"Flosterone" is a drug that helps to slow the release of interleukins 1 and 2, as well as interferon-gamma from macrophages and lymphocytes. This drug has an immunosuppressive, antitoxic, anti-shock, desensitizing, anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory effect.
The medicine “Phlosterone”, the instructions for use of which will be understood by everyone, inhibits the release of beta-lipotropin and ACGT by the pituitary gland. But there is no decrease in the level of circulating beta-endorphin. Also, the drug inhibits the secretion of FSH and TSH.
The drug “Phlosterone” increases the excitability of the central nervous system, while reducing the number of eosinophils and lymphocytes. The drug increases the number of red blood cells, stimulating the production of erythropoietin.
The medication "Floosterone", the indications for the use of which are very diverse, interacts with specific cytoplasmic receptors. As a result, a complex is formed that can penetrate into the nuclei of cells and stimulate the synthesis of mRNA, which induces the formation of protein, as well as lipocortin. This substance inhibits phospholipase A2, while inhibiting the release of arachidonic acid. Also, lipocortin does not allow the synthesis of components such as leukotrienes, prostagladin and endoperoxides, which actively contribute to the occurrence of allergic reactions and inflammatory processes.
"Flosteron": indications for use
Injections of this drug are prescribed to combat various types of shock: anaphylactic, blood transfusion, cardiogenic, toxic, surgical, traumatic, burn. In addition, the drug "Phlosterone" is used when anaphylactoid reactions occur:
- Cerebral edema with tumors or after surgery, head trauma and radiation therapy.
- Severe bronchial asthma.
- Ailments of connective tissue.
- Lupus erythematosus.
- Rheumatoid arthritis.
- Acute renal failure.
- Poisoning by cauterizing fluids.
- Hepatic coma.
- Acute hepatitis.
- Thyrotoxic crisis.
Means "Floosteron" (injections) are usually used intraarticularly. Such therapy is used to combat osteoarthritis, Reiter’s disease, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic and rheumatoid arthritis.
Drug in tablets
“Flosterone”, the instructions for use of which requires careful study, is available not only in the form of injections, but also in tablets. They are most often prescribed in the presence of the following ailments:
- Lupus erythematosus.
- Connective tissue diseases.
- Nodular periarthritis.
- Scleroderma.
- Rheumatoid arthritis.
- Dermatomyositis.
- Chronic as well as acute inflammatory processes occurring in the joints.
- Psoriatic and gouty arthritis.
- Ankylosing spondylitis.
- Juvenile arthritis.
- Shoulder-gland periarteritis.
- Osteoarthrosis.
- Polyarthritis.
- Still's syndrome, but only in adults.
- Nonspecific tendosynovitis.
- Bursitis.
- Epicondylitis and synovitis.
- Rheumatic heart disease.
- Acute rheumatism
- Chorea.
- Chronic as well as acute allergic ailments.
- Bronchial asthma.
- Medicinal exanthema.
- Serum sickness.
The drug "Phlosterone" in tablets can be prescribed for the treatment of certain skin diseases, for example, with contact dermatitis, eczema, atopic, exfoliative, seborrheic and bullous herpetiform dermatitis, Lyell and Stevens-Johnson syndrome.
Also, the drug in this form is used in complex therapy for cerebral edema, which can be metastatic, postoperative and traumatic (after prior parenteral use). The drug also copes well with allergic ailments of the eyes, for example, corneal ulcers, an allergic form of conjunctivitis, as well as with some inflammatory diseases, including sympathetic ophthalmia, optic neuritis, etc.
The medication “Floosterone”, the instructions for which contain a more detailed list of indications for use, can get rid of secondary and primary insufficiency of the adrenal glands even after their removal. The drug also fights against kidney diseases: acute glomerulonephritis, nephritic syndrome.
Hematopoietic diseases
The drug in tablets is prescribed for some disorders in the work of the blood forming organs: erythrocyte anemia, in another way - erythroblastopenia; secondary thrombocytopenia, but only in adults; thrombocytopenic purpura; lymphogranulomatosis; acute myeloid and lymphoid leukemia; hypoplastic congenital anemia; hemolytic autoimmune anemia; agranulocytosis and other ailments.
What lung diseases does it treat
Very often, with diseases of the respiratory system, “Flosterone” is prescribed. Instructions for use of this drug indicate that it can be used in combination therapy for lung cancer. In this case, the drug is prescribed in combination with cytostatics. In addition, the instructions for the use of "Flosterone" contains information that the drug helps in the fight against Leffler's syndrome. He is prescribed for this disease only if another treatment does not help. Also, the drug is often used for borreliosis, pulmonary tuberculosis, tuberculous meningitis and aspiration pneumonia in combination with chemotherapy.
Contraindications to systemic use
Instructions for use of "Flosterone" states that the drug in systemic therapy has some contraindications. Among them are the following: diabetes mellitus, acute psychosis, congestive heart failure, recent myocardial infarction, gastritis, esophagitis, diverticulitis, peptic ulcer during exacerbation, active tuberculosis in the absence of a specific treatment, immunodeficiency, suspected or established strongyloidosis , measles, chickenpox, systemic mycoses.
