Pablo Picasso is a talented Spanish and French artist, sculptor. He is one of the founders of cubism. The name Pablo Picasso (at birth - Pablo Diego José Francisco de Paula Juan Nepomuseno Maria de los Remedios Cipriano de la Santisima Trinidad Martir Patricio Ruiz and Picasso) was very long, so he used his mother's name to sign his works. He is one of the most famous artists of the 20th century. According to art historians, his works are the most expensive. Below is a brief overview of the life and work of Pablo Picasso.
Children's and youthful years of the artist
Date of birth Pablo Picasso - October 25, 1881, was born in Spain. He began to paint from an early age. The first lessons the boy was given by his father, who was a drawing teacher. The family of Pablo Picasso was simple, despite the fact that the mother belonged to a rich family of owners of vineyards. The young artist made great strides and already at the age of 8 he painted his first painting.
In a brief biography of Pablo Picasso, it should be noted that in 1891 the boy moved with his family to the northern part of Spain, because his father began to teach drawing in La Coruña. The boy continued his studies at the local art school from 1894 to 1895.
Then the family moved to Barcelona, and in 1895, Picasso began to study at the La Lonja School of Fine Arts. Even then, people were able to appreciate his talent: Picasso was young to study at this school, but his father insisted that his son try to enter on a competitive basis. He excellently passed all the exams and began his studies.
In 1897, Pablo continued his studies in the visual arts in Madrid. But most of the time he devoted to studying the collections of the Prado Museum. Studying at the academy, which adhered to classical traditions, seemed to the artist too boring.
In 1898, he returned to Barcelona and entered into one society of artists, which gathered in a bohemian cafe. In a brief biography of Pablo Picasso it is noted that it was in this cafe in 1900 that the first exhibitions of his works took place. Then the artist met with C. Casagemas and H. Sabartes, whom he then depicted on his canvases.
Blue and pink periods
In a brief biography of Pablo Picasso, you need to give a small description of the "blue" and "pink" periods. In 1900, the artist, along with Casagemas, goes to Paris. At the World Exhibition, he gets acquainted with the work of the Impressionists. That period was not easy for Picasso, and Casagemas suicide was a big shock for the young artist.
Under the influence of these circumstances, in early 1902, Picasso began to create in the style that was called "blue." The main themes of the paintings were old age, death, poverty, longing and melancholy. The people depicted in the paintings seem thoughtful, slow, immersed in their inner world. Among all the shades, the artist uses blue most of all. The heroes of the paintings of Picasso were crippled and representatives of the lower strata of society. His canvases are somewhat similar to the work of the artist El Greco.
In 1904, Picasso moved to Paris and his dormitory for poor artists became his dwelling. This was the beginning of the “pink” period in his work. The themes of the circus and theater replaced the sad images. The palette was dominated by pink-golden and pink-gray, and the main characters of the paintings were vagrant artists. In these paintings, the romantic spirit of a lonely wandering artist was felt.
"Girl on the Ball"
This work is the most famous creation of the "pink" period. It was written in 1905. The heroes of the picture "Girl on the Ball" are a fragile gymnast and a resting athlete. The main theme of the canvas is a traveling circus.
The gymnast fulfills her number on the ball, and the athlete rests on the cube. The landscape evokes despondency, longing and contrasts with the cheerful craft of circus artists. Also, the contrast in this picture is represented by the geometric figures depicted - a cube and a ball, a mobile gymnast and a resting athlete.
In 1913, this canvas was acquired by I. A. Morozov, and in 1948 it became part of the exposition of the State Museum of Fine Arts. A.S. Pushkin.
Cubism
In a brief biography of Pablo Picasso, a special place is occupied by the theme of cubism. The artist became interested in more analysis of forms than experiments with color. Together with J. Braque in 1907, he creates a new direction in the visual arts - cubism. Most often on the canvases by Picasso depicted still lifes, musical instruments and other objects that were inherent in the representatives of bohemia.
The period of cubism in the artist’s work ended after the First World War. But some elements of cubism appeared in the paintings of Picasso until 1921.
Period of surrealism
In a brief biography of Pablo Picasso, it should be noted that the period of surrealism is one of the ambiguous and uneven periods in the artist's work. Absolutely unreal world appears on the canvases, a difficult atmosphere for perception. There were strange creatures in the paintings, shapeless, screaming or aggressively sensual images.
During this period, he created calm works that stood out from the rest. Most often during this creative period, the heroines of the paintings were women. The reasons for their frequent appearance, perhaps, were due to the fact that the artist did not get along well with his wife. In 1918, Picasso married the Russian ballerina Olga Khokhlova, and in 1921 the couple had a son.
The creation of sensual paintings by the artist was inspired by Maria-Teresa Walter, whom he met in 1932. During this period, Picasso creates busts, strange abstract forms from rough materials. But at the same time, in some works you can see that classical forms inspired him.
Creation of "Guernica"
In 1937, German and Italian aircraft destroyed Guernica, the capital of the Basques. This news shocked the artist so much that in two months Pablo Picasso wrote one of his most famous paintings - "Guernica". The play of colors creates the appearance of a fire, and the central place in the composition was given to the fallen warrior and the woman running up to him. This canvas conveys the horror and despair with which the inhabitants of Guernica were seized. This creation was exhibited at the World Exhibition in Paris.
During the war period, Picasso's paintings served as a reflection of that time: they were made in dark shades and conveyed a sense of anxiety. Then the main heroines of his paintings again became women with distorted faces, shapeless figures. From 1940 to 1944, Picasso remained in Paris and continued to create. In 1944, the artist joined the Communist Party, and in 1950 Picasso created the famous "Peace Dove."
Post-War Art
This period can be called happy for the artist. In 1945, he met Francoise Gilot, who would become the mother of his two children. The main theme of the paintings is family life. The artist and his family move to the south of France, full of Mediterranean charm.
Pablo Picasso creates not only paintings, but also engages in crafts and manual labor. He creates decorative plates, figurines, paintings. In 1953, Pablo disagrees with his wife, during this period he writes several remarkable works. In 1958, Picasso marries Jacqueline Rock, which inspires him to create new paintings.
The artist’s works differ in quality and variety. Pablo Picasso died on April 8, 1973 in France. A talented artist had a great influence on the development of fine art.