Indapamide "- a drug belonging to the group of thiazide-like diuretics, has a hypotensive effect. The medicine "Indapamide" is indicated for use in the presence of arterial hypertension.
Pharmacological action of Indapamide
The instruction notes that the pharmacological properties of the drug are related to thiazide diuretics. The effect of the drug, capable of selective blocking of “slow” calcium channels, increases the elasticity of arterial walls, due to which there is a decrease in the total peripheral vascular resistance.
"Indapamide" does not change carbohydrate metabolism, which is acceptable for patients with diabetes mellitus, and also does not affect the concentration of lipids in the plasma. Indapamide tablets help to reduce hypertrophy in the left ventricle of the heart, reduce the sensitivity of vascular walls to norepinephrine and angiotensin II, stimulate the synthesis of prostaglandin E2, and reduce the production of oxygen radicals. Usually, by the 5-7th day of treatment with the drug, a hypotensive effect manifests itself, which persists with a single dose during the day.
Pharmacokinetics of the drug "Indapamide"
The instruction reports that the drug is characterized by high bioavailability (93%) and absorption in the digestive tract. The rate of absorption is affected by food intake. The highest concentration of the drug in the blood is created within an hour or two after taking the drug in an amount of 2.5 mg. The drug is metabolized by the liver. 60% -80% of the substance is excreted through the kidneys in the form of metabolites, about 20% - through the intestines. The drug does not have a cumulative ability.
Indications Indapamide
The instruction prescribes the use of a drug to lower blood pressure. Also, the drug is recommended for people with chronic heart failure.
Contraindications
"Indapamide" is contraindicated in:
- hypersensitivity to it and other derivatives of the sulfonamide group,
- anuria,
- hypokalemia,
severe hepatic or renal failure,
- lactation
- acute pathology of cerebral circulation,
- pregnancy
- under the age of 18 years (due to lack of study),
- the simultaneous use of drugs that increase the QT period.
This drug is prescribed with caution in the presence of gout and diabetes mellitus in the stage of decompensation.
Dosage and dosage of the drug "Indapamide"
The instruction recommends taking the tablets inside without chewing. 2.5 mg (daily dose) is best consumed in the morning or afternoon. In the case when a 1-2-month course of treatment with the drug did not bring the desired therapeutic effect, it is not recommended to increase the dose due to an increased risk of side effects. In this case, another antihypertensive agent that is not a diuretic should be added to the drug regimen for arterial hypertension. When treated with two antihypertensive drugs, the dose of Indapamide remains the same.
Overdose
Symptoms of an overdose are manifested by weakness, impaired gastrointestinal tract function, nausea, vomiting, water-electrolyte disturbances. In some cases, an overdose of respiratory depression and an excessive decrease in blood pressure may occur. In patients with cirrhosis, hepatic coma may occur .
In case of an overdose, correction is necessary to normalize the water-electrolyte balance: gastric lavage and symptomatic therapy.
Interactions
Enhances the effect of other drugs for high blood pressure. It is not recommended to combine with drugs containing lithium, vincamine, potassium-excreting diuretics.
Side effects of the drug "Indapamide"
Similar as in cases of overdose. Heart rhythm disturbance due to potassium loss is possible. Side effects can also be manifested by weakness, a sharp decrease in pressure when trying to get up, nausea, abdominal pain, diarrhea, cramps, allergic reactions. In rare cases, aggravation of gout, convulsions is possible.