"Pantogam" refers to nootropics that stimulate brain activity. It is often prescribed for mental retardation and speech formation, age-related changes, psycho-emotional stress. The medicine has a wide range of uses, and its side effects are minimal. That is why Pantogam is often prescribed by doctors. You can find detailed instructions for the use of Pantogama, indications and side effects of the drug in this article.
Nootropics and their use
For a more informed use of the drug, all patients are advised to know which group it belongs to and what effect it has on the body. Pantogam is a nootropic drug. Nootropics are prescribed for metabolic stimulation of the brain. In addition, they also have some protective function, preventing cell death due to hypoxia or the negative effects of the environment. As with any medicine, nootropics have their own side effects, which are expressed in excessive excitation of the nervous system.
Currently, controversy is going on around nootropic drugs in the medical world. Studies have not proven their effectiveness compared to placebo. But doctors around the world continue to prescribe nootropics to patients, and numerous positive reviews prove their positive effects. The modern rhythm of life, full of stress, dictates its own conditions, and often even healthy people can become victims of a nervous breakdown. Nootropics gently affect the nervous system, helping it recover and become more stable.
Composition and forms of "Pantogama"
The international name "Pantogama" is hopantenic acid. 1 tablet of the medicine contains 250 or 500 mg of this active substance. At the moment, on sale you can find Pantogam in the form of tablets and syrup. The medicine is available in the amount of 10 tablets per package or in a volume of 100 ml. You can buy it in almost all pharmacies, as directed by a doctor. According to the instructions for use, Pantogam is a prescription drug, so only a doctor can prescribe it. To obtain a prescription, the patient must either contact the local therapist, or immediately to a neurologist who specializes in various disorders of the nervous system.
If you have allergic reactions, then it will be useful to know about the auxiliary substances that are part of Pantogam. In addition to hopantenic acid, one tablet contains methyl cellulose, calcium stearate and magnesium hydroxycarbonate. These substances rarely cause allergies, so the use of Pantogam is safe for people with diabetes and lactose intolerance.
If the use of the drug is prescribed for children under 12 years old, then in this case it will be advisable to use Pantogam in the form of a syrup. Sweet and tasty, kids like it and you don’t have to force them to drink a bitter pill. In the instructions for use "Pantogama" for children in the form of a syrup, the following auxiliary components are indicated:
- Sorbitol (15 g) is a sweetener.
- Citric acid (0.1 g).
- Sodium benzoate (0.1 g) - food supplement, preservative.
- Glycerol (25 g) - gives the medicine the desired shape and consistency.
- Food Cherry 667 fragrance.
- Purified water.
Effects on the body
Why is Pantogam prescribed? The instructions for use of Pantogam (250 mg or 500 mg) indicate several effects that should be expected after taking the drug:
- Strengthening metabolic processes in neurons.
- Protection against the negative effects of the environment and oxygen starvation.
- Prevention of neuronal death.
All these effects are due to the presence of the GABA neurotransmitter in Pantogam. Entering the body, it affects the GABA-b receptor-channel complex, having a positive effect on our body. Hopantenic acid enhances anabolic processes in neurons, and as a result, they are better supplied with nutrients and oxygen in the blood. Nootropic combines a mild stimulating effect with a small sedative effect, so it can be used even for young children, unable to sit still. Cases of overexcitation of the nervous system after taking Pantogama are quite rare. Typically, the drug has an additional stimulating effect, increasing mental and physical activity and reducing stress levels.
The instructions for use of Pantogam in tablets say that the medicine is absorbed into the bloodstream quite quickly. The drug reaches its maximum concentration in an hour. It is excreted by the liver and kidneys unchanged after 48 hours. Since the drug has a long-term effect with a cumulative effect, usually the course of treatment is several months.
Indications
"Pantogam" is a stimulating drug, so it is extremely undesirable to use it without specific indications. Usually, doctors prescribe a nootropic for the following problems in adults:
- Age-related changes, including degenerative processes.
- Past infections affecting the brain (viral meningitis, encephalitis).
- Schizophrenia.
- Impaired urination.
- Atherosclerosis of the vessels of the brain.
- Circulatory disturbance as a result of osteochondrosis.
- Stress, psycho-emotional overload.
