Required reading books are one of the most important problems in modern pedagogical education. The fact is that it is very difficult to solve the question of what kind of literature students should read, due to the huge number of works of art, and also because in modern society each school often draws its own curriculum itself.
School literature
Familiarization with domestic and foreign classics in educational institutions is a rather time-consuming process. To master the main works of writers in one academic year is very difficult. Therefore, teachers often decide for themselves which books to read in the classroom. Usually the choice falls on the most famous works of authors and poets. Moreover, due to the need to save time, teachers are limited to the most significant work.
The main type of literature studied in schools is, of course, a classic. Pupils pass the most famous works of world and national literature. Unfortunately, very often teachers are forced to ignore very large and significant works, for example Shakespeare's plays, either not studied at all, or read very superficially. Required reading Russian books occupy a more important place in the educational program. It is obligatory to read at school: from poetry - the novel "Eugene Onegin", the poem "Mtsyri"; from prose, the novels Crime and Punishment, War and Peace, and Quiet Flows the Don.
Problems of the educational program for the study of classics
Of course, in school lessons, preference is given to domestic classics, but even in this case, schoolchildren get only the most general idea of our prose and poetry. In general, the educational program in literature is very complicated due to the very specifics of the subject. After all, the study of this subject is directly related to artistic creativity and therefore requires a special approach. Traditionally, since the Soviet times, a certain list of works has been formed that should be studied in educational institutions. Mandatory books for reading in the school should reflect the main directions and achievements in Russian literature, starting from the XVIII century and ending with our time.
Children's books
Closely connected with the above problem is the choice of the best books for the child. After all, children's age is the time when interests and impressions are strongest, so parents are faced with the task of choosing a work that would lay in their children a love of prose and poetry. In this case, the most optimal kind of literature, of course, is a fairy tale. Magical stories, unusual characters, a fascinating story will not leave a single child indifferent. It is best to introduce the child to Russian folk tales, songs, traditions, legends and epics. This will allow children to feel a love for the history and past of our country on a sensual-emotional level. As an example, one can cite the following tales for compulsory reading: "Frost", "Vasilisa the Beautiful", about Ivan Tsarevich and the gray wolf, sister Alyonushka and brother Ivanushka.
Educational books for the child
Another type of literature that is most acceptable for reading in childhood is cognitive works. Young children love stories about nature, plants, animals, as well as interesting information about various countries, etc. It should be borne in mind that books that children must read are a special kind of literature aimed at developing cognitive and creative abilities in a child. Therefore, you can offer children not only works, but also riddles, puzzles, crosswords and other interesting exercises in order to teach young children to think. An example is the work of Bianchi, Nosov.
"Female" genres in literature
Books obligatory for women to read are, as a rule, romance novels, satirical and humorous detective stories, and possibly adventure and adventure pieces. This also includes scientific and educational literature, easy prose and poetry. Very popular are the works of Dontsova, Ustinova, who write in a very fascinating and original form. This style of presentation, perhaps especially, is popular among representatives of the beautiful half of humanity.
The list of books that must be read for women can be added to the prose of such famous writers as A. Christie, S. Bronte, D. Austin. Their prose is distinguished by its deep drama and sharp plot, which will be especially fascinating both for young girls and adult wives and mothers. And finally, separately should be said about poetry. Here it is necessary, first of all, to mention the wonderful poems by A. Akhmatova and M. Tsvetaeva, which in their sounding are best suited for a female audience. Among these works, one can recommend the novels "Jen Air", "Consuelo", "Pride and Prejudice", "Town".
"Men's" literature
The books that men must read are probably one of the most difficult questions: the choice problems in this case are especially acute. The range of works written in various genres by domestic and foreign writers is quite wide. Here you can name detective stories, and adventure literature, and science fiction, and adventurous prose, and many others.
In addition, this list also includes applied literature: work on equipment, repair work, complex computer technology, construction, and other industries. Since men often have hobbies such as fishing and hunting, they can be offered jobs in arranging fishing gear, guns, and cars. Men may also be interested in works of an analytical nature: political, economic, social, and, finally, scientific monographs.
Cognitive literature can be added to this list: for example, general works on history, social studies, economics, and others. Perhaps many will be interested in bodybuilding. Modern men are interested in business, so any interesting literature on companies, trade and entrepreneurship is especially relevant these days. Mandatory books for men are "In the Trenches of Stalingrad", "Hot Snow", "Three Comrades", "Old Man and the Sea", "For Whom the Bell Tolls".
