Desmopressin is a synthetic analogue of vasopressin. It is able to have a pronounced antidiuretic effect. Compared with vasopressin, the smooth muscle layer of internal organs and blood vessels is less affected. The trade name is Desmopressin.
Pharmacological forms
The manufacturer produces the drug in several pharmacological forms, among which:
- Nasal drops, which are a clear, colorless liquid. Packaged in dropper bottles, each of which contains 5 ml of the drug.
- Spray nasal "Desmopressin". It is a clear liquid without color. Packed in bottles made of dark glass and equipped with a special device for spraying. Each bottle holds 50 doses.
- Tablets. They are white in color, on one side is the risk. Packed in plastic containers of 28, 30, 90 pieces, or in blister packs of 10, 30 pieces.
The instructions for use for "Desmopressin" analogues are not indicated. We will consider them below.
Structure
The active ingredient in tablets and nasal spray is desmopressin acetate, in drops - desmopressin. In the manufacture of tablets, auxiliary components such as magnesium stearate, potato starch, povidone-K30, lactose monohydrate are used.
Auxiliary components in the spray are: purified water, hydrochloric acid, sodium chloride, potassium sorbate.
As additional components in the manufacture of drops are used: purified water, hydrochloric acid, sodium chloride, chlorobutanol.
Analogues of Desmopressin tablets and spray are not difficult to pick up, but the attending physician should do this.
Indications for use
The medicine is prescribed to patients in the following cases:
- For the purpose of diagnosing or treating diabetes insipidus.
- For the purpose of treatment of temporary polyuria.
- For intranasal administration after surgery in the pituitary area.
- As an element of complex therapy for primary urinary incontinence. It is allowed to use as a single drug.
- For the purpose of intravenous administration in von Willebrand disease, hemophilia A.
- In the treatment of nocturia.
Contraindications
Do not use a hormone of synthetic origin:
- If there is an allergic sensitivity to the compound.
- If the patient has a failure of the heart, suggesting therapy with diuretic drugs.
- If fluid retention in the body is noted.
- If plasma hypoosmolality is noted.
- In the presence of anuria.
- In the presence of psychogenic or congenital polydipsia.
Intravenous administration should not be made to patients suffering from unstable angina pectoris.
Negative effects of the use of the drug
Against the background of the use of drops, spray and Desmopressin tablets, the patient may develop various negative reactions, in connection with which it is recommended to strictly adhere to the doses prescribed by the doctor. Most often with medication therapy appear:
- Pain at the injection site.
- Violation of lacrimation.
- Allergic conjunctivitis.
- The tides.
- Allergic manifestations on the skin.
- Algodismenorea.
- Intestinal colic.
- Vomiting
- Abdominal pain.
- Nausea.
- Swelling on the background of fluid retention in the body.
- Hyponatremia.
- Oliguria.
- Increase or decrease in blood pressure if the drug is administered rapidly intravenously.
- Swelling of the mucous membranes in the nasal cavity.
- Hypoosmolality.
- Rhinitis.
- Weight gain.
- Loss of consciousness.
- Confusion.
- Dizziness.
- Headaches.
- Coma.
If any adverse reactions occur, it is important to inform your doctor. This is confirmed by the instructions for use. Analogs of Desmopressin have similar side effects.
Using the medication: how to do it right
The treatment regimen and dosage regimen for each patient is individually determined by the doctor.
When using intranasal forms of the drug, the administration of up to 40 mg of the drug per day is indicated. The indicated dose must be divided into several applications. In the treatment of children, a dose adjustment is required, since up to 3 μg per day is most often used.
If the administration of the drug is prescribed intramuscularly, intravenously, subcutaneously, then adult patients need to use up to 4 μg per day, children - up to 2 μg.
In the absence of a therapeutic effect during the weekly course of using the medicine, you must consult a doctor in order to adjust the dose. It often takes up to several weeks in order to choose the right treatment regimen.
Drug overdose
If an overdose occurs as a result of exceeding the dose of Desmopressin, hyponatremia develops, and water begins to linger in the body. To neutralize negative symptoms, intravenous administration of isotonic sodium chloride and administration of diuretics, for example, based on furosemide, are indicated.
The interaction of this drug with other medicines
The pressor effect of the drug increases with its parallel administration with dopamine. "Desmopressin" affects the body more intensively if its combination with indomethacin is combined. The parallel use of lithium carbonate causes a weakening of the antidiuretic effect.
Care must be taken when using Desmopressin with epinephrine, phenylephrine, tricyclic antidepressants, carbamazepine, chlorpromazine. This combination can enhance the vasopressor effect of Desmopressin.