- Traumatic brain injuries.
- Genetic disorders.
- Long overloads of the emotional and mental plan.
- Long-term alcohol and drug intoxication.
But Pantogam is prescribed not only for adults, but also for children from 0 to 12 years old. Several other diseases can lead to the use of their medication:
- Intrauterine encephalopathy.
- Metabolic disease.
- Delayed mental and physical development.
- Cerebral palsy.
- Stuttering, violation of diction, ZRR.
Only a neurologist can prescribe a nootropic for children, based on the overall picture, history and diagnosis of a small patient. Self-medication can only lead to a worsening of the situation. Also, the instructions for the use of Pantogam tablets for children say that the medicine can prolong the effect of medicines against seizures. In this regard, it is often prescribed for the treatment of seizures along with antiepileptic drugs.
Contraindications
Despite the fact that Pantogam is considered a relatively safe drug that does not have a pronounced negative effect on the body, it still has contraindications. The medicine can not be drunk with kidney pathology, as well as during the first trimester of pregnancy. In the remaining six months, you can take a nootropic. Doctors also prohibit taking the drug during breastfeeding. Hopantenic acid enters the baby’s body along with milk and can have the most unforeseen effect on its nervous system. If, however, Pantogam's reception cannot be canceled in any way, then breast milk is recommended to be replaced with a special mixture.
In case of allergic reactions that may occur on one of the components of the drug, it is necessary to cancel the intake and take an antihistamine. Especially often there is a reaction to Pantogam in the form of syrup, as it contains sugar and dye. In this case, the liquid form can be replaced by tablets. According to the instructions for the use of Pantogam for children, you can start taking the medicine from birth. It is better for preschool children to give the drug in the form of a syrup, since it is much easier to divide into doses. In the case of buying tablets with a dosage of 250 or 500 mg, they will have to be divided into parts, and this is not always convenient.
Side effects
Pantogam is well tolerated by most patients. But sometimes minor negative reactions of the body may occur:
- Nasal congestion, rhinitis.
- Urticaria and other allergic reactions.
- Nausea, upset stomach.
- Drowsiness and lethargy.
- Irritability, excessive drowsiness.
The instructions for the use of Pantogama tablets (250 mg or 500 mg) say that if one of the above reactions is detected in a patient, it is necessary to consult a doctor. Let's consider the annotation in more detail.
Instructions for use "Pantogama"
For the most pronounced effect of the drug, it is necessary to strictly follow the recommendations for its use. "Pantogam" works best on the body in the morning, up to 16 hours. Later use may cause insomnia or increased irritability. In order for the drug to be absorbed faster, experts recommend taking it 30-40 minutes after eating. Since Pantogam is usually prescribed for a long time, you need to drink pills every day at the same time. This will enhance the effectiveness of the drug and give a more pronounced effect of therapy.
What dosage should I choose for the patient? This can only be decided by a doctor, having previously studied the history and clinical picture. In the instructions for use "Pantogam 250 mg" for children, the following dosages are indicated:
- If a child is diagnosed with developmental delay or oligophrenia, then a single dose of Pantogam should be at least 500 mg (that is, two tablets). It is prescribed to be taken within 2-3 months 4-5 times a day. Such large doses of the drug are caused by the severity of the disease.
- Pantogam is often used to correct the antipsychotic syndrome. To eliminate it, adults need to take 500-1000 mg three times a day. Children are prescribed a dosage half as much, that is, one or two tablets. Treatment lasts for 1-3 months.
- If the patient has epilepsy, then he is shown taking the drug in an amount of 0.5-1 g 3-4 times a day for six months. If convulsions are observed in children, then a single dose should be halved. Such a long course helps to reduce the likelihood of new attacks and reduces the negative impact on the brain of epileptic seizures.
- If stuttering and tics, as well as involuntary movements of Pantogam 250 for children, according to the instructions for use, should be taken 3-4 times a day in the amount of one or two tablets for children, for adults - two to six tablets (i.e. 500- 1500 mg). The duration of treatment is individual and can range from one to four months.
If your disease does not fit into any category, the dosage of Pantogam can only be calculated by a doctor. A single dose should not exceed 250-500 mg for children and 500-1000 mg for adults. The number of doses per day is also limited: the maximum dosage is 3000 mg.
