Today, there are various methods of contraceptives. The main objective of any of them is to protect against unwanted pregnancy. Barrier products, in addition, prevent the penetration of pathogens of sexually transmitted diseases into the body. How effective are today's methods?
Contraceptives for women. Vaginal diaphragm
This tool is made in the form of a domed rubber cap. It is selected depending on the size: from 50 to 150 millimeters. For nulliparous women, as a rule, a diaphragm of 60-65 mm is suitable, for those who have already given birth, the optimal size is 70-75 mm. After weight loss or childbirth, the size of the contraceptive is selected again. Its advantage is ease of use, the ability to use it several times, safety and providing reliable protection against sexually transmitted diseases. However, there are contraindications. In particular, the use of the drug is not recommended for abnormal development of the genitals, cervical erosion , endocervicitis, colpitis.
Hormonal drugs
There are a sufficient number of types of contraceptives that provide protection. The action of hormonal agents is based on the use of synthetic analogues of natural ovarian hormones. This method is considered one of the most effective means today. Oral contraceptive methods have several advantages. In particular, their use does not depend on sexual intercourse, their effect is reversible (do not affect the ability to become pregnant in the future). Along with this, hormonal drugs have an impressive list of contraindications. Among them, in particular, disorders in the cardiovascular system, overweight, diabetes, smoking, age (after forty years, the use is not recommended).
Spermicidal agents
Today, there are many contraceptives in the form of ointments, foams, creams. These spermicidal preparations include potent surfactants that can destroy sperm cell membranes. These include, in particular, Farmateks, Contracentol, Dolphin and others. Boric, lactic, and acetic acids have a similar effect. As a rule, these substances are douching after sexual contact.
Latest tools
Contraceptive methods related to the “latest developments” are not so numerous. These include, in particular, injections and implants. Among such funds, in particular, should be called "Depot-progesterone", "Norplant", "Depot-checker".
Irreversible ways
Contraceptive methods such as sterilization surgery are considered by many to be the most reliable. However, experts note that there are exceptions when using this method.
Other methods. Contraceptives for men
Condoms as a way of protection are widespread enough. This method is used in almost 20-30% of cases of sexual contact. However, experts note that the clinical effectiveness of condoms is relatively low. Moreover, this method provides the best protection against penetration of pathogens of genital infections. It should be said that until recently, these contraceptives were available only for men. Today, there are condoms for women. This type of protection, such as sterilization, can also be used in men.