"Pneumo 23" is a vaccine, with the use of which the prophylaxis of diseases arising from pneumococci is damaged. This is an immunostimulating agent, it is administered once to form immunity to the main bacterial serotypes (23 serotypes). The drug is contraindicated in children under two years of age due to lack of immunogenicity. At this age, children do not form a stable immunity to pneumococci.
A vaccine that protects against infections caused by pneumococci is included in the vaccination calendar, which is performed as a preventive measure to protect the population. First of all, vaccination is necessary for children. To reduce the incidence of pneumococcal infections among the population, two drugs are used in Russia. This is Prevenar and the Pneumo 23 vaccine. The instructions attached to each of them contain different information about the composition and scheme of vaccination. These drugs have significant differences.
It is known that there are approximately 90 different serotypes of pneumococcus, only those that present the most serious danger to humans are present in the vaccines.
Release form, the components of the drug "Pneumo 23"
The drug is available in the form of a solution for injection. The instruction "Pneumo 23" is presented as a highly purified multivalent vaccine. It consists of various purified serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae, to which the person subsequently develops immunity.
The volume of one dose of the drug is 0.5 ml of a solution intended for administration subcutaneously and intramuscularly. Each serotype of the 23 available in the vaccine contains 25 mcg; the total volume is 575 mcg. Additionally used phenol preservative. Auxiliary ingredients include sodium phosphate and injection water.
The drug contains those serovars that are the most common in Europe. Most pneumococcal infections develop precisely because of their negative effects on the body (about 90%). These serotypes are resistant to many antibiotic drugs.
Pharmacological action of the drug "Pneumo 23"
The acquisition of immunity occurs ten days after the administration of the vaccine, no later than the fifteenth day. It lasts at least five years. The vaccine helps prevent the development of diseases that are characterized by a severe course. The instruction "Pneumo 23" allows you to use it together with some other vaccines (drugs that are used to prevent influenza).
The drug prevents the occurrence of infectious processes of different localization, the causative agents of which are pneumococci. The vaccine is aimed at the prevention of diseases such as otitis media, meningitis, pneumonia and other diseases. The drug helps reduce the likelihood of developing sepsis.
Indications for use of the drug "Pneumo 23"
The vaccine is introduced into the body in order to prevent the development of infections, the occurrence of which can cause pneumococci. The need for its use is highest among representatives of risk groups, those who underwent splenectomy, or when this procedure is planned. The introduction of the drug is indicated for nephrotic syndrome, sickle cell anemia. It is worth getting vaccinated after 65 years, as well as with weakened immunity and frequent hospitalization. "Pneumo 23" application instruction recommends to use when leaking CSF, dependence on nicotine and alcohol.
Vaccination is needed for patients with chronic bronchopulmonary diseases, those who suffer from diabetes, tuberculosis, cirrhosis. Indications also include diseases in which the composition of the blood, HIV, immunodeficiency states, severe neurological lesions, and diseases in which the cardiovascular system is disturbed change. There are also medical indications for military personnel, soldiers, orphans.
It is believed that vaccination of a healthy child over six years of age is not practical. At this stage of life, the body of children can independently resist infectious diseases, since the immune system is already quite developed. Usually, children after six years of age and adults are vaccinated only if they have the appropriate indications, mainly if they are at risk.
Contraindications to taking the drug "Pneumo 23"
A contraindication is hypersensitivity to the composition of the drug, which could be detected after previous injections of the drug. The vaccine is not used for severe allergic reactions. Contraindications include anti-pneumococcal vaccination, after which less than three years have passed, but in such cases there may be exceptions. Do not vaccinate children under two years of age.
There is no data reflecting the effect of this procedure on fetal development, therefore, pregnant women are vaccinated in rare cases and for special reasons. "Pneumo 23" instruction for use prohibits the use of acute infectious diseases and non-infectious processes, with hyperthermia. If a chronic disease worsens, immunization should be postponed until the state of health is normalized.
During pregnancy, avoid using the vaccine in the first trimester and second. If serious indications exist, a third-trimester vaccination may be given. "Pneumo 23" instruction recommends in such cases to be administered under close medical supervision. After immunization, it is necessary to monitor changes in the patient's condition. Pregnant women are observed longer than other patients, at least three hours. During lactation, there is no reason to interrupt breastfeeding.
