in several stages in the ENT department by qualified specialists using modern methods of therapy. The following procedures are performed:

• Washing the gaps. There are two ways: using a syringe and nozzle device called "Tonsilor". The first is almost never used, as it cleans poorly and upon contact causes vomiting in the patient. The Tonsilor nozzle is effectively washed with antiseptic lacunae, and then a drug solution is injected into them.
• Irrigation using ultrasound using drugs or treating tonsils with Lugole. First, the lacunae are cleared of an unhealthy secret, then, in order to sterility, they change the tip. The drug suspension created by the device is injected into the tonsils, and more precisely, into the submucosal layer. Most often, a pre-made Miramistin solution is used for irrigation. Ultrasound has no effect on its antiseptic properties. After the manipulation is completed, the tonsils are lubricated with Lugol.
• Therapeutic laser. To improve the effect, the apparatus is placed in the oral cavity closer to the larynx. After therapy, edema decreases, inflammation of the tissues and mucous membranes of the tonsils decreases.
• Vibroacoustic impact, UV. Vibroacoustics normalizes microcirculation, improves nutrition in the tissues of the tonsils. Sanitation of microflora is carried out by ultraviolet radiation. This method has long been used and is considered effective.

How to treat chronic tonsillitis in an adult? Reviews of patients about the manipulations described above are only positive. The maximum effect occurs after 5-10 procedures. The number of courses is selected individually by the doctor. Treatment can restore the functionality of the tonsils and increase the period of remission between relapses.

Treatment of chronic tonsillitis in children

Both conservative and surgical therapy are possible. The first is carried out on an outpatient basis, the second on an inpatient basis. It should be remembered that all medications used should be prescribed by a doctor. Consider how to treat chronic tonsillitis in a child at home. Conservative therapy is selected depending on the severity of symptoms and includes:

1. Antibacterial drugs. For ease of use, they are available in different dosage forms: syrup, tablets, capsules. The dose is calculated on the weight of the child. Before prescribing a specific drug, the doctor takes the biomaterial from the baby's pharynx to determine the sensitivity of the pathogen.
2. Antiviral agents are prescribed if the viral nature of the disease is confirmed.
3. Immunostimulants. They contribute to the increase and strengthening of immunity.
4. Antiallergic drugs. Relieve swelling and allergic manifestations.
5. Antipyretic. Bring down the temperature.
6. Antiseptic preparations for local use. Effective for rinsing and irrigation of the throat.
7. General strengthening means. These include complexes of vitamins and minerals.

Parents often ask how to treat chronic tonsillitis with folk remedies. Unfortunately, it is impossible to cure this disease using unconventional methods. The use of herbal medicine or other home methods in children is allowed only after consulting a doctor.

Tonsillitis therapy

Only after establishing an accurate diagnosis, finding out the form and severity of the disease, the doctor selects therapy. How to treat chronic tonsillitis in adults?

