Hemorrhagic syndrome in children is a disease in which damage to the walls of microvessels occurs. Very often, the syndrome is called increased bleeding.
Distinguish between hereditary and acquired hemorrhagic syndrome. As a rule, in the hereditary form, pathological changes affect the vascular network, blood plasma, are accompanied by various anomalies of platelets and megakaryocytes, blood coagulation is impaired, etc. The acquired form is a result of damage to the immune system and is associated with metabolic processes, platelet damage, impaired plasma molecules, violations of the coagudological system, etc.
Depending on the pathogenesis, hemorrhagic syndrome can be divided into various groups. The first group is due to the primary lesion of the vascular network. There is a tendency to secondary damage, in which platelet and coagulation hemostasis begins. The second group is the defeat of the megakaryocytic and platelet germ. The third group is bleeding disorders. The fourth group is complex violations.
Most often, hemorrhagic syndrome in newborns is presented as hemorrhagic diathesis. Of course, with the appearance of various symptoms of a child’s disease, it is necessary to urgently hospitalize and begin effective treatment. The child has frequent bleeding from the mucous membranes, petechiae are formed.
Before the doctors arrive, it is necessary to provide the child with bed rest, organize proper nutrition, and insert a swab for nosebleeds. The most optimal nutritional option for the affected child is liquid and chilled foods that are high in calories. It is advisable to increase the amount of fluid drunk.
The stage of therapeutic treatment is the use of drugs (antispasmodics, antiplatelet agents, neurometabolic drugs), freshly frozen plasma. Depending on the stage, a treatment complex is selected that effectively supports the child's body and allows you to get rid of this disease of the body.
Hemorrhagic syndrome against the background of gastrointestinal diseases involves the administration of dicinone, heparin, the use of glacion, vicasol, intravenous administration of gluconate and calcium chloride, ascorbic acid, pachycarpin, restin and other drugs.
To prevent possible bleeding, it is advisable to take drugs that are aimed at increasing blood coagulation. This will quickly stop the blood flow and normalize the state of the child's body.
For local stopping of bleeding , thrombin, pachycarpin, a special film with lincomycin and a hemostatic sponge are used. As a rule, drugs not only stop blood flow, but also contribute to the rapid healing of wounds, the regeneration of skin cells and tissues, and have an antiseptic effect.
In all cases, a vitamin K is prescribed, since it takes part in biosynthesis, normalizes blood coagulation, and is an antihemorrhagic vitamin.
To prevent hemorrhagic syndrome, it is necessary to conduct childbirth in specialized medical institutions in which all safety measures for human health and life are followed. It should be noted that hemorrhagic syndrome manifests itself in the first days of a baby's life. For prevention, it is advisable to squeeze the umbilical cord for 30 seconds, attach it to the breast directly on the birth table immediately after childbirth, and also introduce special drugs in the first hours of life, etc.