One of the popular modern antimicrobial agents that are widely distributed in various fields of medicine (including gynecology) is Metronidazole tablets. The instruction for the use of this medication states that the medication is one of the antimicrobial, antiprotozoal, can be used not only as part of a therapeutic course, but also to prevent diseases.
When will it help?
Metronidazole tablets are used, following the instructions for use, for: giardiasis, other forms of protozoal infection, including amoebiasis, as well as vaginitis, urethritis caused by trichomonas. The drug helps with leishmaniasis, giardiasis, trichomoniasis. You can use tablets for pathologies caused by invasion of bacteroids. "Metronidazole" is effective for joint, bone, nervous infectious diseases, brain abscess, meningitis, endocarditis of a bacterial nature. You can use the drug for pulmonary inflammation and abscess, blood poisoning and empyema.
The instructions for use of the Metronidazole tablets (500 and 250 mg) are recommended for diseases due to infection with clostridia, pepto-, peptostreptococci. The drug is indicated for infection of the abdominal cavity, pelvic organs. You can use the composition when pseudomembranous colitis appears against the background of antimicrobial therapy. The drug helps with gastric pathologies due to Helicobacter pylori activity.
The nuances of using
The instructions for use of the Metronidazole tablets (250 mg, 500 mg) are recommended as a prophylactic with an increased likelihood of complications during surgery. This is especially true if the near-rectal region, female reproductive organs, colon or appendectomy are affected.
The drug has found application in oncology. Following the instructions for use, Metronidazole Nycomed tablets (as well as other variations of Metronidazole) can be taken as part of radiation therapy for malignant neoplasms. The tool has established itself as a radiosensitizing agent. Such treatment will give the best results if the resistance of the tumor to treatment is explained by oxygen starvation of individual neoplasm cells.
Prices and analogues
On average, about 10 rubles are asked for in each package of the drug in question in pharmacies. The specific cost is determined by the amount of substance in the pack, the dosage of the active compound in one copy, as well as the price policy of the pharmacy. If necessary, choose a replacement should consult a doctor and study the instructions for use. The price of analogues of tablets "Metronidazole" on average is also low, but much depends on the manufacturer: imported goods are more expensive than domestic.
Popular substitutes for the drug in question:
- Metrogil (costs about 20 rubles).
- "Klion" (price - from 50 rubles).
- “Flagil” (more than a hundred rubles).
If it is impossible to purchase a product prescribed by a doctor, you should first of all pay attention to pharmaceutical products based on the same compound as the tablets in question. Information about the active ingredient must be indicated on the outside of the package and in the instructions for use with the tablets. Metronidazole analogues based on metronidazole are sold under the names Trichopol and Rosamet (prices, respectively, are 100 and 200 rubles per pack), as well as Rosex. The last drug costs significantly more than others - more than 500 rubles per package, is available in the form of a cream. The manufacturer is the French company "Laboratory Halderma."
Do I need it?
The effectiveness of the drug in question is confirmed by numerous reviews of the tablets "Metronidazole". In the instructions for use, the manufacturer specifies that a safe and effective course of treatment will only be when using the composition under the supervision of the attending doctor and in strict accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations. Persons who took the drug, following the advice of a professional, were satisfied with the therapeutic result.
At the same time, you can meet a number of negative opinions about the effectiveness of Metronidazole. Some are dissatisfied with the nuances of the wording, incomprehensibility for the layman of the instructions for use. Reviews about the price of Metronidazole tablets mostly agree that the drug is affordable and worth the money, but some people who used it without permission, without the advice of a doctor, encountered unpleasant side effects; the course of treatment did not become a cure for the disease. As a rule, this is due to the poor choice of dose or duration of the treatment program. To avoid such troubles, you need to use tablets only after the recommendation of a specialist. For non-compliance with the rules of admission, the instructions for the use of tablets "Metronidazole" price, according to reviews - gastrointestinal disorders, headache, some other body reactions.
"Metronidazole": tablets or not only?
The easiest way to take the drug is for oral use, but there are several other forms of release, each of which is optimal for a particular case. For example, under a certain range of conditions, a doctor may recommend treatment with Metronidazole for intravenous administration. In pharmacies, powder is sold, on the basis of which liquid for injection is prepared. As a rule, this form is used for therapy in a hospital. There is also a solution for infusion.
