Lowering blood pressure is called arterial hypotension. It occurs frequently. If the pressure is 100 to 50 - what does it mean? Many do not know this. And such pressure is considered a deviation from the norm. If the pressure is 100 to 50, what should I do? The causes and treatment of this condition are described in the article.
Features
Pressure 100 to 50 - what does it mean? This is a reduced pressure, which is regarded as a deviation from the established norm. To distinguish the problem from the individual characteristics of the body, it is necessary to analyze additional signs that appear in humans. People for whom low blood pressure is the norm do not lose their ability to work. Only sometimes they have some weakness.
What is the pressure of 100 to 50? Doctors attribute these indicators to low blood pressure. And this applies to adults, and children, and the elderly. In order to normalize the condition requires increasing the pressure as quickly as possible.
If blood pressure is 100 to 50, then:
- slowing blood flow;
- circulatory disorders in the cerebral vessels;
- disruption of the heart.
Manifestation
It will be possible to identify the anomaly by the following signs:
- dizziness, fainting;
- fatigue;
- severe headaches;
- nausea and vomiting
- lack of air;
- increased or slowed heart rate;
- chest pains;
- increased drowsiness;
- loss of limb sensitivity.
If these conditions are intense, this may be evidence of dangerous conditions. These symptoms sometimes indicate serious blood loss, blood poisoning, anaphylactic shock, cerebral hemorrhage.
Often a low pressure of 100 to 50 is associated with normal events. This may be due to:
- dramatic climate change;
- intense growth in adolescents;
- hereditary predisposition;
- chronic lack of sleep;
- individual characteristics of the body.
Particular attention should be paid to these indicators during pregnancy. In this case, you should consult a doctor. During the period of gestation, the amount of blood increases, which usually increases pressure. Hypotension at this time can lead to oxygen starvation and premature termination of pregnancy.
Norms
They began to measure pressure more than 100 years ago. Russian doctor Korotkov heard noise while inflating the cuff with a pear. The first noise testified to upper pressure, and the second about diastolic.
Based on the results of subsequent experiments and examinations of people of different ages and sexes, the pressure norm was established. Systolic (upper) can be in the range of 120-125 mm, and diastolic (lower) - 70-80 mm. Of great importance is the pulse. The norm is 60-80 beats per minute. The difference between the upper and lower indicators should not be more than 40 mm; an increase in this indicator leads to heart problems.
But indicators 120 to 80 are not "healthy". The norm for each person is individual. In adolescents, the pressure can be slightly reduced, and in older people, slight deviations upward are not considered critical.
Causes
What are the causes of pressure 100 to 50? Arterial hypotension appears due to exposure to various factors. This may be due to the following:
- Violation of the activity of the autonomic nervous system, which regulates vascular tone. This is usually observed with increased emotional stress.
- An abnormal decrease in arterial tone. This problem arises from pathologies of the nervous system.
- Severe blood loss. This condition appears from external or internal bleeding.
- Severe stress.
- Genetic features of the nervous system, heart and blood vessels.
- Hypoxia Its appearance is caused by a lack of oxygen and an increase in the content of carbon dioxide in the air.
- Anemia.
- Age-related changes. They are characterized by a violation of the regulation of the functions of the heart and blood vessels. This condition appears in adolescents or the elderly.
- Elevated temperature or exposure to moisture on the human body.
- Physical features. This condition appears in the initial stages of pregnancy. In this situation, functional hypotension develops.
- Heart failure. If the diastolic pressure is 50 or less, this may be a sign of the release of insufficient blood from the left ventricle.
- Change in atmospheric pressure parameters. Weather-sensitive people are usually affected.
- Long-term use of drugs that affect the endocrine and nervous system, heart, blood vessels.
- Allergies.
- Infections and intoxication of the body. This upsets the balance of regulation of vascular tone.
At a pressure of 100 to 50 what to do? The reasons must be clarified necessarily, since they allow the doctor to prescribe an effective treatment.
Symptoms
You can find out about lowering indicators by:
- fatigue, weakness, disability, signs appear even with minor exertion;
- darkening in the eyes, the appearance of flies;
- nausea and vomiting
- pallor of the skin, and the mucous membranes will be pink;
- limb cooling;
- dizziness
- increased drowsiness during the day;
- impaired memory, mental impairment;
- feeling of lack of air;
- sudden mood swings;
- throbbing pain in the temples and neck;
- paresthesia of the skin of the limbs, manifested by numbness.
With the simultaneous occurrence of several symptoms, there is a risk of developing arterial hypotension. Lowering the pressure is considered dangerous for pregnant women and the elderly.
With a sharp decrease in blood pressure, you should immediately consult a doctor. If there is no timely medical care, then there is a risk of negative health consequences. This applies to ischemic stroke, impaired blood flow, hypoxia of the heart and brain.
Age
A pressure of 100 to 50 in a child is the norm only at 4-9 years. But parents should think about why diastolic pressure is reduced relative to normal. For newborns, the rate of 100 to 50 will be high, in this case, you need to see a doctor.
