Diseases of the urinary tract will no longer bother if there is a drug called "Palin" in the medicine cabinet. It acts quickly and efficiently. The result is noticeable after the first application. The analogue "Palina" "Furadonin" acts in a similar way, but has another active substance in its composition.
Composition and form of release of the drug
The drug "Palin" is produced in the form of capsules, tablets and in suppositories. The active substance of the drug is pipemidic acid. Its capsules contain 200 mg, in tablets 400 mg, and in suppositories 200 mg.
Capsules are packaged in a blister pack of 10 pieces. In a cardboard box two blisters. Tablets are packed in plastic bottles of 20 pieces. There is one bottle in the box. Vaginal suppositories are packaged in 10 pieces in creaks. In the packaging of cardboard 1 creak.
The analogue of “Palina” “Ofloxacin” is produced not only in the form of tablets, but also in the form of ointment, solution for infusion.
pharmachologic effect
"Palin" is an antibacterial drug and belongs to the group of quinolones. Active against gram-negative bacteria, such as:
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
- Proteus vulgaris.
- Klebsiella pneumonia.
- Proteus mirabilis.
- Escherichia coli.
- Neisseria spp.
- Enterobacter spp.
Another drug is effective against gram-positive bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus, and is active against certain strains. These are Acinetobacter spp., Providencia stuartii, Klebsiella spp., Alcaligenes spp. The medication does not affect anaerobic microorganisms. Resistance of bacteria to pipemidic acid develops rather slowly.
The drug "Palin" is widely used in urological and gynecological practice. Its active ingredient is pipemidic acid, which is characterized by bacteriostatic and bactericidal properties.
The mechanism of action of the drug is based on the ability of pipemidic acid to inhibit the bacterial molecules of DNA topoisomerase II, which normalize the transcription, repair and replication of bacterial DNA. When used in large doses, the drug gives a pronounced bactericidal effect, in a low dosage it has a bacteriostatic effect.
After ingestion, the drug is absorbed by the gastrointestinal apparatus. The highest concentration of the active substance occurs after 1-2 hours, after the use of "Palina". This drug has a small degree of connection with blood proteins, about 30% or less. The medicine is not metabolized in the human body. It is excreted by the renal organ, by creating large concentrations of the active component in the urine. From 50 to 85% of the medication comes out per day from the accepted dosage. A small portion of pipemidic acid leaves the intestine in an unchanged form.
The analogue “Palina” “Urotractin” acts in a similar way on the body. It, like the first drug, contains pipedimic acid in its composition.
"Palin": indications for use and contraindications
Medication "Palin" is prescribed for inflammatory processes in the urinary system and in the pelvis. Pathologies can have both acute and chronic in nature. Called by microorganisms sensitive to this medicine. These are diseases such as urethritis, pyelonephritis and prostatitis. Helps "Palin" from cystitis. The drug can be used in complex therapy in the treatment of certain gynecological diseases.
The drug "Palin" is used to prevent relapse of chronic diseases of the urinary system. It is also used to prevent infectious complications that may appear during instrumental examinations, as well as during various manipulations in the urological and gynecological field.
The analogue "Palina" "Pimidel" has the same indications for the use of the drug and, if necessary, can replace the first media.
Contraindication to the use of the drug "Palin" is the individual intolerance of the active substance and minor components that make up the medication. You can not take the drug for epilepsy and pathologies of the central nervous system, accompanied by seizures. Do not prescribe medication for renal failure, when creatinine clearance is less than 10 ml / min. A ban on the use of the medication is liver failure, especially hepatitis, in a chronic or active form, as well as liver cirrhosis.
Porphyria is a contraindication, a disease that is inherited and is accompanied by malfunctioning hemoglobin synthesis. The medicine is not recommended for pregnant and lactating women, as well as children whose age has not reached fourteen years.
The drug is not prescribed for elderly people over 70 years of age and for persons with hypersensitivity to acetylsalicylic acid, quinolone drugs.
