Erosive gastritis of the antrum is an inflammatory pathology that occurs in the immediate vicinity of the duodenum. With successful treatment, the prognosis of the disease is good, however, in case of untimely onset of it and non-compliance with the recommendations of the doctor, the disease can cause internal bleeding and go into peptic ulcer.
The concept of the antrum
It is located at the bottom of the stomach. Here, mucus is released to process acidic processed food from the stomach before it enters the intestines. It is he who helps maintain the acid-base balance of the digestive tract. In this section, substances are produced that contribute to an increase or decrease in the production of enzymes that improve the pushing of shredded food. It occupies about a third of the volume of the stomach.
Development reasons
The main one is the effect of gastric juice on the mucous membrane. It is due to the influence of a number of related factors:
- the presence of other chronic diseases of the stomach;
- constant stress;
- taking medications for a long period of time, exceeding the dose of their use, the presence of side effects from their use;
- erosive gastritis of the antrum most often develops when taking NSAIDs, vitamin C and glucocorticoid steroid drugs;
- bad habits;
- improper diet with a predominance of spicy and acidic foods, as well as drinks that have an irritating effect on the mucous membrane;
- ingestion of Helicobacter pylori bacteria into the stomach.
Regarding the last point, it accounts for about 90% of cases of erosive antral gastritis, but only 10% of those infected with this bacterium develop the disease.
The optimal environment for the development of these pathogenic microorganisms is acidic. These bacteria contribute to the conversion of urea to ammonia, which further acidifies the environment in the stomach. This provokes the death of epithelial cells, as a result of which open areas of the organ are exposed to an aggressive attack of gastric juice, which leads to the formation of various ulcers, which grow over time.
Classification of erosive antral gastritis
According to the features of the course, several varieties of this ailment are distinguished:
- acute form - has a symptomatology common to the disease, but somewhat exacerbated;
- chronic form - characterized by blunt symptoms, periodically turning into an acute form.
According to the degree of foci development, the following varieties are distinguished:
- Antral erosive gastritis of the stomach with complete erosion, in which conical outgrowths are formed with the last depressions or ulcers in the center. Swelling and swelling can be observed in nearby tissues, although most often no extraneous signs are observed.
- Disease with incomplete erosion. The formations are flat, of different sizes and shapes, subtle, most strongly distinguished in the presence of hyperemic areas that are located around these zones.
- Erosive hemorrhagic antral gastritis. It is characterized by multiple minor ulcerations resembling injections on the surface of the stomach with a color from light cherry to bright red with a hyperemic underlying surface, which can exceed the size of hemorrhagic ulceration several times. Bleeding mainly occurs in this area.
Complete erosion is extensively distributed throughout the mucous membrane and occurs, as a rule, as a result of chronic inflammatory processes.
Clinical picture
Erosive antral gastritis is similar to ordinary gastritis, but differs from the latter by the location of the focus of infection. Therefore, in the diagnosis can be made the wrong diagnosis, implying inflammation of the duodenum.
Symptoms of this disease are as follows:
- taste dynamics - this can lead to the fact that the patient refuses food that was previously preferable to another for him;
- cramping in the lower stomach;
- with a chronic form, increased sweating during sleep, high fatigue and general weakness can be noted;
- vomiting with bloody impurities may be noted;
- bloating, belching, nausea, unstable stools;
- burning and discomfort in the epigastric zone.
Symptoms may be implicit and lubricated, but erosive damage to the stomach can still develop, which will ultimately lead to bleeding. In this case, the following symptoms will be observed:
- body temperature increases;
- fainting and twilight states of consciousness appear;
- pallor of epidermal integument is formed.
In these cases, emergency hospitalization is necessary, since delay can lead to death.
Diagnostics
An accurate diagnosis of erosive antral gastritis is possible with the following studies:
- measuring acidity in the stomach to detect functional disorders and determine the production of gastric secretion;
- Ultrasound to detect other diseases of the gastrointestinal tract;
- general analysis of feces, urine, blood;
- endoscopy and biopsy - the state of the mucosa is examined, the nature of the dynamics of the disease, the presence of malignant tumors - take at least 5 samples, including 2 from the antrum of the stomach;
- history taking, patient survey.