• Antibiotics. They are prescribed only with exacerbation of the chronic form of tonsillitis and after analysis of sensitivity. Depending on the severity of the disease, the doctor may prescribe a short course of drugs and a long, with a more powerful effect of drugs. In remission, treatment is not provided by them.
• Probiotics They beneficially affect the intestinal microflora. They are prescribed simultaneously with broad-spectrum antibiotics, as well as with existing concomitant gastrointestinal pathologies.
• Painkillers They are indicated for severe pain.
• Antiallergic drugs. The main effect that is expected when prescribing these drugs is a decrease in swelling of the posterior pharyngeal wall, mucous membrane and tonsils. Medications of the last generation are the most prescribed, since they have a long-lasting effect, do not give a hypnotic effect, and side effects are less pronounced. In cases where long-term administration of antihistamines is required, they are simply replaced. For example, Fexadine is prescribed instead of Zirtek.
• Antiseptics. How to treat chronic tonsillitis at home using these drugs? For topical use, all kinds of oils and solutions have worked well, which are used to gargle and make inhalations at home.
• Immunostimulants. To stimulate local immunity in the oral cavity, the drug "Imudon" is indicated, the course of treatment of which is at least ten days. In addition, you can use tools that have a natural origin: propolis, chamomile, ginseng.
• Emollient formulations. It is safe to relieve the symptoms of dryness and sore throat caused by inflammation and taking medications with oils. Sea buckthorn, peach or apricot are suitable for these purposes. The only condition for their use is the absence of allergies. Two to three drops of any are instilled into the nose several times a day.
• Traditional medicine and homeopathy. How to treat chronic tonsillitis at home with these methods? Homeopathic preparations can be correctly selected only by a specialist in this field. Optimally selected therapy significantly prolongs remission after the acute phase has been withdrawn medically. To gargle, a wide variety of medicinal plant materials are used: aspen bark, poplar, chamomile flowers, eucalyptus leaves, grass of a string, sage.
• Food. Of course, the right diet is an important part of a quick recovery. During the treatment period, it is recommended to exclude products enriched with various additives, for example, flavor enhancers, as well as solid, smoked, fried, sour, salty, very hot or, on the contrary, very cold food, alcohol-containing drinks.

Surgery

How to treat chronic tonsillitis and should tonsils be removed? Provided that they are affected and have ceased to fulfill their protective function, and instead are themselves a source of infection, the question arises as to whether their normal functioning can be restored. This problem is solved by the doctor. Indications for removal:

• enlarged tonsils interfere with nasal breathing or swallowing;
• the patient has a sore throat more than four times a year;
• there is chronic rheumatism or renal complications;
• acute inflammation of the peri-amydalin fiber;
• no effect of conservative therapy for more than a year.

How to treat chronic tonsillitis? Patient reviews of surgery for this pathology in the stage of decompensation boil down to the fact that this is the only way out when the tonsils do not fulfill their function, and the conservative treatment being performed does not improve the condition. However, there are some contraindications to this type of therapy. All controversial issues are resolved individually with the attending doctor.

How to treat chronic tonsillitis and pharyngitis?

The approaches to the treatment of these pathologies are similar and consist in eliminating the immediate causes of the disease, relieving symptoms, preventing exacerbations, strengthening the immune system, and repairing damaged tissues:

1. Remove provoking factors. Perform wet cleaning regularly. Do not breathe tobacco smoke.
2. Exclude food from the diet that is irritating to the throat. Increase the amount of water consumed.
3. Antibiotic therapy should only be prescribed by a doctor.
4. Use topical preparations in the form of sprays, tablets, lozenges or lozenges for resorption.
5. Gargle with decoctions of herbs or ready-made antiseptic formulations purchased at the pharmacy.
6. In the absence of oil allergies, use them for inhalation.
7. Take vitamin complexes and immunomodulators to support immunity.
8. Physiotherapeutic treatment.

Antibiotic therapy

What antibiotics to treat chronic tonsillitis? Therapy with this group of drugs is indicated only during the acute phase. Most often, doctors prescribe penicillin group drugs:

• Amoxiclav;
• Ampicillin
• "Panklav";
• Flemoxin.

However, in recent years, quite a few new strains of microorganisms that are resistant to this group of antibiotics have appeared. Drugs of this series do not always cope with the disease. Another group is macrolides:

• "Sumamed";
• Clarithromycin;
• Macropen.

In a hospital, aminoglycosides are used, the following antibacterial drugs include:

• Amikacin;
• "Tobramycin";
• Gentamicin;
• Kanamycin.

How to treat exacerbation of chronic tonsillitis, if there is no severe symptoms? In this case, the attending physician prescribes antibiotics to the patient for topical application. They are used for the treatment of tonsils, inhalations. Antibacterial therapy is recommended at most four times a year. Uncontrolled intake of these drugs has a negative effect on the digestive tract and the body's immune system.

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