Instructions for use Pantogam syrup
The liquid form of the medicine contains a completely different amount of active substance, therefore the dosage will be slightly different. 1 ml of the drug contains 100 mg of the active substance. In this regard, the following doses are indicated in the instructions for use of Pantogam for children:
- For the treatment of schizophrenia "Pantogam" is recommended to use from 1 to 3 months, with a dosage of 5-30 ml per day.
- To correct epileptic seizures, 7-10 ml of the drug is prescribed in combination with anticonvulsants.
- Hyperkinesis in children with cerebral palsy is treated with 5-30 ml per day.
- The consequences of neuroinfections and traumatic brain injuries are eliminated 5-30 ml of Pantogam per day.
- In the case of psycho-emotional overload, doctors prescribe 2.5-5 ml of the drug three times a day.
- The lag in development is adjusted by 10-15 ml of Pantogama, which are distributed several times a day.
Doctors pay attention to the fact that Pantogam in the form of syrup must be stored out of the reach of children. The maximum daily dose should not exceed 30 ml for children and adults. At one time, a child can drink up to 5 ml, and an adult - up to 10 ml.
Also in the pharmacy you can find a medicine with a similar name - Pantogam Asset. Reviews and instructions for use prove that this drug is different from the usual "Pantogama". If the classic Pantogam contains only one modification of hopantenic acid, namely D-hopantenic acid, then Pantogam Asset contains D and L-hopantenic acid. Because of this, the effect of the drug on the body is also different. The L-isomer improves the interaction with GABA receptors; therefore, Pantogam-Asset has a more pronounced anticonvulsant and nootropic effect.
Overdose
If the permitted daily dose of the substance is exceeded, the following symptoms may be observed in patients:
- Drowsiness.
- Nausea.
- A noise in the head.
- Insomnia.
The increase in side effects is treated quite simply: doctors recommend that you stop taking the drug for a while and drink the sorbent.
Cost
Since Pantogam is prescribed for one to several months, many patients are concerned about the cost of the drug. The price of packing 500 mg tablets in pharmacies starts at 600 rubles. If you buy medicine for a child, then it would be more advisable to buy Pantogam with a dosage of 250 mg, since it does not need to be divided into smaller doses. The cost of packaging 250 mg is approximately 385 rubles. If the doctor prescribed Pantogam in syrup form, then a 100 ml pack will cost you 364 rubles.
Analogs
On sale you can find analogues of the drug. Some of them contain basically the same active substance, that is hopantenic acid. These drugs include:
- Pantocalcin;
- Gopantam
- "Calcium hopantenate";
- Pantogam Asset.
Many analogues of Pantogam have a similar effect, but differ in composition. At the moment, on the pharmacological market you can find many nootropics, which can replace Pantogam in case of allergies or intolerance to individual components:
- "Cerebrolysin";
- Cortexin;
- Nootropil;
- Cavinton
- "Glycine";
- "Ginkgo biloba".
In addition to nootropics, various vitamins and dietary supplements are also used to correct diseases of the nervous system, for example, a complex of vitamins B and magnesium.
Instructions for use of Pantogama analogues can be found in each package of drugs.
Reviews
Despite the fact that in the medical world not everyone supports the use of nootropics, reviews of Pantogam prove the opposite. When correcting neurological disorders in adults, 98% of patients were satisfied with the effect obtained. The drug is especially effective when used in children under three years of age. At this age, the compensatory capabilities of the body are still great, so it is easy to correct speech disorders, stuttering, developmental delays. The main thing is to notice the problem in time and seek help from a specialist, and then follow his recommendations. Pantogam is also prescribed for restless children with attention deficit disorder. Reviews prove that it gently affects the nervous system, providing a small sedative effect. During exams and at a fast pace, Pantogam can help normalize the nervous system and protect it from damage.
Summary
Pantogam has a wide range of effects, therefore it is used to correct various diseases associated with the human nervous system. It enhances and prolongs the duration of anticonvulsant drugs, and also prevents side effects from phenobarbital and some other drugs. Experts note that the most effective combination of Pantogam and Glycine. The drug has been used in medicine for a long time and has proved to be an effective and safe tool.