Analogues of Desmopressin
If necessary, Desmopressin can be replaced by other drugs with a similar therapeutic effect. However, it is important to remember that all drugs have a variety of contraindications and negative effects, so the advisability of replacement should be determined by the doctor.
The most popular analogues of Desmopressin Nativa are:
- Enuran. A similar medication is prescribed for patients suffering from day and night enuresis. Often used for the treatment of enuresis in older men with an enlarged prostate, in bedridden patients in old age.
- "Detruzitol." The medicine is used to treat patients who have increased activity of the bladder or urinary incontinence, often there is an imperative urge to emit urine. What other analogues of Desmopressin are known?
- "Novitropan." Often prescribed for enuresis due to the unstable functionality of the bladder. The bladder functions unstable against the background of neurogenic disorders (with detrusor hyperreflex). Often accompanied by sclerosis and idiopathic disorders (motor incontinence).
- "Roliten." The main indications for its use is the instability (hyperactivity) of the bladder, which manifests itself in the appearance of frequent imperative urges to urinate, urinary incontinence.
- "Spazmo-Lit." This medication is used for symptomatic treatment of impaired bladder functionality of an inorganic or non-hormonal etymology, also caused by physical exertion, sneezing, laughing, coughing. Often prescribed for dysuric disorders such as detrusor dysfunction, enuresis, nocturia, pollakiuria.
- "Solidago Composite S". It is often used as an element of the complex therapy of kidney diseases in a chronic or subacute form, such as hydronephrosis, urolithiasis, cystopyelitis, cystitis. It is prescribed for patients with nocturnal enuresis, dysuria, first-stage prostate adenoma, narrowing of the urethra, acute glomerulonephritis, arterial hypertension, with the aim of stimulating exsecret function of the kidneys against the background of hyperhidrosis. Analogues of "Desmopressin" with such ailments are no less effective.
- Zevesin. It is used as an element in the complex treatment of imperative enuresis, frequent urination, to stop urgent urges to emit urine, which often disturb patients suffering from bladder hyperactivity syndrome.
- Capsicum Plus. Prescribes during the treatment of nocturnal enuresis.
- "Driptan." It is effective for enuresis, which develops against the background of spina bifida, widespread sclerosis, detrusor hyperreflex, under the influence of neurogenic causes, and in children from 5 years old.
- Spazmeks. It is indicated for use in case of hyperactivity of the bladder, which provokes enuresis, peremptory urges, and an increase in the frequency of urination. It is prescribed for mixed forms of urinary incontinence, spastic neurogenic disorders of the functionality of the bladder (with hyperreflection or hyperactivity of the detrusor against the background of multiple sclerosis, spinal injuries, congenital or acquired diseases of the spinal cord, stroke, parkinsonism). It can be prescribed for cystitis with imperative symptoms, day and night incontinence, nocturia, pollakiuria. Analogs and synonyms for Desmopressin can be purchased at any pharmacy.
- "Urotol." Indicated for use in hyperreflexia, instability, and hyperactivity of the bladder, which are expressed in increased urination, urinary incontinence, imperative urges, frequent urge to urinate.
- Minirin. It is used for diabetes insipidus of central genesis, primary nocturnal diuresis in children from 6 years old, nocturia in adults, caused by nocturnal polyuria. It is prescribed as an element of complex treatment, as a means of monotherapy is practically not used.
- Minirin Melt. Indicated for patients suffering from diabetes insipidus of central origin, nocturia due to nocturnal polyuria, children from 5 years old with nocturnal enuresis (with normal concentration ability of the kidneys).
In addition, the analogues of Desmopressin are: Adiuretin SD, Emosint, Nourem, Presineks, Nativa, Vasomirin, Adiuretin.
Drug cost
The average cost of nasal drops in Russian pharmacies is 2500 rubles per bottle of 5 ml.
Packaging sublingual tablets with a dosage of 120 mcg will cost an average of 3,000 rubles per 30 pieces.
Reviews about Desmopressin
Most reviews of the drug are positive. Patients note its high effectiveness in the treatment of urinary incontinence of various origins. Such a positive quality as the possibility of use in the treatment of children is separately noted. What is noteworthy, against the background of the use of Desmopressin, adverse reactions rarely develop.
An undoubted drawback of the drug is its excessively high cost, because for some patients, doctors prescribe a constant intake of medication. However, the drug has no less effective analogues, the use of which must be separately agreed with the doctor.
It is important to remember that the appointment of any medication should be carried out by a specialist, this will eliminate the contraindications and prevent the development of negative effects.
We reviewed Desmopressin (trade name) and its analogues.