ADS vaccine is a drug that is given to prevent diphtheria and tetanus. This vaccine is used in many CIS countries and is combined. Usually, if the child has no contraindications, then the DTP vaccine is used , but in the case of previously transferred pertussis, the DTP vaccine is used. For the prevention of tetanus and diphtheria in children over the age of 6 years, as well as in adults, the ADS-M vaccine is used. It has a reduced content of diphtheria component, its counterpart is the French Imovax D.T. Adult. The vaccine ADS-M is produced by Russian manufacturers and is very widely used both in Russia and in neighboring countries.
ADV vaccination is available between the ages of four and six. If at this time the vaccine was not given, then after reaching six years, ADS-M vaccination is carried out . There are no components for the control of whooping cough in the ADS and ADS-M vaccines. There are times when a child in early childhood had already had whooping cough, but he was not vaccinated with DTP, then it is necessary to vaccinate with DTP -toxoid. Two vaccinations are carried out with a periodicity of one month and one more after a year.
If the time has come for re-vaccination with DTP, and the baby had already managed to get whooping cough at that time, then he will be vaccinated with DTP, which is repeated a year later. In our country, a child who is over 4 years old is not vaccinated against whooping cough (according to plan).
Let us consider in more detail those diseases for the prevention of which the ADS vaccine is used.
Diphtheria
This is an infectious disease that causes general intoxication of the body. Fibrinous inflammation of the tonsils, nose, and larynx occurs, and the skin and mucous membranes of the eyes become inflamed. When this disease occurs, the patient rises in temperature, redness of the pharynx and gray-dirty raids appear.
If a person falls ill with the toxic form of diphtheria, then if he does not provide timely medical care, he may die on the second day. The most common complications that arise with this disease are damage to the nervous system. This can be expressed as paralysis of the soft palate or polyradiculoneuritis of the limbs. In addition, complications from the kidneys, lungs, and heart are dangerous (pyelonephritis, glomerulonephritis, myocarditis, pneumonia).
Diphtheria, the causative agent of which is diphtheria bacillus, is transmitted by airborne droplets, and its pathogen can live in dust for several weeks. You can also become infected by contact with objects that a person with diphtheria has used.
Since 2001, the ADV vaccine has been used in large quantities in Russia and therefore, only a few rays of this dangerous disease are noted today.
Tetanus
This, like diphtheria, is an infectious disease in which rapid intoxication of the human nervous system occurs, resulting in muscle cramps.
The development of the disease begins with the fact that the pathogen enters the resulting wound. The first signs are the appearance of spasms of chewing muscles. Later, convulsions of the remaining muscles of the head, back and entire body occur. The occurrence of these seizures can cause even a slight fluctuation in air or noise, as well as any other factors. Even the use of modern technology and medical knowledge cannot guarantee the salvation of a person who is ill with tetanus. The probability of a fatal outcome is about 70%, usually death occurs due to paralysis of the respiratory muscles. That is why the ADV vaccine is so relevant, its timely use protects a person from the possibility of contracting tetanus.
The causative agent of the disease is tetanus bacillus, which is present almost everywhere. In the form of spores, this microorganism can remain for several decades. It is very resistant to high temperatures and can easily withstand temperatures up to 90 degrees for two hours. Boiling for 50 minutes or exposure to dry steam, whose temperature is about 115 degrees, for 20 minutes allows you to kill this microbe.
The tetanus pathogen itself is completely harmless to rabbits, goats, sheep, pigs, horses, cows and lives in their intestines. It should be noted that an animal or person who is sick with tetanus is not contagious.
Infection with this disease occurs through wounds or mucous membranes. There are three types of tetanus: traumatic; one that complicates the inflammatory processes and cryptogenic tetanus (in this case, the route of infection in the body is not established). It is preventive vaccinations that protect the body from tetanus.
Obviously, these two diseases pose a serious threat not only to health but also to life, so you must do everything possible to protect yourself and your loved ones from infection! But since it is impossible to foresee everything, preventive vaccinations (including ADS and ADSM vaccines) will come to the rescue, which will not allow the disease to develop (even when the microbe enters the body) or will allow it to be transferred in the lightest form.