As can be seen from the instructions for use of tablets "Metronidazole" 500 mg, this form is designed for oral administration. The active ingredient is mixed with a number of stabilizing compounds and coated with a film coating. Thanks to this, the tablets are convenient to take, they are stored for a long time.
Options and Forms
Vaginal tablets are also on sale. They are used to treat a variety of gynecological diseases, if the features of the diagnosis require local application of an antimicrobial compound.
Metronidazole tablets are recommended not only for women, but also for men, for oral administration in a number of infectious diseases caused by life-forms sensitive to the drug. There are regular tablets on sale, without a film coating. Also in pharmacies is a suspension intended for oral use.
Variants of "Metronidazole" for external use are developed and produced: cream and gels. They are common (like tablets) in dentistry. Instructions for use with Metronidazole are for vaginal suppositories, applicable in gynecology. Finally, a special vaginal gel is available.
Strongly impossible!
Before the initial use of the composition, it is important to carefully read the instructions for use of tablets "Metronidazole". The price of the drug is quite low, so the tool is available to many, but there are contraindications inherent in it, limiting the circle of people whom the drug will help. In particular, it is strictly forbidden to use tablets against the background of hypersensitivity to metronidazole or any auxiliary substance used by the manufacturer to make the product. A complete list of all compounds is given in the instructions that accompany the release, the set of components may vary - it all depends on the product, technology used by the manufacturer.
In the instructions for use of "Metronidazole" as a contraindication indicated leukopenia, including previously transferred. You can not apply the composition if organic impairments of the nervous system are established. This limitation applies to epilepsy. The tool is not suitable for pregnant women in the first third of the term and for mothers who are breast-feeding a baby. Do not use tablets in high dosage in case of liver failure.
In the second and third trimesters, when carrying a child, the drug can be used, but only under the supervision of a doctor. A similar limitation is mentioned in the instructions for use of Metronidazole in relation to persons suffering from impaired liver and kidney function.
Reception Nuances
For non-compliance with the instructions for the use of Metronidazole tablets, the price is the ineffectiveness of the therapeutic program, therefore it is important to follow in detail the conditions mentioned in the accompanying documentation, as well as all the requirements of the doctor. The tablets are taken orally, during a meal or immediately after it. You can drink Metronidazole with milk. Chewing instances is not required, as well as violating the integrity of the capsules in a different way.
The specific dosage and duration of the course are determined by the diagnosis. Much depends on the specific features of the condition, background diseases.
Diagnoses and Doses
The instructions for use of the Metronidazole tablet for trichomoniasis are shown in a ten-day course. The drug is used twice daily, taking 250 mg at a time. An alternative program is an eight-day course of use twice a day for 400 mg of the drug. If the treatment is female, additionally, tablets or suppositories should be used vaginally. If there is a need for a second course, the dose is increased to a gram per day. Between approaches, four-week breaks should be taken, regularly passing samples for control analyzes. Another format of treatment is a single dose of 2 g of the composition at the same time by the patient and his regular sexual partner.
With the same diagnosis and the need for prescribing treatment to a minor patient, instructions for using the Metronidazole tablet are recommended in the amount of 250 mg per day if the child is not older than five years. For the age group of 5-10 years, 250-375 mg is recommended per day, and for older age - 500 mg. The daily dose is divided into two doses. The duration of therapy is ten days.
Options and programs
If giardiasis is detected, Metronidazole is indicated to be used in a seven-day program, taking 500 mg of the drug twice a day. With a similar diagnosis in a child younger than one year of age, the optimal course is 125 mg per day. For the age group up to four years, twice as much per day should be used, for people 5-8 years old - 375 mg per day. For patients eight years of age and older, 500 mg is prescribed per day, divided into two approaches. The duration of the treatment program is five days.
If the diagnoses confirmed giardiasis, Metronidazole is used in a five-day program. For a day, the dose is calculated based on weight: 15 mg per kilogram. The resulting volume is divided into three equal portions.
With amoebiasis, not accompanied by symptoms, when a cyst is detected for a day, 1-1.5 g of the drug are shown in equal doses for 2-3 doses. The duration of treatment is up to one week. In the chronic form of the disease, it is recommended to take 0.5 g of the drug three times a day. Course duration - up to 10 days. In the acute form of dysentery caused by amoeba, 2.25 g of the drug are used per day, divided into three different doses. The course is continued until the symptoms disappear.
