"Ciprofloxacin" is a universal antibacterial drug that compares favorably with a wide spectrum of action. The medication belongs to the large fluoroquinolone group of first-generation antibiotics. The universal composition of the drug is able to inhibit the growth and reproduction of pathogenic microorganisms. Analogues of “Ciprofloxacin” in tablets are of interest to patients only in cases where they have contraindications to the use of this drug.
Pharmacological principle of action
Tablets "Ciprofloxacin" 500 mg in its antibacterial spectrum of effects on the human body are similar to other fluoroquinolones. The medicine has a high activity. Manufacturers produce the drug in the form of injections and tablets for oral use. Pills are best used on an empty stomach, so that the active substance is absorbed faster into the blood. The maximum concentration of the drug in plasma is observed 2 hours after taking the tablets. The injections begin to act 30 minutes after administration.
The drug is excreted after 24 hours with urine. Components practically do not bind to plasma proteins. The substance penetrates perfectly into tissues and organs, passes through the blood-brain barrier.
Composition and form of release
What are the analogues, indications and contraindications of Ciprofloxacin in tablets? The medication has a wide range of uses, which is due to the universal composition of the drug. One tablet contains 250 or 500 mg of ciproflox tin.
Auxiliary components of the drug:
- Corn starch.
- Microcrystalline cellulose.
- Talc.
- Sodium glycol starch.
- Macrogol 400.
- Magnesium stearate.
- Silicon dioxide.
The medication is also available in the form of a solution of 0.2% for infusions of 50 or 100 ml. There are also ampoules of 1% of the substance in 10 ml (this concentrate must be diluted with special preparations before use).
Indications for use
Before considering analogues of Ciprofloxacin in tablets, you need to familiarize yourself with the cases in which this medicine is used. The drug is prescribed for the effective treatment and prevention of infectious and inflammatory pathologies.
The medication is used to combat such diseases:
- Sinusitis, frontal sinusitis, otitis media, sinusitis, pharyngitis, mastoiditis.
- Chronic or acute bronchitis, cystic fibrosis, bronchiectasis, pneumonia, respiratory tract infection.
- Gonorrhea, adnexitis, chlamydia, prostatitis.
- Cystitis, pyelonephritis.
- Burns, ulcerative infections, abscesses, phlegmon.
- Bacterial damage to the gastrointestinal tract, bile ducts, intraperitoneal abscess.
- Prevention of infection after surgery.
- Pulmonary anthrax.
- Osteomyelitis, septic arthritis.
- Complicated infections against the background of immunodeficiency, which arise as a result of the treatment of neutropenia with specific medicines.
Analogues of “Ciprofloxacin” in tablets are prescribed to patients only if the therapy has not given the desired result. For children from 5 to 18 years of age, this medication is prescribed to combat lung cystic fibrosis. The infusion solution is indicated for eye infections and blood poisoning. To understand what the 500 mg Ciprofloxacin tablets are from, you need to study the instructions for the drug. Experts note that the pills are effective for routine selective intestinal decontamination.
Contraindications
Before use, it is worth studying the instructions for the use of "Ciprofloxacin" in tablets. And the doctor should select analogues. But first you need to consider that this medication can not be taken by those who have an increased sensitivity to quinolones. The drug is not prescribed for pregnant and lactating women, as well as children and adolescents. In case of impaired renal function, at the first stage they give a standard dose, and only then they gradually decrease taking into account creatinine clearance. The drug is also not recommended for use in combination with medicines whose action is aimed at reducing acidity in the stomach.
Instructions for the use of tablets "Ciprofloxacin"
Analogues of this drug are of little interest to patients, since in most cases it is well tolerated. The studied drug can be used regardless of food intake. But taking the drug on an empty stomach significantly accelerates the absorption of the active substance by the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract. Pills must be washed down with a small amount of still water. In each case, the dosage and duration of the therapeutic course are selected individually, since everything depends on the patient's condition.
The standard single dose of the drug is 500-750 mg, which must be divided into two doses. A maximum of 1,500 milligrams of the drug can be consumed per day. Classical therapy is designed for 14 days. But in some cases, the patient needs to take Ciprofloxacin for two months.
200 to 400 mg are administered intravenously. Injections should be done in the morning and evening. The duration of treatment is selected in accordance with the pathology. For more effective therapy, Ciprofloxacin must be administered via a dropper. The ophthalmic form of the drug is instilled under the lower eyelid every 3 hours. Gradually, the interval between procedures is increased. The duration of treatment depends on the disease. The dosage of the drug is substantially adjusted if the patient has been diagnosed with a malfunction in the liver.
Adverse reactions
Improper use of Ciprofloxacin 500mg tablets may adversely affect the entire body. In such a situation, the following adverse reactions may occur:
- Digestive system: diarrhea, flatulence, nausea, characteristic abdominal pain, cholesterol jaundice, vomiting, hepatitis, anorexia, hepatonecrosis.
