About 70% of all inhabitants of the Earth are carriers of staphylococci. Currently, 27 species of these bacteria are known, with 14 of them always found on the skin or mucous membranes of humans.
The location of the pathogenic environment
Staphylococcus is often found in the nose and
throat. Treatment should be comprehensive. But it is important to pay attention not to the very fact of the presence of these microorganisms, but to their concentration. It is also necessary to look at which type of staphylococcus is most active. In addition, this microorganism is always located in the intestine. When diagnosing, you need to look at the detected number of bacteria.
With the development of staphylococcal infection in the throat, the appearance of diseases such as tonsillitis, gingivitis, stomatitis and others. Excessive bacteria in the nose leads to nasal congestion, a constant runny nose. Also, such a lesion can be characterized by a general malaise.
Symptoms of the development of infection
In many cases, people don’t even know that they have staphylococcus aureus. Reviews of ordinary patients indicate that only after special examinations it was possible to identify this bacterium. But there are certain external signs that indicate that a staph infection develops in the body. Such manifestations include:
- chronic runny nose;
- causeless fever;
- the appearance of ulcers, acne, ulcers on the skin;
- flatulence;
- abdominal pain, impaired functioning of the digestive system;
- the appearance of signs of general intoxication of the body.
It does not have to be all the symptoms in order to suspect that staphylococcus appeared in the nose and throat. Treatment should be prescribed after the examination. In some cases, the disease may be asymptomatic. But this does not always mean that there are no problems. For example, if staphylococcus aureus is found, treatment will be mandatory.
Signs of bacteria in the nose and throat
Understanding that you have begun to develop staphylococcal infection can be a number of signs. But in most cases, people do not even suspect that they have not just a protracted runny nose, but a defeat of staphylococcus bacteria. A photo of this microorganism, which looks like a bunch of grapes, does not convey all the danger.
Signs of staphylococcus in the nose include:
- persistent runny nose;
- temperature rise;
- manifestations of general intoxication.
If the analysis for staphylococcus showed that the microorganism struck the throat, then such symptoms may be present:
- discomfort and pain in the throat;
- swelling of the tonsils, their redness, the appearance of pustules or purulent plaque;
- temperature rise;
- an increase in lymph nodes;
- intoxication.
Staphylococcus aureus is considered one of the most dangerous. It causes the appearance of pustules on the skin. Children often have a rash. If you do not treat such a staph infection, then the defeat of other organs and systems will begin. There are disruptions in the digestive tract, they are manifested in the form of abdominal pain and flatulence. At the same time, children's organisms are the least protected. Staphylococcus bacteria spreads faster throughout their body, causing the development of various inflammatory processes in organs and tissues.
It is customary to distinguish four degrees of staphylococcus. Moreover, each of them is characterized by a certain degree of activity and requires various treatments. Staphylococci that are definitely pathogenic, which are harmful to blood cells, conditionally pathogenic, which contribute to the development of a minor inflammatory reaction, should be distinguished. In addition, there are saprophytes that cause almost no damage.
Infection pathways
There are several options for how a staph infection can enter your body. One of the most common is the contact-household way. Therefore, you need to be careful about hygiene. Even minor scratches or splinters must be treated with bactericidal disinfectants.
It is also worth knowing that Staphylococcus aureus is transmitted through stale products (see photo below).
Do not forget that this bacterium is part of the normal microflora. But with a decrease in immunity, it can begin to become more active and lead to serious diseases. Even the seemingly harmless habit of licking lips on the street is a risk factor. Also, the risk of infection with pathogenic staphylococcus in those who are accustomed to biting nails is also increased.
But this bacterium is the most dangerous for HIV-infected people and patients with oncology. The protective forces of their organisms are markedly reduced, so staphylococcus does not encounter obstacles.
Diagnosis of the disease
Only in specialized laboratories can an analysis be performed on staphylococcus aureus. For these purposes, biomaterial is taken from the mucous membranes of the nose and throat. It is called bacterial culture. At the same time, it is important to maintain high sterility and take analysis according to the established scheme. After all, it is necessary to prevent situations in which other microorganisms can get into the studied material.
Samples taken from the mucous membranes are delivered to a special laboratory, where they can determine if there is staphylococcus in the nose and throat. Treatment, ideally, should be prescribed only after receiving the results of the tests. After all, the laboratory not only determines which bacteria have infected the body, but also make an antibioticogram. On it you need to navigate when selecting medicines. The antibioticogram shows which bacteria are sensitive to which antibacterial agents. After all, some of them can not cause staphylococcus any harm.
Treatment tactics
Once it has been established that it was staphylococcus that became the cause of your problems, you can start therapy. Do not expect that the immune system itself will cope with pathogenic microorganisms. This can only lead to complications. For example, with a primary lesion of the nasopharynx and the absence of treatment, the infection can affect the central nervous system and lead to the development of intracranial phlebitis and the formation of abscesses. A complication can be pneumonia or even meningitis.
As a rule, treatment is aimed at removing the causative agent of staphylococcus and conducting a complete debridement of the nasopharynx. Often prescribed antibiotics such as Ceftriaxone, Amoxiclav, Ciprofloxacin, Oxacillin and other broad-spectrum agents. But you need to focus on the results of tests that show which drugs are sensitive to bacteria.
Along with the use of antibacterial agents, it is necessary to drink drugs that should maintain a normal level of microflora in the digestive tract. You can use such drugs as Linex, Lactovit, Biolact and other similar medicines.