Medication "Palin": instructions for use
The price of this drug ranges from 200-250 rubles. Despite the fact that the medicine can be bought at a pharmacy without a doctor’s prescription, it should not be taken on its own, without a doctor’s prescription.
The drug is taken orally. Tablets and capsules are not chewed, but swallowed whole, washed down with plenty of water (about 250 g). During therapy, you should drink from two liters of fluid per day and monitor the amount of urine excreted. Also, when treating with a medication, one should not sunbathe, moreover, one should try in every possible way to avoid direct ultraviolet radiation. If treatment with this medicine is delayed for a long period, then a periodic blood test should be taken periodically, and the liver and kidneys should be monitored by a biochemical plasma analysis.
The medicine “Palin” should be used in accordance with the doctor’s prescription. The dosage for adults is 400 mg per day, divided into two doses after twelve hours. There are situations (staphylococcal infections) when Palin is prescribed in a higher dose of 200 mg three times a day. In this case, the interval between taking the medicine is eight hours.
The duration of the therapeutic course is determined by the doctor individually for each patient. The average duration of treatment is ten days. If necessary, the medicine can be used up to 6-8 weeks.
It warns that for people with severe renal impairment, the dose must be adjusted when using the Palin medication, instructions for use (the price of the medication is available and lower than some analogues, for example, Nevigramon).
Women taking pills or capsules may additionally be prescribed vaginal suppositories, which should be used once a day, at night. Their treatment lasts up to 7-10 days.
When using “Palina” together with antacids and sucralfate, the absorption of pipemidic acid in the digestive tract may decrease. If you cannot refuse their complex use, then you should maintain a gap between medications, equal to 2-3 hours.
Prolonged use of "Palina" along with theophylline and caffeine helps increase the concentration of the latter components in the blood. "Palin" enhances the action of cimetidine, warfarin, rifampicin, as well as non-specific anti-inflammatory drugs.
If Palin is taken simultaneously with aminoglycoside antibiotics, a stronger bactericidal effect on microorganisms occurs.
When using “Palina” with other medicines related to quinolones, as well as in its complex use with non-narcotic painkillers, the likelihood of seizures increases.
In children, “Palin” can cause an increase in muscle tone. Pipemidic acid also has the ability to accumulate in the cartilage tissue.
For children over fourteen years of age, the drug is used in the same dosage as for the adult population. For children under fourteen years of age, the drug is not prescribed.
Side effects, overdose
During treatment with Palin, side effects may occur from time to time. From the side of the digestive apparatus, sometimes patients are disturbed by nausea, vomiting reflex, diarrhea, gastralgia. In rare cases, pseudomembranous colitis may occur, accompanied by severe diarrhea.
During the application of "Palina" there are negative phenomena from the nervous system. This is a headache, a malfunction of the visual apparatus, excessive agitation, a depressed state, confusion of thoughts, various hallucinations.
Patients may be disturbed by tremor of limbs, convulsions. In some cases, sleep disturbance occurs.
During the therapeutic course, a violation of the hematopoietic system occurs. People with a deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase may experience hemolytic anemia. When taking the medicine, there were cases with the development of eosinophilia. Elderly people are sometimes worried about thrombocytopenia.
During the use of tablets (capsules), allergic reactions were recorded, such as skin itching, rashes on the skin, Stevens-Johnson syndrome.
Among other negative reactions of people, photosensitization worried, resistance arose, as well as superinfection.
If the drug is taken in doses exceeding those indicated in the instructions, an overdose of the drug may occur. Its symptoms are nausea, headache, vomiting, dizziness, tremors and cramps of limbs, confusion of thoughts.
If after taking the drug more than four hours have passed, then you should do a gastric lavage and drink activated charcoal. If negative reactions have appeared in the central nervous system, then symptomatic therapy is prescribed. Forced diuresis helps to remove the medicine from the body.
special instructions
The medicine "Palin" should be prescribed with caution to patients suffering from impaired cerebral circulation in the anamnesis. This also applies to cerebral hemorrhages, as well as cerebral spasms. Also with caution, “Palin” should be used by people whose age has crossed the border of 70 years.