Options and rules for use
The instructions for using the Metronidazole tablet for alcoholism (liver abscess) should be used per day in an amount of 2.5 g. You can take the entire volume at a time, can be divided into several portions (up to three). Course duration - no more than five days. The program is supplemented with tetracycline drugs and other therapeutic methods at the discretion of the attending physician. With a hepatic abscess in children younger than three years of age, the dosage is a quarter less than the required adult, for the age group of 3-7 years - a third of the adult dose, for children under 10 years old - half.
If balantidiasis is detected, the drug is indicated three times in 24 hours to use a six-day program. The daily dose is 750 mg. With stomatitis, developing according to the ulcer scenario, an adult patient should take 500 mg of the drug twice a day. The treatment lasts five days. Children with ulcerative stomatitis, the drug in question is not prescribed.
Concluding the review: dosage rules
Treatment of pseudomembranous colitis requires taking 0.5 g of the drug up to four times a day. Eradication Helicobacter pylori is treated with a seven-day course: 0.5 g of medication is taken three times a day. The tool shows effectiveness only in combination with amoxicillin or other antibiotics. With anaerobic infection for a day, you can use up to 2 g of tablets.
In chronic alcoholism, the drug in question is prescribed for a long course - up to six months. On a day put 500 mg, used at a time.
As a preventative measure with a high probability of an infectious complication, Metronidazole is indicated in the amount of 0.75-1.5 g for 24 hours. The dose is divided into three doses. Tablets are used up to four days after interventions. An alternative program is a one-time use of 1 g of the drug on the first day after the event. With this option, a weekly prophylactic course is started 1-2 days after the intervention, using 750 mg of the drug orally for 24 hours.
If pronounced renal impairment is established, creatinine clearance is estimated at less than 10 ml / min, the daily dose should be halved.
Pharmacology: how does it work?
The product is based on 5-nitroimidazole processing products. When a substance enters the body, biochemical reactions are activated, during which the 5-nitro group is restored due to transport protein structures inside the cells - such are found in the organisms of the simplest, anaerobic life forms. Having recovered, the structure reacts with cellular DNA, inhibits the production of nucleic acids and provokes the death of a pathological life form.
The use of the drug in question for diseases associated with Helicobacter pylori is possible only in combination with amoxicillin. This antibiotic prevents the development of microorganism resistance to metronidazole.
A number of aerobic microorganisms do not show sensitivity to the drug. This is also characteristic of some selected anaerobes. If the disease is explained by mixed infection, anaerobes and aerobes are present at the same time, the medication gives a synergistic effect with antimicrobial agents, whereby the therapeutic course shows the desired result.
The possibility of using the drug for cancer is explained by an increase in sensitivity to radiation under the influence of active compounds. Metronidazole initiates disulfiram-like reactions. This gives an impetus to reparative processes.
Negative consequences
According to the instructions, Metronidazole can cause stomach pain and stool disorders. Some patients feel sick and vomit; colic occurs; a metallic taste dries or disturbs their mouths. There is a risk of developing stomatitis, glossitis. Occasionally, patients complain of ataxia, dizziness may occur, difficulties with coordination of movements arise. Sometimes people become irritable, depressed, excitable. The head may hurt. Metronidazole can cause weakness, sleep disturbances, or hallucinations, convulsions, and neuropathy.
The use of Metronidazole is associated with a risk of an allergic reaction. This can occur on the skin in the form of a rash, redness, urticaria. There is a risk of fever, runny nose, arthralgia. In certain cases, you may encounter impaired functioning of the urinary system, including a change in the color of urine to brick brown. Possible changes in the cardiogram, neutro, leukopenia. To minimize the likelihood of negative consequences, you should use the medicine strictly under the supervision of a qualified doctor.
The nuances of using
In the accompanying documentation for the Metronidazole tablets, the manufacturer draws attention to the inadmissibility of the combination of the drug and ethanol. With such a combination, the likelihood of nausea, vomiting, pain in the stomach, flushing of the face is high. The head may hurt. Other disulfiram-like body responses are possible.
The combination with amoxicillin is recommended for adult patients. 18 .
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