In the article, we consider the side effects of Pentalgin. This is a medicine of combined composition, which has analgesic, antispasmodic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory effects.
The dosage form of this pharmacological agent is film-coated tablets, which are distinguished by a capsular biconvex shape, beveled edges, and green. At the cut, the tablet may have white blotches. Tablets of 12, 10, 6 or 2 pieces are packaged in blister packs, as well as in cardboard boxes of 1 or 2 cell packs.
The active substances contained in the tablets are:
- paracetamol;
- naproxen;
- pheniramine maleate;
- caffeine;
- drotaverine hydrochloride.
The following components are used in the manufacture of the medicine: citric acid monohydrate, croscarmellose sodium, magnesium stearate, potato starch, microcrystalline cellulose, talc, butyl hydroxytoluene, hyprolose (EF clucel), quinoline yellow dye, indigo carmine.
The film coating contains: povidone (medical molecular weight polyvinylpyrrolidone), titanium dioxide, indigo carmine, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, yellow quinoline dye, polysorbate 80, talc. What are the side effects of Pentalgin tablets, many are interested.
pharmachologic effect
Paracetamol as a component of the medication is a non-narcotic analgesic substance, which determines the antipyretic and analgesic effects of the drug. Its effect is associated with the blockade of cyclooxygenase in the nervous system by affecting the centers of pain and thermoregulation.
Drotaverine is a substance that exhibits an antispasmodic myotropic effect, the principle of which is to suppress phosphodiesterase IV and affect the smooth muscles of the genitourinary and cardiovascular systems, as well as digestive and biliary tract structures.
Pheniramine is a substance that blocks H1-histamine receptors. It has insignificant sedative and antispasmodic properties, enhances the analgesic effect of the remaining components of the medication, which is characteristic mainly for paracetamol and naproxen, and also reduces the severity of exudation.
Naproxen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory substance characterized by an analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory effect on the body. It non-selectively inhibits the activity of cyclooxygenase, which is responsible for the regulation of prostaglandin production.
Caffeine is a component that is characterized by a tonic effect on the vessels of the brain. In addition, it promotes the expansion of blood vessels of the heart, kidneys and skeletal muscles, increases the permeability of histohematological barriers and the bioavailability of analgesics of a non-narcotic nature, thereby enhancing the therapeutic effect of the Pentalgin medication. Caffeine improves mental and physical performance, and helps combat fatigue and drowsiness. The side effects of Pentalgin in tablets should not be forgotten either.
Indications for appointment
The medicine is indicated for the following pathological conditions:
- pain syndrome of various origins, including headache (including pain resulting from spasm of the brain vessels), algodismenorea, toothache, radiculitis, neuralgia, joint and muscle pain;
- pain syndrome, which is caused by spasms of smooth muscles, including during postcholecystectomy syndrome, chronic cholecystitis and gallstone disease, as well as renal colic;
- post-traumatic and postoperative pain, including in the presence of inflammatory processes;
- colds that occur with fever (symptomatic treatment).
If you do not know about contraindications and do not adhere to them, then there is a high probability of the development of side effects of Pentalgin.
The list of absolute contraindications
Who is forbidden to take medicine? Absolute contraindications to the appointment of the drug are:
- age less than 18 years;
- period of pregnancy and lactation;
- severe renal failure;
- digestive bleeding;
- erosive or ulcerative lesions of the gastrointestinal tract in the acute stage;
- myocardial infarction and other severe organic pathologies of the cardiovascular system;
- hyperkalemia
- condition after coronary artery bypass grafting;
- severe hypertension;
- ventricular extrasystole;
- liver failure;
- paroxysmal tachycardia;
- a combination of recurrent polyposis of the nose and sinuses and bronchial asthma;
- intolerance to NSAIDs, including acetylsalicylic acid;
- inhibition of hematopoiesis in the bone marrow;
- sensitivity to components.
Relative admission restrictions
Side effects from Pentalgin may also develop if relative contraindications are not observed.
Relative restrictions on the use of this drug are:
- benign hyperbilirubinemia;
- viral hepatitis;
- liver or kidney failure of moderate or mild;
- alcoholic liver damage;
- pathology of peripheral arteries;
- diabetes;
- cerebrovascular disease;
- elderly age;
- epilepsy.
Instructions for use
The dangerous side effects of Pentalgin will be described below. Tablets are taken orally in 1 piece up to 3 times a day. In some situations, it is possible to increase daily dosages to 4 tablets. The duration of use of this medication depends on the clinical indications:
- to eliminate pain - no more than 5 days;
- in order to reduce body temperature - no more than 3 days.
An increase in the duration of treatment is possible only as prescribed by the attending specialist.
Recommendations regarding the long-term use of the drug
Most often, the side effects of Pentalgin with a long intake are observed. Addiction may also develop. In addition, with prolonged treatment with a medication (more than 5-7 days), peripheral blood counts and liver function should be monitored.
Side effects of Pentalgin
The tool can provoke the development of such side effects:
- Urinary system: impaired renal function.
- Heart and blood vessels: arrhythmia, palpitations, increased blood pressure.
