It has long been known that the main mechanism for the development of the adaptability of various bacteria to antibiotics are Ξ²-lactamases and their products. They very effectively contribute to the destruction of the protective rings of antibiotics and practically nullify their therapeutic effect. To overcome this negative effect, practically chemical compounds were developed and obtained that deactivate Ξ²-lactamases, first of all, clavulanic acid, sulbactam and tazobactam preparations.
These compounds are included as elements in the so-called inhibitor-protected penicillins - combination medicines that include the penicillin antibiotic. Widely known examples of such drugs are ampicillin-sulbactam, amoxicillin, ticarcillin and others that make up this group of penicillins. Their use is also effective because they can act as part of a wide variety of combinations of III generation cephalosporin, while the effectiveness of the active substance remains at a high level.
During various combinations that are used in a number of modern medicines, including antibiotics and Ξ²-lactamase inhibitors, the primary activity of penicillins is regenerated, and they almost completely restore their therapeutic effectiveness in the fight against most of the staphylococci, anaerobes and gram-negative known today bacteria. In addition, in such preparations, their antimicrobial spectrum expands. Among these is the drug ampicillin / sulbactam, which, depending on the manufacturer, can still be produced under the names Unazin or Sulacillin.
This medicine includes ampicillin and sulbactam, which are present in a 2: 1 ratio. As indicated by the instructions for use, ampicillin and sulbactam in this preparation, in addition to actually blocking Ξ²-lactamases, have a rather pronounced activity against neisseries and acinetobacteria.
As a rule, for internal administration, the drug is prescribed sultamycillin, which includes sulbactam and ampicillin. Tablets when taken are absorbed into the body. Then the hydrolysis reaction and the combined action of the ampicillin and sulbactam drugs are included, which provides an increase in the bioavailability of ampicillin even above the level that is achieved when taking an equal dose of traditional ampicillin.
The spectrum of activity of this drug is quite wide. Therefore, the most indicated use of the drug is for infections of bacterial origin of airborne diseases, sinusitis of various forms and etiologies. The medicine is also prescribed for diseases of the lower respiratory tract: chronic bronchitis, pneumonia.
According to the instructions for use, ampicillin containing sulbactam is effective in the treatment of intra-abdominal and various forms of pelvic infections, including infections of soft tissues, bone and joint infections, sepsis.
The drug ampicillin with sulbactam is much more effective than amoxicillin / clavulanate in the treatment of infections that are initiated by acinetobacter.
The dosage of the medicine is determined by the instructions for use. ampicillin is prescribed orally, for adults, the dose is 0.375-0.75 grams, regardless of the meal twice a day, if the disease is mild. In more severe forms, a medication of 1.5-3.0 grams is used during the day, if the severity increases, the dose can be increased to 6.0 grams.
For children, the drug is prescribed in estimated doses, about 50 micrograms per day per one kilogram of the childβs weight. Reception is carried out twice.
The form of release and administration of the drug is described in detail by the instructions for use. ampicillin can also be taken, in addition to tablets, in the form of a powder used for the preparation of a special suspension (for oral administration). The use of the drug in the form of injections is also provided, for this it is made in the form of a powder. The solvent is supplied with the drug in one package.