Classic literature
Currently, the question is particularly acute that it is necessary to draw up a single unified list, which would include all the necessary books that are required to be read. Classics, undoubtedly, takes first place among the vast amount of literature. Of course, first of all, preference is given to the works of domestic authors. They traditionally study Russian poets of the 19th century (Pushkin, Lermontov, Fet and others), as well as major prose writers who wrote complex monumental novels. For example, be sure to read The Cherry Orchard, Three Sisters, Smoke, Hero of Our Time.
However, the problem is that foreign classics should not be forgotten. Unfortunately, the students in the classroom almost never get any idea of what Western European and American literature was like, not to mention the works of oriental authors. Meanwhile, such books broaden the horizons of students, perhaps even more and more effectively than the Internet. In addition, classical literature forms a worldview, instills a love of reading, an interest in complex philosophical issues, and teaches to think. The following books are obligatory for reading from the classics: “Three Musketeers”, “Hamlet”, “Othello”, “Aivengo”, “Shagreen Skin”, “Fathers and Sons” and others.
The meaning of the classics
Among the works of classical literature for reading, it is necessary to name, first of all, those books that most reflect their era and are really a new word in culture. At one time, the following genres stood out: historical, sci-fi, realistic novels, utopian works, fantastic literature, the modern analogue of which is fantasy, detective stories. Reading books are obligatory such as Queen Margot, Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea, Germinal, The Lord of the Rings.
It is necessary to remember the importance of studying classical literature precisely at school age, because at this time the foundations of the students' worldview are laid. For this, historical novels and novels, for example, “The Captain's Daughter” of Pushkin, are of particular importance. This work is the best way can instill love and interest in the past, in the history of Russia. Books that are required to be read in this genre should be studied in the context of the developmental features of Russian prose as a whole.
General characteristics of fiction, non-fiction
The list should include those works that every educated person should know. In this case, we will again talk about the classics, but, in addition, it is necessary to mention the informative works of various scientists. Among the works of fiction, it is necessary first of all to name the major novels of the most famous prose writers who really contributed a lot to the development of Russian prose (Gogol, Dostoevsky, Turgenev and others). Their works are a milestone, an era in the development of Russian culture. Be sure to read: "Dead Souls", "Idiot", "Asya", "Noble Nest".
From foreign classics, it is necessary, first of all, to mention those authors who stood at the origins of the emergence of leading genres in literature. For example, Shakespeare is considered to be the founder of the dramatic genre in writing plays for the theater. The new types of European literature include the above types of genres, with which any educated person should be familiar.
Literature for everyone
Books required for everyone to read should include not only fiction, but also non-fiction, as well as informative works. For example, to get acquainted with the history of Russia, you can read the works of Karamzin ("History of the Russian State"), to get a general idea of philosophy, you can get acquainted with the works of leading authors in this field (Hegel's "Philosophy of History").
As for modern literature, acquaintance with it is also desirable for every reading person. Those who lead an active social life should be familiar with at least the main book novelties that appear on the shelves. One of the most fashionable genres these days (especially for teenagers) is the fantasy genre. Works written in this style are gaining more and more popularity among young people.
Entertaining literature
Required reading books do not have to be serious. Very often, light works are perfect for reading even to serious people with a strict and demanding taste. For example, magazine issues or almanacs, collections dedicated to a sporting or entertainment event, will decorate any bookshelf.
As for young people, fashion catalogs are now gaining popularity on various aspects of economic or cultural life. Undoubtedly, when choosing literature, it is necessary to keep in mind these works. These works are good in that they are suitable for both adults and youth. However, at present, such publications are slowly but surely mastering the electronic space and go to the Internet, which is very good on the one hand, since this increases their accessibility for the general reader, and on the other hand, buyers lose interest in purchasing this product.
References
Required reading books are included in a variety of lists, the authors of which offer their own versions of the works that any educated person should know. The most famous is the list of works compiled for schoolchildren taking into account the peculiarities of the development of the literature of the peoples involved in the history of the Russian Federation.
In addition to him, in the vastness of the network you can find a listing of 100 books that are required to be read. Each compiler offers his own version of the literature, which, in his opinion, must be familiarized with. All these lists, with all their diversity, are united by one common feature - this is the desire to cover the most significant and outstanding works of past centuries and modernity. At the same time, the authors strive to take into account both the best prose and poetry of domestic authors and foreign ones.
Preferences of modern readers
A curious study was conducted by one modern sociologist regarding which types and genres of literature are currently the most popular among the young and middle generation. Based on a thorough study of social networks, he came to the conclusion that recently the reading public has been fond of fantasy and action-packed detective stories. This indicator is important for deciding which books to read must be chosen by the modern reader.