- Sense organs: decreased auditory perception, tinnitus; in patients with angle-closure glaucoma, an increase in intraocular pressure.
- CNS: increased reflexes, sleep disturbances, decreased attention span, headache, anxiety, dizziness, agitation, tremor. Side effects of "Pentalgin" in the instructions are described in detail.
- The hematopoietic system: a decrease in the level of agranulocytes, red blood cells, white blood cells or platelets in the blood, an increase in the volume of methemoglobin.
- Digestive tract: nausea, epigastric discomfort, vomiting, constipation, abdominal pain, ulcerative lesions, impaired liver function.
- Skin and allergic reactions: urticaria, rash, angioedema, dermatitis.
- Other side effects with prolonged use of "Pentalgin": tachypnea.
Special recommendations
The drug is not recommended to be used in parallel with NSAIDs, paracetamol-containing medicines and agents for the symptomatic treatment of colds.
The effect of caffeine on the central nervous system can manifest itself in varying degrees - from inhibition to stimulation of nervous activity. Under the influence of paracetamol, the values of laboratory tests for the content of uric acid and glucose in the blood are distorted. Naproxen increases the bleeding period. Pentalgin must be canceled 2 days before the scheduled study to establish the level of 17-ketosteroids in the blood.
During therapy, it is recommended to refuse to drink alcohol, be careful when driving and performing unsafe types of work that require increased attention and speed of reactions. Side effects of "Pentalgin N" are exactly the same as with the usual drug.
Drug interaction
Barbiturates, which the patient receives for a long time, reduce the effects of paracetamol. Diflunisal increases plasma concentration of paracetamol by 50%, as a result of which its hepatotoxicity increases.
Paracetamol reduces the effect of uricosuric drugs, enhances the effect of indirect anticoagulants. If you take alcohol while taking these pills, the likelihood of acute pancreatitis increases significantly.
Drotaverin weakens the antiparkinsonian properties of Levodopa. Pheniramine when interacting with monoamine oxidase inhibitors, ethanol, sleeping pills and tranquilizers enhances the inhibitory effect on the central nervous system. With the combined use of tricyclic antidepressants, ethanol, rifampicin or barbiturates, the likelihood of toxic effects on the liver increases, therefore, such drug combinations are recommended to be avoided.
Naproxen can lower the diuretic property of furosemide, enhance the effects of indirect anticoagulants, increase the toxicity of sulfonamides and methotrexate, and reduce lithium excretion.
With the combined use of other medications that stimulate the central nervous system, or the use of caffeine-based drinks, pronounced stimulation of the nervous system is possible. Anticonvulsants, derivatives of hydantoin (phenytoin), as well as primidone and barbiturates, can enhance metabolism and increase caffeine clearance. Disulfiram, oral contraceptives, cimetidine, ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin reduce the metabolism of caffeine in the liver, slowing its excretion and increasing its level in the blood.
Overdose
The signs of an overdose with the Pentalgin medication, the side effects and contraindications of which are indicated in the article, are quite diverse. These include: prolonged prothrombin time, pallor of the skin, nausea, lack of appetite, pain in the abdomen, gastrointestinal bleeding, pronounced activity of liver transaminases, hepatonecrosis, agitation, motor disorders, tremor, confusion, epileptic seizures, headache, hyperthermia , frequent urination, tachycardia, arrhythmia.
Signs of a change in liver function can be observed 12-48 hours after an overdose. Severe cases of this pathological condition are accompanied by liver failure with progressive pancreatitis, encephalopathy, arrhythmia, renal failure, and coma. In addition, a high probability of death.
If you suspect an overdose, you must urgently consult a doctor. As a therapy, gastric lavage is performed, followed by the use of entorosorbents. A specific antidote for paracetamol is acetylcysteine, which is used for poisoning with this substance. The introduction of acetylcysteine into the blood should be ensured no later than 8 hours after taking a high dose of the drug "Pentalgin". With gastrointestinal bleeding, antacids are injected, the stomach is washed with a cold 0.9% sodium chloride solution. If necessary, oxygenation and maintenance of ventilation are used. With the development of epileptic seizures, the patient is given diazepam, the balance of salts and fluids in the body is controlled.
If the side effects and contraindications of Pentalgin make it impossible to take the drug, it can be replaced.
Analogs
The most common analogues of the pharmacological drug "Pentalgin" are the following medicines:
- Ibuprofen
- Pentalgin FS;
- "Paracetamol";
- Nise
- Cardiomagnyl;
- "Analgin";
- Amizon.
These drugs show the greatest therapeutic effectiveness only if they correctly replace the Pentalgin medication. This should be done after consultation with a doctor.
Price
The approximate cost of this medicine varies from 60 to 120 rubles (for a package of 4 tablets), from 100 to 150 rubles (for a package of 12 tablets) and from 155 to 230 rubles (for a package of 24 tablets). Below we find out what patients think about the drug.
Reviews
In the reviews, patients note that this medicine well eliminates pain in various pathologies and after surgery, but doctors did not advise them to take it for a long time. "Pentalgin" invokes a lot of adverse reactions, the most common of which, according to reviews, are digestive disorders, pain in the liver, and nausea. This is the instruction and side effects of the Pentalgin tablets.