- Central nervous system: nightmares, dizziness, sleep disturbance, depression, increased intracranial pressure, cerebral artery thrombosis, hallucinations, fatigue, peripheral paramnesia, nightmares.
- Urinary system: crystalluria, urinary retention, albuminuria, urethral bleeding, polyuria, urinary retention.
- Cardiovascular system: tachycardia, arterial hypotension, flushing to the skin of the face, bradycardia.
- Hematopoietic system: thrombocytopenia, hemolytic anemia, leukopenia, leukocytosis.
- Laboratory studies: hyperglycemia, increased activity of hepatic transaminases, hyperglycemia, hypoprothrombinemia.
- Arthritis, tendon rupture, arthralgia, myalgia, vasculitis, general weakness, candidiasis, pseudomembranous colitis.
- Local reactions: general pain, phlebitis, hyperemia.
- Allergic manifestations: urticaria, facial swelling, shortness of breath, drug fever, pinpoint hemorrhage, erythema nodosum, Quincke's edema.
Overdose
Negative consequences can only be avoided if you study the instructions for the use of Ciprofloxacin 500 tablets. Analogues of the medication are needed if the patient has an individual sensitivity to the components of the drug. Exceeding the allowable dosage is fraught with the development of nausea, headache, vomiting, dizziness, muscle cramps, impaired consciousness, hallucinations. In this situation, doctors recommend rinsing the patient’s stomach, taking an intestinal sorbent. There is no specific antidote.
Analogues of "Ciprofloxacin" in tablets
Without side effects, medications are extremely rare. The patient can choose a drug with the same active substance or a medicine with a similar principle of action, but a completely different composition.
Substitutes "Ciprofloxacin" in tablets:
- "Tsiprobay."
- Tsiprolet.
- Ecocifol.
- "Tseprova."
- "Procipro".
- Quintor.
- Tsiprolet.
Previously, the patient must study the instructions for use. Analogues of Ciprofloxacin 500mg tablets are sold in every pharmacy. Drops can be replaced with the drug "Rocip", "Betaciprol", "Ciprolon". The selection of Ciprofloxacin analogues in 500 mg tablets is best left to the doctor. Only after a full examination and diagnosis of the disease can you choose the right medicine that will affect the patient’s body solely on the positive side.
special instructions
The drug "Ciprofloxacin" is prescribed with caution in case of cerebrovascular accident, which is accompanied by pronounced atherosclerosis of the cerebral vessels, epilepsy, mental pathologies, convulsive syndrome, as well as renal failure. During treatment, the patient must drink plenty of fluids. In order not to provoke the development of adverse reactions, contact with direct sunlight should be avoided.
In patients with an alkaline reaction of urine, cases of crystalluria have been repeatedly recorded. Experts do not recommend exceeding the permissible therapeutic dose, so as not to aggravate the situation. Tendon pain and signs of tenosynovitis are the main signal for stopping therapy. The components of Ciprofloxacin can slow down the speed of the psychomotor reaction, which must be remembered by patients who work with potentially dangerous mechanisms.
The use of the drug during pregnancy and lactation
The safety of the use of the medication for women in the position has not been established. The use of "Ciprofloxacin" during pregnancy is possible only if there is evidence. Doctors must be sure that the benefits to the mother's body will exceed the risks to the fetus. The active components of the drug are excreted along with breast milk, which is why lactating women need to decide whether to stop breastfeeding or refuse treatment. Drops during lactation are used as carefully as possible to minimize the likelihood of negative effects on the fetus.
Interaction with other medicines
The combination of Ciprofloxacin with multifunctional barbiturates should be accompanied by increased control of ECG, heart rate and blood pressure. In combination with Didanosine, the absorption of Ciprofloxacin by the mucous membrane of the stomach and intestines is significantly reduced. If the patient will combine the medication with Warfarin, this will significantly increase the risk of developing internal bleeding.
Due to the combined use with "Theophylline", an increase in the content of the active substance in blood plasma is possible. This situation is fraught with destructive toxic effects of the drug on the body. The combined use of universal antacids and medicines containing zinc, aluminum, magnesium or iron ions can significantly reduce the absorption of Ciprofloxacin. The minimum interval between doses of these medicines should be 5 hours.
The multifunctional infusion solution “Ciprofloxacin” is incompatible with all concentrated drugs and drugs that are physically and chemically unstable at acidic pH. It is strictly forbidden to mix the solution for intravenous administration with substances having a pH of more than 7. Adverse reactions can be very unpredictable, which is why it is better not to experiment with your own health.
Recommendations of specialists
Hemodialysis patients should take Ciprofloxacin tablets only after the procedure. Patients in old age need to reduce the standard dosage by 35%. The drug is prescribed with extreme caution when lowering the threshold of convulsive readiness, severe cerebrosclerosis, brain damage. The medicine is forbidden to use for serious impaired renal and hepatic function. During treatment, it is necessary to avoid increased physical exertion. Be sure to control the acidity of the urine and drinking regimen. Otherwise, it will be difficult to avoid the development of adverse reactions.