After a therapeutic course, patients should drink plenty of clean water, from two liters per day. Constantly need to control diuresis. Because of the danger of photosensitization when using the drug, it is necessary to avoid ultraviolet radiation.
People who are allergic to quinolones should be careful when using Palina, as cross-sensitivity is likely.
With prolonged treatment, it is necessary to monitor overall blood counts. Watch the work of the liver organ and kidneys. From time to time, check the susceptibility of microflora to the active substance of the drug.
When using "Palina" there is a possibility of a false positive urine for glucose when using Benedict's reagent or Felling's composition. As a result, it is advised to use enzymatic reactions with glucose oxidase.
When taking the drug, you need to refrain from dangerous activities associated with increased concentration of attention and requiring a quick reaction.
Many people are interested in: “Palin” is an antibiotic or not? This drug is an antibiotic, so when you use it, you should not drink alcohol in order to avoid negative reactions of the body.
Analogs
Above was told about the effect of the drug "Palin." How to take it, the instructions for use will tell you in more detail. Now a little about analogues of the medicine, which are used when the Palin treatment was ineffective or caused negative reactions of the body. The most common substitutes that are similar in composition are:
- Vero Pipemidin.
- Pipegal.
- "Uropimide."
- Pimidel.
- "Pipem."
- Pipelin.
- "Urotractin."
Often, “Palin” is replaced with drugs that have a different composition, but act in a similar way. The most popular of them are:
- Ofloxacin.
- "Kanefron."
- "Nolicin."
- "Furagin."
- "Monural".
- Nitroxoline.
- "Furadonin."
- "Tsiprolet A".
- "Furamag."
These and other analogues can replace Palin if necessary, but they should be selected only by a doctor.
Analogue ofloxacin
One of the most affordable analogues of Palina is Ofloxacin. The price for it ranges around 70 rubles for 10 tablets. They produce the drug in Russia. The active substance is ofloxacin, in one tablet it contains about 400 mg.
The drug has a wide range of uses and is indicated for various infectious diseases. These are diseases of the respiratory tract, ENT organs, urinary system, kidneys, pelvis, genitals, etc. It has a bactericidal and antibacterial effect.
What is better to take - “Palin” or “Ofloxacin,” only the doctor will tell. Both drugs are antibiotics, but the second has a wider range of uses. In this regard, doctors often appointed Ofloxacin. The price of it is an additional advantage.
Kanefron as a substitute for Palina
Kanefron, like Palin, can be used to treat diseases of the genitourinary system. But its difference from “Palin” is in its naturalness. The composition of the medicine includes centaury grass, lovage rhizome and rosemary leaves. The natural content of the drug helps to avoid many side effects, but the course of treatment is longer. This drug costs from 350 to 400 rubles for 60 tablets. It is made in Germany.
For adults, the drug is prescribed 2 tablets 3 times a day, that is, 6 tablets per day. "Kanefron" is recommended to take from 2 to 4 weeks. Packaging is enough for only 10 days of treatment. Therapy costs them more than the Palin treatment.
"Palin" and "Kanefron" have the same indications for use and can be used together in the treatment of cystitis. The first is an antibiotic, and the second is completely natural. Their complex intake is very effective, since drugs strengthen each other's action. Many doctors use this combination in their urological practice.
Substitute "Nolitsin"
"Nolitsin" is another drug that can replace "Palin" if necessary. It is made in Slovenia. The price of 10 tablets is about 130 rubles. The active substance is norfloxacin. One tablet contains about 400 mg.
Medication "Nolitsin" has a wider range of applications than "Palin". Patient reviews say that it is more effective than the last drug indicated. During treatment, side effects are possible. The therapeutic course lasts from 7 to 10 days. Together with him, they recommend drinking a probiotic.
What to choose for treatment - "Palin" or "Nolitsin"? This should be decided by the doctor, based on the patient's condition and the severity of the disease. You can not self-medicate and choose a drug for the treatment of urinary diseases on their own. So you can not only start the disease, but also get serious side effects.