Contraindications for oral administration
The drug "Phlosterone" (the instruction contains all the necessary information) has other contraindications. The drug can not be administered orally with unstable joints, pathological bleeding, which may be a consequence of taking anticoagulants. Injection of “Phlosterone” is prohibited with severe periarticular osteoporosis, joint fracture of the bone, as well as with an infected lesion of the intervertebral spaces, periarticular soft tissues.
In which cases it is impossible to use the drug for the treatment of skin and other ailments
Very often, the drug “Phlosterone” is used to treat certain types of dermatitis. However, in this case there are contraindications. The drug is prohibited for the treatment of rash on the background of diaper rash in children up to a year, in the presence of a post-vaccination reaction. In addition, “Phlosterone”, the instructions for use of which contains a detailed description of all contraindications, cannot be used to treat common acne, as well as in the presence of diseases such as sarcoma, xanthoma, hemangioma, melanoma, atheroma, skin cancer, fungal, viral and bacterial diseases of the skin, herpes, trophic ulcer of the leg, which arose as a result of varicose veins.
“Phlosterone” ampoules cannot be used for fungal diseases of the ears and eyes, perforation of the tympanic membranes, previous or chronic otitis media, glaucoma, sclera, corneal epithelial defect or thinning, bacterial infections of the ears and eyes, tuberculosis lesions of these organs, as well as viral acute diseases, for example, superficial keratitis.
Is it possible to take "Phlosterone" for pregnant women and during lactation?
According to experts, strictly controlled and adequate research in this area has not been conducted. Therefore, the use of this particular drug is allowed for pregnant women only if the effect of the therapy is higher than the risk for the unborn child. In this case, there are contraindications - preeclampsia, symptoms of placental damage, eclampsia. It is forbidden to use this medicine in large doses and for a long period.
As for the administration of the drug intramuscularly, when setting up experiments on rabbits, some deviations in the development of the fetus were identified, including cephalocele and umbilical hernia. The drug received FDA category C in terms of the effect on the unborn child.
What to do during lactation? Experts recommend that women stop breast-feeding during treatment.
Side effects
Instructions for use of "Phlosterone" contains all the necessary data not only about the dosage of the drug, but also about its side effects. Their severity and frequency directly depend on the amount of drug used, as well as on the duration of administration. The use of "Phlosterone" may cause a glucocorticoid effect. In any case, this is regarded as a side effect.
System effects
Often, when using “Floosterone”, such side effects as anxiety, confusion, disorientation, agitation, hallucinations, euphoria, paranoia, depression, cerebellar pseudotumor occurred. There were cases when the patient during the course of therapy could feel a headache, vertigo, dizziness. Experts note that as a result of treatment, subcapsular cataracts can develop and eye pressure may increase, which ultimately leads to glaucoma, damage to the optic nerves and steroid exophthalmos.
Also, systemic effects are observed from the hemopoietic organs and the cardiovascular system. So, “Phlosterone”, the use of which must be agreed with the doctor, can cause ECG changes that are characteristic of hypokalemia, thrombosis, hypercoagulation, myocardial dystrophy, chronic heart failure in patients predisposed to this, as well as arterial hypertension.
Precautionary measures
In patients with certain chronic diseases who are prone to the development of mental disorders, violations of this plan may occur. This also applies to cases where the dosage of “Phlosterone” is very high. In this case, symptoms may occur after several weeks or immediately after the start of the drug.
With caution, "Floosterone" should be taken by those who suffer from diabetes mellitus, herpes simplex of the cornea, systemic lupus erythematosus. In the latter case, the risk of aseptic necrosis increases. Also, the drug should be taken carefully for the elderly, as the likelihood of developing hypertension and osteoporosis is increased. This also applies to the fairer sex in the postmenopausal period.
The effect of “Phlosterone” is enhanced by cirrhosis and hypothyroidism. Also, with prolonged use of the drug, there is a likelihood of developing adrenal insufficiency. This phenomenon can be observed for several months after the end of taking "Phlosterone".
With a fairly long-term therapy of some ailments in children, it is necessary to monitor the dynamics of their development and growth. For this, it is worth periodically performing an ophthalmological examination. This allows you to identify cataracts, glaucoma and other ailments. Experts recommend constantly monitoring the work of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system, as well as monitor the presence of occult blood in the feces, the amount of glucose in the urine and blood, and electrolytes in serum. This applies not only to patients with diabetes. If "Flosteron" is used systemically, then it is necessary to monitor the EEG.
A drug that is intended to treat skin diseases should not get on the mucous membranes, as well as in the eyes. During the treatment with “Flosterone”, vaccination, as well as immunization, should be avoided.
