Toxoplasmosis, the signs of which are manifested by disorders of the nervous and muscle systems, provokes an increase in lymph nodes, affects the eyes, and disrupts the activity of the liver and spleen. In 1908, this disease was first detected. Today, according to experts, the prevalence of pathology is very high. Thus, according to some reports, almost the entire population (about 90%) is infected in South America and Africa, and about 50% in Europe. As a rule, the disease affects people at a young age. She poses the greatest danger to pregnant women.
Causes of pathology
To identify the causative agent of the disease, an analysis is performed. Toxoplasmosis is caused by the parasite Toxoplasma gondii. This microorganism belongs to the simplest series of coccidia. The bacterium is mobile and has an arched shape. When viewed under a microscope, the body looks like an orange slice. This parasite has sexual and non-sexual reproduction methods. In the first case, cysts form as a result of the process occurring in the intestine. These forms are highly resistant to external factors. So, these microorganisms are not afraid of exposure to high and low temperatures. Coming out with feces, cysts can get into other organs and provoke their infection. As a result of asexual reproduction, very resistant forms of parasites are formed. You can get the disease from pets. Also provoking factors are the use of raw or poorly fried meat, unwashed fruits or vegetables, greens, where parasites can be. Having penetrated the body, bacteria after multiplication in the intestine spread lymphogenous, and then hematogenous.
Symptoms
It should be immediately noted that the treatment of toxoplasmosis in humans depends on the classification of the pathology itself. Specialists share the congenital and acquired forms. The latter is characterized by the presence of latent, acute and chronic stages, which can occur without particularly pronounced manifestations. In rare cases, an acute form is detected. As a rule, it is noted in persons whose immunity is reduced. A severe course is characterized by an inborn form of pathology. In the early stages of pregnancy, the fetus dies due to the fact that it has deformities that are incompatible with life. If infection occurred in the second half of gestation, then the child shows generalized lesions of all systems and organs. At the same time, there is an increase in temperature, decreased muscle tone, weakness, yellowness of the skin, rash, nervous disorders (encephalomyelitis).
Treatment of Toxoplasmosis in humans
In the acute stage, chemotherapy is used. It includes drugs such as Fansidar, Delagil. Together with them, antibiotics are used, which are included in the tetracycline series, as well as sulfonamide drugs. Treatment of toxoplasmosis in humans involves the use of antihistamines, vitamins. Health-improving measures include general strengthening and immunomodulating therapy. A positive outcome involves the complete elimination of all symptoms of pathology. Treatment of toxoplasmosis in humans can end unfavorably. This usually happens in patients with a weak immune system.