Use, dosage of the drug "Pneumo 23"
The vaccine is administered under the skin or intramuscularly. The injection is done in the deltoid muscle. If immunization is carried out for the first time, the agent is used once. Revaccination is indicated after five years or later. An exception is left to patients who are undergoing immunosuppressive therapy, and representatives of the risk group.
Immediately from the syringes into which the drug is packaged, a vaccine is given. "Pneumo 23" instruction prohibits the introduction of an intravenous method. Vaccination is carried out exclusively in specialized medical institutions. The drug should be administered by a qualified specialist.
Inspection - a mandatory procedure before using the vaccine. If there are temporary contraindications, the vaccine is given later, when the identified symptoms disappear. As the instruction shows, “Pneumo 23” has the ability to cause anaphylactoid reactions, therefore, patients who have been injected with the solution are monitored for thirty minutes. In case of side effects, emergency treatment is necessary.
According to which scheme, vaccination is decided by a specialist. Not only with the first injection of the drug, but also with revaccination, the introduction of a single dose of the solution is indicated.
Side effects of the drug "Pneumo 23"
What negative reactions can the Pneumo 23 vaccination cause? The instruction displays the likelihood of developing an allergy, some people redden their skin, there may be slight soreness or a slight condensation in the area where the drug was administered. In rare cases, chills appear, the body temperature rises slightly. Headache and asthenia may be present. All general reactions and functional disorders usually disappear about a day after the occurrence. People who have been revaccinated earlier than the instructions provide, may experience severe local reactions. Read the instructions carefully before use.
Medicinal interaction of the drug "Pneumo 23"
You can not conduct therapy based on the use of immunosuppressive agents when it is necessary to vaccinate using the Pneumo 23 vaccine. Instructions, reviews of doctors do not allow their combination due to a decrease in the immune response or its absence.
If you need to perform immunization with several vaccines, you need to ask your doctor about the possibility of combining them.
Precaution
Before deciding on vaccination, you need to make sure that it is really necessary. Do not ignore contraindications to the tool "Pneumo 23". Instructions, reviews contain information on the development of quite serious side effects. Among the possible reactions is the Arthus phenomenon. This vaccine should be taken seriously.
The cost of the drug "Pneumo 23"
The drug is sold in pharmacies. Only on prescription does the Pneumo 23 vaccine instruction be purchased. The price of the product is approximately 1300 rubles.
Analogs of the drug "Pneumo 23"
Replace the vaccine with Prevenar 13 or Prevenar. The doctor selects the most optimal option taking into account the state of health of the patients, the individual characteristics of his body. Prevenar 13 contains fewer serotypes than the Pneumo 23 vaccine, but, as patients report in their reviews, negative reactions of a local nature are more often observed after its use. For this reason, for many, the Pneumo 23 vaccine is the best option. The instruction for the drug "Prevenar 13" does not contain age restrictions. This drug is administered even to children under two years of age. The vaccine for vaccination is always selected together with the doctor.
Reviews of doctors about the drug "Pneumo 23"
There are many reviews on the network about the effectiveness of the vaccine given by the Pneumo 23 vaccine. Reviews are different. Parents who decide to give an injection as a preventive measure often report that their child is less likely to develop infectious diseases. In their opinion, the drug allows you to strengthen the immune system. This result is confirmed by the instruction. "Pneumo 23" helps to increase the body's resistance to pneumococci. Reviews indicate that after vaccination, the disease proceeds without serious complications and is quickly treated. It is worth visiting a good specialist who will advise on vaccination.
Reviews practically do not contain information about the side effects of the drug. Patients typically indicate minor local reactions, such as redness or thickening. Such side effects do not need to be removed, they usually disappear on their own and quickly enough.
Doctors about the Pneumo 23 vaccine respond well. Most experts consider this tool to be quite effective in the prevention of diseases caused by pneumococci. For such purposes, experts recommend using this particular vaccine, but after eliminating contraindications. They help to understand what the vaccine "Pneumo 23" is, instructions, reviews. After examining this important information and receiving the advice of a doctor, you can make the exact decision about the need for vaccination with this drug.