Analgesics - a group of drugs designed to relieve pain and suppress pain activity. At the same time, a distinctive feature is that analgesics (the list of drugs included in this group will be presented below) do not significantly affect other types of sensitivity, which allows them to be used in activities requiring volitional efforts and attention.
According to the classification of modern medicine, there are two large groups of analgesic drugs:
- Narcotic analgesics (morphine derivatives). They are prescribed exclusively by a doctor for especially severe diseases. This drug group, in principle, does not belong to the category of treating drugs, helping only to stop the pain, but not eliminating its cause. Strong analgesics, such as the drug "Morphine" and similar painkillers, are substances that cause physical addiction and mental changes. The principle of their action is based on the interruption of neural transmission of pain impulses due to exposure to opiate receptors. Excessive intake of opiates (which includes the drug "Morphine") from the outside is fraught with the fact that it blocks the production of these substances by the body. As a result, there is a constant need to obtain them from the outside with an increase in dose. In addition, drugs of this group cause euphoria, inhibit the respiratory center. That is why only in cases of serious injuries, burns, various kinds of malignant tumors and in a number of other diseases, narcotic analgesics are prescribed . The list of most of these drugs belongs to the group of inaccessible drugs, some of them (for example, codeine-containing) are sold by prescription.
- Non-narcotic analgesic drugs are not addictive, but they have a significantly less pronounced analgesic effect. However, they do not cause a number of negative consequences, like the Morphine medication and similar analgesics.
List of available non-narcotic painkillers:
1. Derivatives of salicylic acid (salicylates). They have pronounced antipyretic and antirheumatic effects. Sometimes their use can cause tinnitus, excessive sweating and swelling. With caution, they should be used in patients with bronchial asthma. Quite common and widely used analgesics.
Classification and subspecies of this group of drugs:
- "Aspirin" (actually acetylsalicylic acid (ASA)).
- "Akofin" (ASA and caffeine);
- "Askofen" (ASA, phenacetin, caffeine);
- "Asfen" (ASA, phenacetin);
- "Citramon" (ASA, phenacetin, caffeine, cocoa, citric acid, sugar).
2. Derivatives of pyrazolone is a capillary-reducing analgesic. List of such drugs:
- "Antipyrine." It is used for neuralgia, has a hemostatic effect.
- "Amidopyrine" ("Pyramidon"). More active than the previous drug, effective in articular rheumatism.
- "Analgin." A feature of this medication is its fast solubility and high absorption.
- "Adofen."
- Anapirin.
- Butadion. Effective for acute pain caused by gout, with peptic ulcer, thrombophlebitis.
3. Derivatives of para-aminophenol (aniline) , such as:
- "Phenacetin." It is recommended for headaches and other neuralgic pains.
- "Paracetamol." In terms of effectiveness and medicinal properties, the drug does not differ from the previous one, however, it has a less toxic composition.
4. Indole and its derivatives. Only one drug belongs to this group:
- "Metindol" ("Indomethacin"). It does not inhibit the function of the pituitary and adrenal glands. It is mainly used for gout, bursitis, polyarthritis.
In addition to the effects aimed at improving the patient's condition, there is a high risk of encountering various side effects, taking analgesics.
The list of drugs is presented for educational purposes. Do not self-medicate, consult a doctor before taking the medicine.