Hematoma at the site of a bruise: effective methods of treatment, drugs, alternative methods

A hematoma is a formation that appeared during an injury, damage to soft tissues. With it, blood accumulates in a limited space. Often a hematoma appears at the site of the bruise. Sharp pain and swelling are also observed. The treatment of hematoma is described in the article.

Causes

What is the name of the bruise hematoma? It is also called a bruise. The main cause of the pathology is trauma, which leads to internal bleeding. This appears with bruising, bumping, pinching and other injuries. But a hematoma also occurs with non-traumatic damage to the vessel. Sometimes small bruises appear with diseases of the internal organs.

Although hematomas usually develop due to injuries, there are factors that affect their frequency of development and size. These include a decrease in blood coagulability, a violation of vascular permeability and an increase in their fragility. The likelihood of their occurrence is higher in older people, especially if there are chronic diseases, reduced immunity, exhaustion.

For no apparent reason

Sometimes bruises appear due to the development of certain ailments and pathologies:

• varicose veins;
• inflammatory vascular diseases;
• pathological fragility of blood vessels;
• diabetes mellitus;
• hemophilia and other bleeding disorders.

Still bruising occurs after taking the medication, during a phlebectomy. Timely and effective treatment of hematomas after an impact on the hands and other parts of the body can quickly improve the condition and prevent the development of complications.

Degrees

Usually hematomas at the site of injury are treated at home. But it is important to take into account the degree of injury, as the type of therapy may depend on it:

1. Easy. The completion of hematoma formation occurs in a day. There may be slight pain in the area of ​​the bruise and a slight bruising. Treatment is performed at home. Such bruises disappear on their own or with the help of simple external medicines.
2. Medium. Appears within 5 hours, has a pronounced bruising and non-intense pain. If a bruise is on a limb, then it will be limited in movement. Treatment of these bruises is best performed under the supervision of doctors, but it is also allowed on their own. However, even if the pain does not appear, the hematoma is not extensive, but the limb is motionless, then you should consult a doctor. The problem may be damage to the periosteum and a crack in the bone - this is treated in a hospital.
3. Heavy. Bruising occurs after 40-90 minutes, severe pain and absolute immobility of the limb (if trauma is on it) are observed. With this damage, you need to see a doctor for a full examination, treatment appointment. Sometimes surgical intervention is needed, with which it will be possible to restore the damaged organ.

According to the photo, the hematoma on the head after the impact, as in other parts of the body, does not look very beautiful. Therefore, timely assistance and effective treatment are needed.

Types of hematomas

The type of hematoma processes is determined depending on the site of localization. There are the following hematomas:

1. Subcutaneous It is characterized by a color change in the damaged area (for example, on the legs). Swelling and pain are also manifested.
2. Subzero located. Accumulation of blood is observed in the pectoral or celiac structures. These conditions are dangerous, the patient needs an urgent examination.
3. Intramuscular Blood pours into closed muscle spaces, which is dangerous. Subcutaneous hematoma with intramuscular are similar.
4. Headache. They are localized subdurally, epidurally and inside the brain. These hemorrhages adversely affect the functioning of the brain. After trauma, it is difficult to determine this hematoma, since it does not appear immediately. It is usually localized on the back of the head, temples, or on the forehead.

By blood consistency emit:

• fresh type of hematoma;
• with thick and clotted blood;
• infected type;
• purulent hematoma.

In relation to vascular tissue, a hematoma formation may pulsate and not pulsate. According to the clinic, hematomas appear diffuse, limited and reasoned. One must take into account the vastness of formations. Petechial, which develops from infections that penetrate the body, are small.

Diagnostics

Before performing the treatment of hematoma on the head after an impact, the doctor performs a diagnosis. The specialist needs to determine the degree of bruising: mild, moderate or severe. It is also determined whether there are fractures or complications.

If a hematoma appears after an impact on the head or other parts of the body, you need to contact a traumatologist. The specialist performs an x-ray, and then treatment is prescribed. In severe cases, the surgical method of treatment is used. If the bruise does not disappear for a long time, the doctor sends for a study, which allows you to determine the presence or absence of diseases due to which bruises appear.

First aid

Before treating soft tissue hematoma after a bruise, first aid should be provided:

1. Check that there is no damage to the musculoskeletal system. It is not difficult to do this: you need to move your fingers, joints, bend / bend. If there is acute pain or lack of movement, the help of a doctor is required.
2. Cold is applied to the injury site - ice, meat from the freezer, cold compress. This reduces the intensity of pain, prevents the formation of a hematoma. One subtlety should be taken into account: cold is applied to the injury site for no more than 15 minutes. Then you need to remove it for 20 minutes and perform the procedure again.
3. On the 2nd day after a bruise, an iodine network is applied to the hematoma site. With limited movement and no pain, massage is performed.

Only after first aid should a hematoma be treated for a blow to the arm, leg or other parts of the body. This is done by pharmacy and home remedies.