Hypotension is a less dangerous ailment compared to high blood pressure. But with low blood pressure, hypoxia appears, a violation of cerebral circulation, functional changes in the activity of the heart.
A pressure of 100 to 50 in a teenager indicates hypotension. This may be due to infection, hormonal changes, traumatic brain injuries. Hypotension in the elderly usually develops due to pathologies of the heart and blood vessels.
Correct measurement
Pressure depends not only on diseases of the heart and blood vessels, but also on physical stress and emotional state. Therefore, it is necessary to measure it in a calm state. For clear results, you need to follow simple rules:
- Before measuring, you need to complete physical activity, calm down.
- From smoking, alcohol and drugs, the wrong result appears.
- Pressure is measured in a sitting position. The exception is bedridden people.
- The hand on which the cuff is put on should be supported, located at the level of the heart.
- All movements or conversations can affect the result, so you should be completely calm for a few minutes.
- Pressure indicators are taken from the left and right hands, so that the result is reliable.
Small deviations from the norm are not considered a cause for concern. But if this is repeated constantly and your health worsens, you need to see a cardiologist.
Diagnostics
When a person has a pressure of 100 to 50 - what to do? To prescribe treatment, the doctor must establish the reasons for the decrease in pressure. To do this, a number of studies are being conducted. First, the doctor conducts a survey and examination of the patient.
According to the results of the preliminary examination, it is prescribed:
- Periodic pressure check in a calm state and after physical exertion.
- Ultrasound diagnostics and radiography. These procedures help assess the condition of internal organs.
- Echocardiography. The procedure determines the condition of the heart.
- Laboratory tests of urine and blood.
- Biochemical blood test. It is necessary to determine the balance of hormones, the activity of certain enzymes, and the content of electrolytes.
First aid
With a sharp decrease in pressure of 100 to 500 - what should I do? Urgently need to call an ambulance crew. Before the doctors arrive, you must perform the following steps:
- the person should be put on his back, legs raised slightly above the body;
- open a window;
- clothing chest;
- the patient should drink weak sweet black tea;
- deep breaths should be taken.
First aid can improve a person’s condition. But still, further specialist consultation is necessary. Only a doctor can prescribe an effective treatment.
Treatment
If there is a low pressure of 100 to 50, what should I do? To restore the condition, the doctor should prescribe a suitable treatment. It may include the following components:
- Observe general recommendations. This category includes a diet that involves the use of plant foods, protein foods and vitamins. Still need to start playing sports, relax fully, walk in the fresh air. Experts recommend avoiding stress.
- With a pressure of 100 to 50 - what else to do? Different drugs are used to normalize the pressure. Effective drugs that stimulate the effect on the heart and vasomotor center of the brain. This group consists of Caffeine Sodium Benzoate, Heptamyl, and Acrinor. Drugs should be prescribed only by a doctor. Due to improper use, the agents can lead to a strong increase in pressure and complications.
- Plant adaptogens are accepted. Effective tincture of Rhodiola rosea, Chinese magnolia vine, Eleutherococcus, ginseng.
- If the pressure is 100 to 50, what to do with severe bleeding? In this case, you can not do without surgical intervention. This method is used for severe bleeding. The operation allows you to eliminate damage to the artery. After the procedure, a course of therapy is prescribed that allows you to restore blood volume, increase hemoglobin and restore the number of red blood cells.
Thanks to the correct therapy, it will be possible to normalize the pressure parameters. An exception is hereditary features. In this case, it will hardly work on the indicators.
Danger
The greatest danger exists for pregnant women, hypotonics and the elderly. With a sharp decrease in indicators, you should immediately consult a doctor. Otherwise, it can lead to:
- circulatory disturbance;
- hypotension;
- ischemic stroke;
- hypertension
- oxygen starvation of the brain and heart;
- anemia.
Hypotension is more difficult to treat than hypertension. With permanently low indicators, various pathologies gradually appear, the heart and blood vessels can not work normally, which is the cause of irreversible consequences. In order to notice a problem in a timely manner, it is necessary to independently monitor the pressure. And with hypotension, a person needs to be registered with a cardiologist and regularly undergo medical examinations.
Prevention
In order for the pressure to be stable, it is necessary to follow the preventive recommendations:
- Sleep should be given at least 8 hours a day.
- Physical activity is required, so exercise should be done in the morning.
- It is useful to walk in the fresh air.
- It should normalize the mode of work and rest.
- Take a contrast shower in the morning.
- It is necessary to exclude bad habits.
- You must follow a diet - the diet includes meat, fish, dairy products, nuts, spices.
Preventive measures will help not only to normalize the pressure, but also to prevent the occurrence of dangerous pathologies. This applies to cardiac ischemia, stroke, myocardial infarction.
Low blood pressure can be a symptom of dangerous pathologies or be the norm. To identify the exact causes of this phenomenon, you must consult a doctor. They will be diagnosed, after which treatment is prescribed and recommendations regarding lifestyle are provided.