The Eustachian tube is a small canal that connects the back of the nose, nasopharynx and middle ear. Its functional task is to equalize the level of pressure in the environment and in the middle ear. Eustachian tubes are a very delicate organ in which dysfunction can occur, leading to discomfort and temporary hearing problems. This phenomenon occurs when the channel cannot open when yawning and swallowing.
The main causes of dysfunction are as follows.
Firstly, a blockage occurs when the pressure inside the ear has not changed, but outside it has already become different. Therefore, the eardrum begins to vibrate in a different mode. The main factors that stimulate the appearance of such changes are:
change in height;
flight in an airplane;
riding on steep hills;
diving.
Over time, the dysfunction that appeared after the above changes gradually disappears, and the Eustachian tube begins to “carry out” its functional duties “habitually”.
Secondly, a blockage, a swelling of the channel or otitis media may appear. The main reasons why inflammation of the Eustachian tube occurs is as follows:
infections and colds of the upper respiratory tract;
diseases of the ear and sinuses;
there are enlarged adenoids;
the presence of an allergic reaction.
Thirdly, there are situations when the dysfunction is associated with the accumulation of fluid in the middle ear. To this provokes:
The main symptoms of dysfunction are the following:
a feeling of blockage or stuffiness in the ear;
pain and discomfort
loss of sound sensations and the appearance of tinnitus;
the presence of dizziness;
congestion during chewing, yawning and swallowing;
the appearance of pain with inflammation.
During diagnosis, the Eustachian tube is subjected to both external and internal inspection. So, the doctor must definitely check to see if there is a slight bulge around the surface where the eardrum is located, if there is swelling or fluid. The nose and its backs are also examined. In addition, to clarify the final diagnosis, it is recommended to make:
a tympanogram, which will measure the pressure in the passage, and also explores the movements that the eardrum makes;
an audiogram in order to measure hearing.
Treatment of dysfunctions of the Eustachian tube should proceed in various directions. In order to relieve pain, discomfort or stuffiness of the ear, it is recommended to chew chewing gum, yawn more often and make swallowing movements.
To achieve this goal, you can do special "breathing" exercises. The most effective is the following: inhale deeply, and then release the air very carefully, closing the nostrils and keeping your mouth closed.
In the event that there is inflammation of the Eustachian tube, it is recommended to use:
There are situations when surgical intervention is required. Then myringotomy is done, when the doctor cuts the eardrum. Due to this, the pressure is equalized and drainage is done to drain the accumulated liquid.
The Eustachian tube is a very valuable organ that needs to prevent dysfunctions and not create disease-provoking situations.
To do this, it is recommended not to fly and avoid such overloads when there is a cold, SARS, or an allergy. If there is no other way, then be sure to take antihistamines or contraceptive drugs.
During such overloads, it is recommended to use special earplugs to help balance the pressure in the ear.