Cerebral thrombosis is the process of the formation of blood clots in the arteries of the brain. Such a pathology can be detected at any age: both in children and in the elderly. The symptoms of a blood clot in the head should be determined in a timely manner. After this, urgently need to see a doctor. It is he who will be able to make the correct diagnosis and prescribe the right treatment. The article will give answers to questions about what to do if a blood clot comes off, what it is. In addition, here you can find the main signs and methods of treatment, diagnosing this ailment.
A blood clot in the head: symptoms of the disease
Recognizing the presence of this ailment in a person can be difficult. There are a number of signs by which you can determine the presence of a blood clot in the head:
- too fast a tired and lethargic state in a person;
- frequent cramps and possible paralysis;
- impaired motor activity of the patient;
- troubled sleep;
- periodic increase in body temperature;
- frequent headaches;
- a feeling of fossilization of the face, as well as limbs of the hands and feet;
- a clear decrease in the quality of vision.
The listed symptoms, among other things, can signal the existence of other diseases in the human body. The presence of a blood clot in the head indicates that blood circulation in the affected vessel is impaired. Untimely diagnosis and contacting a specialist can lead to serious consequences, for example, a heart attack. A complete lack of treatment will lead to a stroke.
What are the types of thrombosis?
Allocate arterial, venous, as well as thromboembolism of the sinuses. The first type is characteristic of people who suffer from atherosclerosis. It is characterized by dizziness and confusion, incoherent speech and a change in the shape of the pupils, a feeling of numbness and convulsions. When the cerebral artery is completely blocked, an ischemic stroke occurs.
With venous thrombosis of the head, the signs of manifestation are different. They depend on the degree of narrowing of the lumen. So, the main symptoms are: severe headache and impaired visual acuity due to phenomena of stagnant nature in the retina. Also in this case, people vomit in the morning. She does not bring a sense of relief. Dizziness and double vision are considered the main symptoms of this disease. If the veins are completely blocked, heart attack and edema are inevitable. The last of them will lead to a wedge of a thrombus in a large occipital foramen, which as a result is fatal.
The cause of venous sinus thrombosis is blood clots formed during purulent inflammation in the paranasal sinuses. In the absence of proper treatment, they fall into the sinuses of the dura mater. This type of disease is characterized by intoxication, swelling of the superficial veins of the head, nausea and vomiting, swelling of the face, severe headache. The skin takes on a grayish tint.
If a blood clot comes off, cerebral edema occurs. Also, this type of disease is complicated by septic manifestations. There are a lot of fatal cases with venous sinus thrombosis.
Causes of the formation of blood clots in the head
The formation of a blood clot in the head is most often affected by people who suffer from diabetes and hypertension. Also, constant stress and mental disorders contribute to the development of the disease.
You should also be examined for those people who have an increased platelet count in the blood. Since this is one of the main causes of the appearance of a blood clot.
The person who has meningitis and anemia is most susceptible to the disease. Those who have problems with the normal functioning of the heart system, namely heart defects, are also at risk. Immune system disorders are related to the formation of blood clots in the brain in humans.
Women should not overdo it with birth control pills, because taking them can lead to illness. There are cases when a blood clot in the head was diagnosed in people who suffered various kinds of injuries. In any case, if any symptoms appear or, if you are at risk, you should visit a specialist.
At present, the formation of a blood clot in the head is also promoted by poor ecology, poor diet and diet, alcohol abuse and other bad habits, such as smoking, excess weight and low physical activity of a person.
How is the disease diagnosed?
Only a qualified doctor can determine and make the correct diagnosis. He will send you to the appropriate examination.
So, diagnostic procedures include ultrasound cerebral dopplerography. Also, in other cases, the specialist may prescribe rheoencephalography and nuclear magnetic resonance. Also, agniography is a good examination that can confirm or deny the presence of a diagnosis.
Which of the following procedures should be followed by the patient, the doctor determines. After the examination, appropriate treatment is prescribed. In this case, one should not turn to traditional medicine, since the disease is very dangerous and threatens human health.
What should be the treatment?
As a rule, in this situation, the doctor prescribes a number of medications and procedures.
How to dissolve blood clots in the vessels of the head? In many ways, it is necessary to take medicines. They help restore blood circulation in the head. Specifically, a tissue plasminogen activator is injected into a vein. Unfortunately, this medication has a number of side effects, among which there may be bleeding.
Another treatment is intra-arterial thrombosis. The drug is injected into the place where there are blood clots. The action is performed using a catheter, which is inserted into the vessel. After the medication enters the thrombus area and directly to it. In this case, there are no side effects. A medicine will need a small amount.
Removing a blood clot in the head can only be with surgical intervention. It is an exception and is used in rare cases.
What method to treat the patient depends on his condition and the presence of individual contraindications. If a person is intolerant of any medicine, choose another type of struggle with this ailment.
The disease in newborns: causes
Hypoxia in infants most often develops due to poor labor and insufficient oxygen to supply brain tissue. After this, ischemia appears. Currently, effective methods of dealing with it have not been found. The source of this disease is the formation of a blood clot in the head of a newborn.
In this case, it is necessary to begin treatment as soon as possible. Only then there will be no serious complications.
What could be the consequences?
Blood clots in the head contribute to clogging of blood vessels. Because of this, the nutrition of tissues is disturbed. As a result, some parts of the brain cease to function partially.
As mentioned above, untimely treatment of the disease can lead to heart attack and stroke. In addition, people with this disease have speech impairment and vision problems.
Also, reluctance to take appropriate medications prescribed by a specialist is a sad outcome. In humans, the functioning of the motor apparatus will be disrupted as a result. Possible paralysis. This condition is formed on the opposite side of the body where the blood clot is located .
In especially dangerous and severe cases there can be a lethal outcome.
The thrombus came off: what is it?
At any moment there may be such an outcome of the situation. When a blood clot comes off in the head, it begins to move throughout the circulatory system and clogs blood vessels in other organs. That is, in this case, a blood clot moves freely throughout the human body and a fatal outcome can occur at any time.
No need to wait for other signs when the first symptoms have appeared. Should visit a specialist. A timely visit to the doctor guarantees a good outcome of the disease.
Tips to minimize the risk of thrombosis
It is necessary to lead a healthy lifestyle. You should refuse to drink alcohol and smoke, exercise, run, swim, as much as your health allows. Also remember about proper nutrition, eat on time and only healthy. In the human diet should be as much as possible products of plant origin, namely fruits and vegetables. And preferably no fast foods.
Ecology of the country leaves much to be desired. And if a person is now unable to cope with it, then he is obliged to monitor his health. And then the risk of a blood clot in the head will be minimal.