Treating an infection in the throat and nose
Having determined the type and antibiotic resistance of the pathogen that hit the body, you can start therapy. With a small concentration of bacteria, the infection can be destroyed with the help of local means. Staphylococcus is treated with special antimicrobial solutions, sprays, decoctions, infusions. In more severe cases, the use of special antistaphylococcal agents is necessary.
In addition to the main treatment, the appointment of vitamin complexes can strengthen immunity and improve vitality. Do not forget about alternative methods of treatment. Of course, they alone will not be enough to fight the infection, but they will help accelerate recovery and eliminate Staphylococcus aureus in adults. When using folk methods in the treatment of children, one must be careful, because decoctions of many herbs can be given only from 12 years old.
Chlorophyllipt oil drops can be instilled into the nose, and its cavity can be washed with the alcohol solution of the same name. You can use the well-known antiseptic "Furacilin." You can increase the immunity of the mucous membranes with the help of IRS-19.
You can gargle with a solution of Chlorophyllipt, herbal or salt infusions, decoctions of herbs. If necessary, symptomatic therapy is also recommended: painkillers and antipyretics, the use of an increased amount of fluid. By the way, doctors say that Chlorophyllipt helps strengthen the local effect of antibacterial agents on staphylococcus aureus.
During pregnancy, a special approach to treatment is needed. After all, not all antibacterial drugs are allowed to expectant mothers, therefore, the therapist must select medicines.
Features of getting rid of infection in pregnant women and babies
When choosing medicines, expectant mothers and young children should be especially careful. After all, they can take far from all drugs. But at the same time, do not forget that staphylococcus during pregnancy can cause an irreparable trail to the health of both a woman and her unborn baby. After all, the infection can be transmitted in utero.
If antibiotic treatment cannot be dispensed with, then the doctor, as a rule, chooses the most sparing of them. Also, at the same time, the duration of treatment is adjusted in a smaller direction. The emphasis must be on authorized folk remedies, local therapy.
In order to prevent infection, sufficient attention should be paid to preventive measures. These include not only personal hygiene, monitoring the quality of the products used, but also the fight against bad habits. It is necessary to take care of yourself and stop licking or biting your lips, biting your nails. The leading role is given to strengthening immunity and combating the manifestations of the disease. So, it is necessary to gargle with herbal or saline solutions several times a day, rinse your nose.
Alternative methods
In combination with the treatment prescribed by the doctor, alternative therapy can be used. Of course, to say that the staphylococcus aureus is sensitive to them is impossible. But they help strengthen the effect of traditional medicines and strengthen the immune system.
It is necessary to choose the most suitable local funds. So, for the treatment of staphylococcus, which settled in the nasopharynx, one can use the following collection of herbs: burdock root, buds of sedum, walnut leaves, tricolor violet roots, wheatgrass, white cucumber. These plants are crushed and poured with boiling water. Drink the infusion in between meals for half a glass.
It is also important to saturate the body with vitamin C. For these purposes, you can eat currants in unlimited quantities, drink a rosehip broth.
Among folk methods, rinsing with an extract of fir water is popular. Also, many recommend daily consumption of half a kilogram of apricot pulp. The indicated amount of fruit can be divided several times.
Well established propolis solution. One teaspoon of pharmacy infusion is diluted in a glass of warm boiled water. The prepared solution is used to gargle. Also for these purposes, you can use various phyto-crops. So, for example, you can prepare an infusion of calendula, St. John's wort and chamomile, if staphylococcus was found in the nose and throat. The treatment consists of a combination of traditional therapy and rinsing.
Inside, you can take this collection: thyme, rosemary, string, birch buds, yarrow. Half a liter of the prepared infusion is drunk in four stages throughout the day.
Doctors often prescribe inhalations and quartzing of the nasal cavity and mouth as an adjunct to complex therapy. These methods allow you to weaken the bacteria and get rid of the infection in a shorter time.
Used drugs
In order to get rid of staphylococcal infection, in some cases, long-term treatment is necessary. This is especially true in cases where a golden strain has been identified.
Effective therapy will be in cases where only those drugs are used to which the bacterium is sensitive. It is important to pay attention to its quantity. If only carriage was detected, then treatment is not required. Therefore, you should not try to figure out the results of the tests yourself and choose your own drugs. The use of antibiotics at low concentrations of staphylococci will only harm the microflora.
But with a deterioration in health and the manifestation of symptoms of infection, antibacterial drugs cannot be dispensed with. Depending on the results, such drugs as Amoxicillin, Ciprofloxacin, Unazin, Ofloxacin, Vancomycin, Ceftriaxone, Amoxiclav, Oxacillin and other broad-spectrum agents can be prescribed.
Also, if indicated, the doctor may prescribe a special staphylococcal bacteriophage. This tool is intended to destroy the indicated conditionally pathogenic microflora. It can be prescribed without a combination with antibacterial agents in case of staphylococcus aureus. But such treatment is possible provided that the patient has no complications, and only this strain was discovered. Such therapy should last 21 days. In combination with a bacteriophage, sorbents are prescribed. You can use the following drugs "Smecta", "Enterosgel." The use of special immunostimulants is also desirable.
After completing the course of treatment, it is necessary to re-take the tests. If it is revealed that the expected effect of therapy could not be achieved, then another repeat is necessary. But at the same time, drugs must be changed. After all, the indicated conditionally pathogenic microflora can develop resistance to the action of the same medicines.
After successful therapy, it is necessary to restore the microflora. For these purposes, you can use the drug "IRS-19", universal vitamin complexes, dietary supplements.