How to calculate the dosage of the drug
If the patient requires systemic use of glucocorticosteroids, then “Flosterone” (injections), the instruction recommends that it be administered exclusively intramuscularly. There are other methods of using this drug. In some cases, intradermal, intraarticular and periarticular administration is required.
As for the dosage of the drug, then it is set by the doctor. The amount of the drug depends not only on the severity of the disease, but also on the age of the patient, the clinical response to the appropriate therapy and other indications. Usually, specialists establish the shortest period of taking “Floosterone” and the minimum dosage. Very often, initially, only 1 or 2 milliliters of a drug is prescribed to a patient at a time.
Recommended Dosage for Intravenous Administration
The solution for infusion is usually prescribed drip or very slowly in a jet. In this case, a single dose should be from 4 to 8 milligrams, which corresponds to 1 and 2 milliliters, respectively. If necessary, the amount of the drug is changed. The dosage can in some cases be up to 20 milligrams, and the supporting dosage is from 2 to 4 milligrams. In this case, the drug is usually diluted with a dextrose solution or 0.9% sodium chloride solution. Prepare the drug immediately before administration. If the solution was not used for its intended purpose, then it can be stored for a day in a cool place, preferably in the refrigerator.
Dosage for intramuscular administration
Instructions for use of "Flosterone" does not allow you to independently determine the dosage. Therefore, the use of this drug should be discussed with your doctor. If the medication is used as an intramuscular injection, then experts recommend injecting it deeply. Usually in severe diseases, for example, asthmatic status or SLE, the doctor prescribes an initial dose of 4 to 8 milligrams. If the patient is a child whose age is from one to five years, then a different dosage is used here. In this case, an initial injection of 2 milligrams is prescribed. In this case, the drug can be diluted. Children from 6 to 12 years old are initially prescribed 4 milligrams.
"Flosterone" (injections) instruction allows the use of newborns in premature birth. This is done to prevent hyaline membrane disease. Typically, the drug is administered before childbirth, in 48-72 hours. In this case, the dosage should not exceed 8 milligrams. The second injection is made after a day.
Dosage for periarticular and intraverticular administration
In this case, from 4 to 8 milligrams of “Phlosterone” is administered for the treatment of the largest joints, from 2 to 4 for medium joints, such as the wrist or elbow, for large joints, such as the shoulder, ankle and knee - up to 4, and for small ones - from 1 to 2. If skin ailments are treated, then a single dosage should be approximately 0.2 milliliters per square centimeter. In this case, it is required to enter no more than 4 milligrams per week.
Dosage for local infiltration
With this method of using the drug, experts recommend adhering to the following dosages: with periarticular inflammation, peritendinitis, fibrositis and myositis - from 2 to 4 milligrams, with tendonitis - up to 2, with synovitis and synovial cyst, as well as bursitis - from the 1st up to 2.
special instructions
With extreme caution should use the drug "Flosteron." Instructions for the use of injections in ampoules or tablets are advised to be used strictly in accordance with the prescribed dosage. Since the injections of this drug are very painful, it is allowed to dilute the drug in an equal amount with a solution of local antiseptic. “Lidocaine” or “Procaine hydrochloride” is ideal for this. In this case, the solutions should be mixed in a syringe, and not in an ampoule.
During the use of the drug "Flosteron" it is necessary to control the healing process. To do this, regularly conduct blood tests, glycosuria and glycemia. Constantly check the plasma electrolytes.
If the drug is used to treat tuberculosis, septic conditions and intercurrent infections, then it is necessary to simultaneously take antibiotics.
Children who are in constant contact with patients with chickenpox and measles should be given a specific lg for the treatment period. Pregnant women, as well as those who feed their baby breast milk, are prescribed “Flosterone” only taking into account the expected result, as well as the negative impact on the fetus.
Those children who are in the growth period are usually prescribed such drugs solely for health reasons.At the same time, the intake of “Phlosterone” in this case should be carried out under the supervision of a treating specialist. It should be remembered that in patients with thyrotoxicosis, the clearance of GCS increases, and in patients with hypothyroidism, on the contrary, it decreases.
Which drug is better
What to prefer: “Phlosterone” or “Diprospan”? In fact, these drugs are analogues. In their compositions there is one and the same main component, and they differ in additives. Often, one drug causes allergies, while the second is perfect.
You should not change the drug on your own, since replacing Phlosterone with a cheaper analogue may affect the patient’s health. It is worth remembering that Diprospan has a higher bioavailability. Therefore, experts recommend using it in case of emergency.
Analogs
Not all pharmacies can find "Flosteron." Analogs can solve the problem. In the form of ointment, Akiderm and Beloderm funds are dispensed. There are analogues in other forms, such as Betamethasone Valerate, Betamethasone Sodium Phosphate, Betamethasone, Betasone, Beloderm Express, Betnoveit, Betliben, Diprospan, Celestoderm-V, "Celederm", "Cuteride", "Celeston" and others. Replacement of the drug can be carried out only after consultation with the specialist who prescribed “Flosterone”. An analogue, as a rule, can only be obtained by prescription.