In the article, we will consider what it is - the parenchymal cyst of the left kidney.
A cyst in the left kidney parenchyma is a neoplasm of a benign nature, which is included in the group of rare diseases and is found only in 5% of cases. The pathological process affects the tissue of the parenchyma. As a rule, the disease occurs in representatives of both sexes, whose age is older than 50 years.
Description and Complications
Many are interested in what it is - a parenchymal cyst of the right kidney?
The right-sided cyst is much more common than the left-sided, due to its anatomical structure suitable for various pathological processes. According to statistics, men are more likely to suffer from cyst formation on the right side.
The form of cystic formation in the kidney is round, with thin walls. The cyst is surrounded by a capsule in which there is fluid, exudate. If the neoplasm is small and single, it does not pose a danger to the patient. In the vast majority of cases, the disease affects the kidney only on one side. It is extremely rare that cysts form on both kidneys at the same time.
If timely measures are not taken to treat or eliminate the small parenchymal cyst of the left kidney, it may rupture, which will provoke the release of the fluid contained in it into the abdominal cavity. Such a complication will lead to peritonitis, which in turn can cause death.
A few serious complications of the parenchymal cyst of the left kidney are suppuration of the formation, the death of parenchymal cells, as well as the transformation of the growth from benign to malignant, the development of kidney failure in acute form. Also, a severe consequence of cystic formation can be hemorrhage, which requires immediate medical attention.
What is this - parenchymal cyst of the left kidney, is now clear. Next, we find out the causes of this pathology.
Reasons for the appearance
The exact causes of the appearance of parenchymal neoplasms in the kidneys have not yet been established. However, there are a number of risk factors that can trigger a pathological process:
- Organ Injury
- The presence of an infectious disease in the urinary system.
- Pathologies of the kidneys due to the inflammatory process.
- Genetic predisposition.
In addition, scientists have found that a parenchymal cyst can become a complication against the following diseases:
- Urolithiasis disease.
- Pyelonephritis of non-infectious and infectious genesis.
- BPH.
- Arterial hypertension.
In addition, doctors associate the formation of renal cysts with tuberculosis and surgery on the organs.
In rare cases, improper formation of renal tissues during intrauterine development can play a role. This may be due to a genetic factor.
Symptoms
The formation of cystic formation in the kidneys is asymptomatic in the first stages. It is for this reason that diagnosing a pathology is not easy, and the cyst reaches large sizes unnoticed.
In the future, an overgrown neoplasm begins to put pressure on adjacent tissues and organs, which is manifested by specific symptoms. The main sign of pathology in the kidneys is soreness in the lumbar region, the severity of which increases against the background of physical activity. The localization of the pain syndrome depends on the side on which the cyst is located, when the left kidney is affected, it will hurt on the left.
Other characteristic signs of kidney cystosis are also distinguished:
- Frequent urination.
- Increased pressure in the kidneys.
- Violation of the urinary process.
There are frequent cases when the contents of the cyst are infected, which provokes the inflammatory process in the nephrons and pelvis. A similar phenomenon is characterized by painful urination, as well as an admixture of blood in urine, a general malaise occurs. Violation of the urination process causes fluid retention. Human performance is sharply reduced, weakness appears.
What is it, parenchymal cyst of the left kidney, everyone wants to know.
Diagnostics
Due to the latent form of the course of pathology at the first stages of cyst development, it is impossible to identify the disease without a full examination. To detect the parenchymal cyst of the left kidney, it is necessary to undergo the following studies:
- Ultrasonography.
- Blood and urine tests.
- Urine culture for bacteriological composition.
- Blood test for biochemistry.
- Computed and magnetic resonance imaging.
- Urography.
By means of instrumental research methods, it is possible to obtain a clear image of the neoplasm, to determine the size of the cyst and its condition. CT and MRI help determine the exact location of the cyst. Laboratory methods make it possible to detect the presence of an inflammatory process and detect a pathological process before complications arise.
An effective diagnostic method is the analysis of urine. The presence of sand, protein, pus or blood in it indicates the development of a pathological process in the kidneys.
Urography involves the introduction of a contrast agent, which after a certain time appears in the studied kidney. Thus, it is possible to establish the patency of the organs and assess the degree of their damage.
Parenchymal cysts of both kidneys
Quite rarely, there are cases when parenchymal cysts affect both kidneys at once. The main complication of this phenomenon is considered to be a sharp increase in the size of formations. The pathological process makes serious changes to the work of organs, which can cause the development of kidney failure and their functional disorder.
Another danger of bilateral renal cystosis is the possibility of its spread to other organs, in particular the pancreas. In addition, spleen, liver, lungs, intestines, stomach, and seminal vesicles can suffer from proliferation of cysts in the kidneys.
This is the most unfavorable prognosis of the development of the pathological process, since it indicates malignancy of the parenchymal formation. The consequences of this process can be irreversible and lead to the spread of cancer throughout the body, which ultimately leads to death.
Treatment
As a rule, the patient consults a doctor at the moment when severe symptoms of dysfunctional disorders in the kidneys appear. This occurs as a result of increased formation and pressure on the organ.
The choice of therapy directly depends on the size of the cyst, as well as on the stage of its development and the presence of other neoplasms on the kidney. In medical practice, cases have been reported when the education resolves on its own, but this is very rare, and you should not rely on these examples.
Expectant Tactics
If the cyst is small and does not cause discomfort to the patient, a wait-and-see tactic is chosen, which involves regular monitoring of the state of the neoplasm by a specialist.
To prevent the development of cysts, it is possible to observe a special diet, which involves restricting the use of foods that contain a lot of salt and protein. In other words, a carbohydrate diet is recommended for patients. It is completely necessary to completely abandon the use of alcoholic beverages and coffee, as well as smoking, spicy and smoked dishes. An important stage of nutrition is the reduction of fluid intake.
Conservative treatment
Conservative treatment of parenchymal kidney cysts involves taking various medications. The effectiveness of this treatment is due to the presence of complications. As a rule, to relieve symptoms, the patient is prescribed antibiotics, various anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs, as well as antihypertensive drugs. It should be borne in mind that this therapy is not aimed at eliminating the causes of cyst formation.
Surgical intervention
Surgical methods for treating small parenchymal kidney cysts involve the following manipulations:
- Biopsy.
- Enucleation.
- Removal of an entire kidney or nephrectomy.
- Cystic resection.
The causes and treatment of parenchymal kidney cysts are interrelated.
Conclusion
All patients who have undergone therapy are advised to maintain a healthy lifestyle and eat right. In most cases, patients with a similar diagnosis are under the supervision of doctors, since the size of the education is too small to bring to the surgical table. Many women worry about the further conception of the baby, but experts do not consider a cyst in the kidney as a contraindication for pregnancy.
We examined what it is - parenchymal cyst of the left kidney.