After the diagnosis, establishing the form and degree of the disease, therapy is prescribed.
Traditional treatment
As noted above, in 90% of cases, the disease is caused by the Helicobacter pylori bacterium. Therefore, the treatment of erosive antral gastritis caused by this factor is discussed below.
The following requirements must be observed:
- stop the development of the ulcerative process;
- the drugs used should affect any strains of this bacterium;
- side effects are minimized;
- dosage regimen is usually simplified;
- bacteria kill should be high.
The most effective treatment is a three-line scheme. In this case, it is provided:
- in the first decade - the first two weeks, taking "Amoxicillin" and "Clarithromycin";
- at the same time to the above drugs add “Trical potassium bismuth dicitrate” and PPI;
- during the third stage, dosages and terms are combined according to the first two options.
A two-stage circuit may also be used in which:
- in the first week there is a reception of Amoxicillin and Clarithromycin, as well as PPI (Rabeprazole, Lansoprazole) in therapeutic doses;
- at the second stage, IIT is saved, to which Tetracycline, Metronidazole, and Bismuth Subcitrate are added.
If this treatment does not give the desired effect, nitrofuran agents are used that should suppress all bacterial strains, even those that have developed resistance to the previously considered drugs.
Treatment with folk remedies
They are used at the beginning of the development of the disease with aching pain, acid belching, heartburn attacks.
Treatment of erosive antral gastritis with folk remedies can be carried out with potato juice, which is done in the morning in the amount of a glass, drunk an hour before meals. After admission, you need to be in a lying position for half an hour. For breakfast, it is better to eat oatmeal and unsweetened tea. It is used for 10 days, then for the same period they take a break and then take it again until the onset of healing.
You can also be treated with juice from the leaves of cabbage. Ready juice is slightly warmed up and half a cup is drunk half an hour before meals. It can be stored in the refrigerator for 2 days.
You can use decoctions of herbs:
- The roots of calamus swamp are crushed to obtain 1 tsp. product. The raw material is poured with a glass of boiling water, wrapped and infused for 40 minutes. Take strained warm half an hour before meals.
- Burdock roots are crushed to obtain 1 tsp. product, pour 0.5 liters of boiling water, insist 12 hours in a wrapped container. It is used during the day for half a glass in a warm form.
- You can take aloe vera juice for 1 tsp. half an hour before meals for 1.5 months (use plants no younger than 3 years of age).
- Pour the leaves of plantain with grape vodka (0.5 l), boil and boil for 5 minutes, strain, pour into a bottle and cork. Take half an hour before meals 1 tbsp. l
Herbal preparations are also used (for example, lemon balm and mint 15 g each, other herbs that relieve inflammatory processes on the gastric mucosa).
Treatment with folk remedies should take place with the obligatory consultation of a doctor.
Food
Included in the treatment and diet for erosive antral gastritis. It involves the saturation of the diet with protein products (mild cheeses, eggs, cottage cheese, fish and lean meat) and a decrease in the percentage of consumption in relation to carbohydrate products. Vegetables (cabbage, zucchini, carrots, beets) should be available on the menu.
Food should not be salty or spicy. Heat treatment can be performed in the following types:
- quenching;
- for a couple;
- baking;
- cooking.
Meat dishes need to be prepared from minced meat.
In the acute phase of the disease, products are consumed in a puree form in small portions 5-6 times a day.
From the menu exclude dishes that can cause bloating, pain, heartburn:
- fried and fatty foods;
- yeast and confectionery;
- pork
- radish;
- cucumbers
- legumes.
The main prohibitions remain relevant until the end of life.
Finally
Erosive antral gastritis occurs mainly, like other types of similar diseases, due to exposure to bacteria Helicobacter pylori. Treatment should be aimed at combating them. In the initial stage and period of remission, the use of folk remedies is possible. Throughout life, you must adhere to strict dietary prohibitions.