Diseases of the female genitourinary system can have serious consequences. In addition, they have very unpleasant symptoms. One of these diseases is chronic adnexitis. What it is and what features it has, you will learn further.
general description
So, this pathology is an inflammatory process that is localized in the fallopian tubes and ovaries. In this case, purulent exudate accumulates in the gaps of the appendages.
It should be noted that such inflammation can be unilateral or bilateral. In addition, it has two forms: acute and chronic. Each of them is characterized by its own characteristics and nature of the flow.
Chronic adnexitis (what it is, you already understood) can occur under the influence of harmful microorganisms and bacteria. For example, E. coli, chlamydia, etc. may be the causative agent of the pathology. It should be understood that under the influence of these microorganisms the walls of the damaged organ are destroyed and inflamed.
Causes of the appearance of pathology
Chronic adnexitis (what it is, described in detail below) can trigger such factors:
1. Operations on the internal genital organs, including abortion.
2. Subcooling.
3. Non-observance of hygiene rules.
4. Allergic reactions to protective equipment (condoms).
5. Stress or nervous strain.
6. Injury to internal organs.
7. Taking medications that help to reduce immunity and upset the balance of microorganisms.
8. Random sex and infectious diseases.
9. Complex birth.
Symptoms of a chronic form of pathology
Chronic adnexitis (what it is, you probably already understood) has a certain set of signs by which it can be distinguished from its acute form. There are such symptoms of this pathology:
- Constant dull pain in the lower abdomen. It should be noted that its strengthening occurs during overload of the body, hypothermia.
- Disorders of the monthly cycle: there is less discharge.
- There may be an increase in body temperature, and it can last more than a week.
- Decreased sexual function.
As you can see, the signs of chronic adnexitis are not specific, they can very easily be confused with other diseases. This may be why women often come to the doctor late. In some cases, the situation is almost impossible to correct.
Acute signs
Above, we examined what chronic adnexitis looks like. Treatment (drugs are prescribed in most cases) should begin after a thorough examination of the patient. However, you still need to consider the signs of an acute form of pathology. It is characterized by the following symptoms:
1. An increase in body temperature to 39 degrees.
2. The appearance of chills.
3. Strong pain in the groin.
4. A strong increase in appendages on one or both sides. When probing these areas with a doctor, a woman feels a sharp pain.
5. Bloody or purulent discharge from the cervix.
6. Nausea and even vomiting.
If the acute form is not treated promptly and effectively, then it becomes chronic adnexitis. Treatment (the drugs used in this case, we will describe below) in this case is protracted and complicated. Therefore, try to contact specialists at the first symptoms of the disease.
Features of the diagnosis of pathology
So, as already mentioned, a woman needs a full examination before prescribing any therapy. It includes such procedures:
- External examination of the patient by a gynecologist: palpation. In addition, the patient must do a pregnancy test, because such symptoms can occur with its ectopic form.
- Testing of urine and vaginal discharge, a general blood test. A smear of microflora can show the presence of those microorganisms that are characteristic of the presented disease.
- Ultrasound. Moreover, this procedure is carried out intravaginally. Thanks to this study, the doctor will be able to assess the condition of the uterine appendages and come closer to determining the severity of the disease.
- Laparoscopy. This study should be carried out in cases where there are doubts about the reliability of the diagnosis.
- Hysterosalpingography. Thanks to this analysis, specialists will find out the degree of patency of the fallopian tubes.
Chronic bilateral adnexitis is a complex disease that threatens a woman with multiple complications. Therefore, a thorough diagnosis will help not only establish the pathology, but also determine the methods for its elimination.
Features of drug treatment of pathology
Exacerbation of chronic adnexitis (the symptoms are aggravated) can happen quite often. In order to prevent this, it is necessary to undergo drug therapy in a timely manner. As already mentioned, treatment should be comprehensive and comprehensive. Best of all, if the fight against pathology will take place in a hospital hospital, as it involves bed rest. It includes taking such drugs:
- Antibiotics: Azithromycin, Erythromycin, Metronidazole. The course of taking these drugs is at least a week. If you yourself refuse them or change the regimen, then the treatment may be delayed, and the effect will disappear.
- Disintoxicants: "Neohaemodesus", "Reopoliglyukin". These drugs are used to cleanse the body of a woman from the waste products of harmful microbes and bacteria. In this case, the weight of the patient and her general physical condition should be taken into account.
- Preparations for improving blood circulation in the vessels: "Heparin".
- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs that have an analgesic effect: "Diclofenac", "Ibuprofen".
- Antibacterial drugs: Pefloxacin.
In addition, the patient will need rehabilitation therapy, which will help her strengthen her immune system.
Physiotherapy and Disease
Chronic ovarian adnexitis must also be treated with physiotherapeutic procedures. For example, baths and douching with the use of dimexide and furatsilina can provide a good effect. In addition, a method such as dosed hypothermia can be used. That is, ice can be applied to the affected area 3 times a day, but not more than 10 minutes.