Pharmacy products

Treatment of soft tissue hematoma after a bruise is carried out by pharmaceuticals that can accelerate recovery:

1. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. These are Ibuprofen and Paracetamol in tablets. They can be taken from the first minutes of injury, 1-2 tablets every 4 hours. These drugs have analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects.
2. Enzymatic agents: Wobenzym or Flogenzim. They are taken orally, joint mobility is restored with them, swelling is relieved, the severity of the hematoma is reduced.
3. Viprosal or Apizartron preparations containing bee or snake venom. With them, the deep layers of soft tissues are warmed up, blood accumulations dissolve.
4. Capsicum. The ointment has a vasoconstrictor effect. With its use, the spread of the bruise is minimized, and pain is reduced.

The most effective means include those that are used locally. You can buy them at every pharmacy. Before treatment, it is important to read the instructions.

Ointments

How to treat hematoma at the site of a bruise? In pharmacies there are many ointments, but among them the most effective:

1. Heparin ointment, Troxevasinum. These funds absorb blood, restore, strengthen the walls of blood vessels. Bruises and swelling quickly go away with them.
2. "Lyoton" - a gel that accelerates the resorption of hematomas at the site of a bruise, as well as swelling. The drug differs from the rest in that it has a disinfecting effect. Lyoton can be applied to open wounds.
3. "Tramp" in the form of a gel. Created from a freshwater sponge. It has many organic components that are needed for a quick recovery. The gel is applied in the 1st hour after the injury.
4. "Rescuer" - a balm of natural plant extracts that are effective in combating hematomas at the site of a bruise.

These ointments are used in the treatment of bruises and bruises only with a mild degree of injury. In moderate to severe cases, a consultation with a doctor is necessary, followed by treatment.

ethnoscience

Treatment with folk remedies for a hematoma on the head after an impact or other parts of the body is allowed only if there are no serious consequences, and the bruise is not widespread:

1. In equal quantities, mix dry red wine and vinegar, add salt (1 tsp). In the finished product, moisten the gauze with a gauze and attach to the injury. The compress must be kept until dry, and then the procedure is repeated. If so treat a bruise and bruise during the first days after injury, then recovery occurs quickly.
2. After 2 hours, the injured area is wiped with camphor alcohol and a pressure bandage is applied. This method of treatment is advisable only with a slight bruise and the absence of severe pain.
3. Brewer's yeast is mixed with water in such an amount that a porridge mass is obtained. It must be laid out on a gauze napkin and applied to the bruised area for 2 hours. At least 2 procedures must be performed per day, discomfort will pass on the 3rd day.
4. Cabbage leaves and grated raw potatoes should be applied to the bruised area, then the skin temperature decreases, and the bruise and swelling decrease. The procedure takes 20-40 minutes.

Bruises with hematomas on the arms, legs and other parts of the body are not always the result of trauma. Before treatment, it is necessary to determine the degree of damage. If medical care is not needed, it is only necessary to carry out several procedures with folk remedies. If acute pain occurs, self-medication is prohibited.

During pregnancy

Specific retrochorial hematomas may occur during pregnancy. Their treatment in this period should be carried out under the supervision of a gynecologist. An examination is prescribed depending on the situation.

If the diagnosis is confirmed, the woman is prescribed proper nutrition, bed rest and absolute rest. Retrochorial hematomas during pregnancy are treated in a hospital. To control the development of the disease, a woman needs to donate blood. Treatment of these hematomas involves the use of antispasmodics, vitamins, and minerals.

In children

Hematomas and bruises in children appear often. When they appear, it is necessary to establish the degree of damage. When the pain is not severe, there are no signs of damage to the bones and joints, and the lesion is small, then hematoma should be treated at home. Otherwise, you need to visit a doctor.

In the treatment of small hematomas, therapeutic ointments or folk remedies are used:

1. It is necessary to soak the clay, and after a few minutes, wrap it in a dense material and attach it to the hematoma. A plastic film covers itself from above. The duration of the compress is 2 hours. The procedures are performed 2-3 times a day.
2. Grape seed extract and pine bark can be bought at pharmacies. They are also used in the treatment of bruises.
3. To prepare a salt compress, you will need salt (10-15 g), which is mixed with water (100 ml). In the finished solution, moisten the bandage and apply to the affected area, covering with a thick scarf. Hold the compress for at least ¼ hour.
4. An ointment based on hop cones is considered an effective remedy. Grind hops (50 g) and mix with natural fat (200 g). This ointment is applied to sore spots. It eliminates hematomas, abrasions, bruises.

Consequences and Prevention

In addition to pain, swelling of the skin and an unaesthetic type of hematoma, it can lead to complications. A launched injury with damage to the skin can cause the formation of a traumatic cyst. To treat such a pathology, only the surgical method is used.

With an internal hematoma, a purulent congestion sometimes appears on the leg, in which antibiotic therapy, physiotherapy, and surgery are needed. Pathology can be prevented if you consult a doctor in a timely manner.

It is necessary to lead a healthy lifestyle, to ensure adequate sleep. Sports and proper nutrition have a positive effect on health. With bruising, healing of the injured area is faster.

Hematoma after a bruise is an unpleasant phenomenon. But small-sized bruises are usually cured at home, and for severe injuries, you need to contact specialists.