In addition to these methods, there are also hardware methods of treatment: dynamic currents, ultraviolet radiation, magnetic therapy. A good effect is provided by microclysters with a warm solution of novocaine and potassium iodide. You can still apply the following procedures:
- Electrophoresis.
- Acupuncture.
- Vitamin therapy.
- Laser stimulation.
Is surgery necessary?
Acute chronic adnexitis in some cases requires surgery. Naturally, this radical measure is extreme, but sometimes only it can restore the pipe passability.
An operation is definitely needed if there are such threatening conditions:
1. The rupture of the pyosalpinx.
2. The absence of a visible effect after laparoscopic intervention during the day, that is, when drainage of the abdominal cavity was useless. In this case, the operation should be carried out in the next day.
3. Diffuse inflammation of the abdominal wall.
If during the progression of the pathology the uterine appendages were severely damaged or altered, then they must be removed. When appointing such a procedure, the general physical condition of the patient, her age, nature and extent of the destructive process should be taken into account. Naturally, it is also necessary to pay attention to the possibility of oncological changes.
If a woman already has children, then the doctor may decide to completely remove the uterus, along with the appendages.
Traditional medicine in the fight against the disease
How to treat chronic adnexitis with medications and other methods, you already know. Now you need to find out whether it is possible to help a sick woman with the help of folk recipes. The answer is yes. But herbs must be used in combination, in conjunction with other forms of treatment.
Such recipes will be useful for you:
1. Try to douche daily with warm solutions of infusions of herbs such as plantain, aloe, chamomile, oak bark.
2. Milk will be beneficial. It should be heated almost to a boil. Next, pour the liquid into the pelvis and sit over it so that hot steam can penetrate the vagina.
3. Potato juice works from the inside out. You just need to drink it daily on an empty stomach.
4. Collect such a composition of herbs: strawberry and birch leaves, yarrow, stigmas of corn, a succession. All this you need to take 10 grams. Next, mix all the plants well. Take two large spoons of the composition and steam 1.5 liters of freshly boiled water. Note that the resulting liquid must be infused for at least five days. Then you can take a decoction of half a glass three times a day. The course of treatment is 30 days.
5. Tampons with honey and propolis help fight the disease well. For this, the ingredients are taken in equal proportions. Honey and propolis need to be well heated in a water bath, but do not let them boil, otherwise all useful qualities will be destroyed. Stir foods constantly while heating. Next, take a swab and moisten it with the mixture. After it cools down, you can insert it into the vagina and leave it there all night.
Adnexitis and pregnancy
This question is very important for young girls suffering from this pathology. It should be noted right away that chronic adnexitis and pregnancy are opposite concepts. The possibility of a long-awaited conception cannot be ruled out, especially with the proper treatment of the disease. However, this may not happen soon and not as easy as we would like. Naturally, before the alleged conception, it is necessary to treat the disease and make sure that the pipes are passable. Note that conception should be carried out after consulting a doctor to exclude the possibility of an ectopic pregnancy.
If the process escalated already during pregnancy, then the woman needs increased attention of the doctor. The fact is that inflammation can lead to an abortion. In addition, treatment should be selected so that it does not harm the unborn baby.
Complications of the disease
It should be noted that other diseases can join the pathology presented. Often, a woman, along with adnexitis, has to treat infectious pathologies.
A complication can also be the difficulty in conceiving a child. In some cases, the disease can provoke a complete infertility of a woman. This can occur due to obstruction of the fallopian tubes, as well as the absence of ovulation. And the patient may have an ectopic pregnancy, which is also fraught with the removal of the uterus and appendages.
Adnexitis is also able to provoke the development of an adhesion process, which, in turn, can "provide" you with bowel obstruction. The disease contributes to the spread of inflammation to other internal organs. A concomitant pathology may be cystitis or pyelonephritis.
Forecast
It can be called relatively positive. The disease itself cannot be called fatal. However, it leads to serious consequences. With effective and timely treatment, specialists not only manage to eliminate and stop the inflammatory process, but also completely restore the woman’s health. At the same time, the possibility of a full sexual life and conception of children remains.
However, neglected cases can be fraught with the removal of the uterus and appendages, and this leads not only to the absence of children, but also to lifelong hormone therapy. Therefore, try to see a doctor on time.
Pathology Prevention
Exacerbation of chronic adnexitis (treatment is carried out according to the prescribed scheme) is an unpleasant phenomenon. In order for this disease not to bother you, certain rules must be observed:
- Orderly sexual relationships.
- Thorough personal hygiene.
- Wear underwear only from natural materials.
- Regular checkups with a female doctor.
- Use of condoms during sexual intercourse to prevent infections.
That's all the features of this insidious disease. Be healthy!