Do I need to use antibiotics for colds in adults and children? This is a common question. We will understand it in more detail.
In medicine, antibiotics are called substances that have a natural or synthetic origin, they emit toxins that are harmful to bacteria and harmful microorganisms. By appointment, they are divided into antibacterial, antifungal and antitumor types. The erratic use of drugs leads to the adaptation of pathogens. They can mutate and become resistant to antibiotic toxins, which can cause drugs to stop functioning. We will tell about which antibiotics for colds.
Cold treatment: when to take antibiotics
Antibiotics are prescribed only in the presence of bacterial or fungal infections. With viral pathologies, they usually resort to the use of antiviral drugs. The use of antibiotics when the first signs of the disease appear is an unreasonable and harmful measure. Their use in bacterial infections in adults and children makes it possible to significantly reduce the duration of the disease, making life easier for patients.
On the fifth day of a cold, the detrimental effect of the virus, as a rule, disappears, patients feel better, but their immunity is significantly reduced, and there is a chance of the onset of certain complications. The body temperature rises, and the lymph nodes increase, redness in the throat can be detected along with wheezing in the bronchi. This suggests that a fungal infection is forming in the body. It is in such cases that antibiotics for colds are prescribed.
How many days do they drink antibiotics against a cold?
For adults, drugs are prescribed in the form of tablets or powder, and capsules may also be prescribed. Children can not swallow a pill, so they are prescribed drugs in the form of a syrup. The duration of treatment is determined by the doctor. In general, it lasts a week. The doctor signs the antibiotic regimen, which indicates the description of the drug. The treatment regimen depends on the age of the patient, and, in addition, on the group of the drug.
The rules that have been described by the therapist and indicated in the instructions should not be changed in any case. The effectiveness of treatment depends on this. In the event that the doctor indicated that the medicine should be taken twice a day, then the time of administration should be calculated. Thus, you should drink the medicine every twelve hours. That is, if the first reception was made at 8.00, then the next will be at 20.00.
It is important to note that the course of therapy using antibiotics for colds should not be interrupted, even against the background of an improvement in health status. A decrease in temperature with the absence of cough does not mean at all that pathogens have stopped breeding. In this case, the disease recedes, but may still not pass. It may begin to develop again, but the effect of the drug used earlier will be already ineffective. In this case, it will be necessary to prescribe another antibiotic, which will have a stronger effect on the body.
Consider the main list of antibiotics for colds.
Antibiotics for colds for adults
Adults have an already formed immunity that can quickly recover. Therapists usually evaluate the effectiveness of the drug in the presence of certain complications. The following antibiotics are usually prescribed for adult patients:
- From the penicillin group, drugs such as Penicillin along with Benzylpenicillin are prescribed. These medications are given to adults as an injection, as gastric juice can reduce the effects of penicillin in tablets.
- Cephalosporins include Ceftolosan with Cephalexin in the form of capsules or suspensions. These drugs are especially effective for respiratory diseases. What other antibiotics for colds take?
- Macrolides, for example, "Erythromycin" is prescribed for the development of intracellular infections.
- Among tetracyclines, Tetracycline tablets are usually prescribed along with Doxycycline and Menocycline capsules. The presented drugs are prescribed for adults and children, starting from eight years.
- Antibiotics for colds in adults from the fluoroquinolone category are also prescribed in the form of Levofloxacin and Ciprofloxacin. These funds are effective in cases of inflammation of the otolaryngological organs. These drugs are prescribed to patients from eighteen years of age.
- From the group of linkcosamides, patients are usually prescribed “Linkomycin” in the form of tablets or injectable solutions. Preparations of this series are prescribed not only for colds, but also for tonsillitis, bronchitis and sinusitis.
- From the category of carbapenem, Ertapenem or Meropenem is appointed. They are also indicated for the development of pneumonia.
In general, the list of antibiotics for colds is very extensive.
The use of broad-spectrum antibiotics
In order to determine the effectiveness of the medication for the body, the doctor needs to establish the patient's sensitivity to a particular type of antibiotic. As part of the test, a blood test should be performed. The result usually takes about a week. The infection continues to progress at this time, in connection with which the therapist is prescribed broad-spectrum antibiotics for colds, for example, they can prescribe Arlet, Cefepim is suitable for these purposes along with Hemomycin and Azitrox.
In the event that the drug does not have the desired effect, and the infection, in turn, continues to progress, the treatment is adjusted according to the results of the performed sensitivity test.
What is the best antibiotic for colds for an adult?
Strong antibiotics against colds
Efficiency with the strength of the drug is determined by some parameters, namely, by how quickly the drug can be absorbed and distributed throughout the body. In some cases, it is enough to take only three tablets to achieve a successful treatment for the common cold. The most powerful drugs include "Azithromycin" along with "Sumamed" and "Aksetil."
One of the forms of release of these drugs is the tablet version, which is taken one or three days. Only a doctor can determine the appropriateness of antibiotic treatment for colds in tablets.
Use of light antibiotics
Antibiotics from the category of aminoglycosides, which can lead to complications, are considered the most toxic medicines. Less dangerous are macrolides, which can be prescribed to pregnant women, and, in addition, to children. Antibiotics that do not cause any complications are defined as lungs. These include drugs in the form of "Josamycin", "Clarithromycin" and "Spiramycin."
Such drugs sparingly affect the flora of the intestines and stomach, including. They cannot destroy enterobacteria. Taking food does not affect the effectiveness of these antibiotics: the medicine is taken before or after a meal. The active substances of the drugs are rapidly absorbed from the stomach, spreading throughout the body.
Cold antibiotics for adults over the age of fifty
For elderly patients, antibiotic preparations are prescribed with great care. This is due to the fact that metabolic processes at this age are reduced, which inhibits the elimination of drugs along with their absorption and distribution over soft tissues.
The instructions for the use of medicines provide specific instructions on how to take medicines with chronic diseases. In the event that the symptoms of a cold are observed within two days, then the doctor prescribes antibiotic treatment from a series of fourth-generation fluoroquinolones. In exceptional situations, cephalosporins are prescribed. Typically, elderly patients are prescribed a drug in the form of "Sparfloxacin", "Moxifloxacin", "Cefotaxime", "Cefodysime" and "Piperacillin."
These drugs are distributed in the soft tissues in twenty minutes. Medicines are excreted with feces, as well as with urine. The above antibiotics are also taken after surgery to prevent the development of secondary infections in the body.
What antibiotics for colds for children are prescribed? About this later in the article.
Antibiotics against colds: the use of Amoxicillin
Amoxicillin acts as an antibiotic of the penicillin group, it has a wide range of effects. This drug is available in the form of tablets, and, in addition, granules for suspensions. Drug solutions are often used in veterinary medicine. The active component amoxicillin is absorbed from the digestive system without disturbing the acidity of the medium. Eating does not affect the distribution of active substances in the body. This antibiotic is suitable for elderly patients. Thus, this drug is prescribed to patients in the following cases:
- Respiratory infection.
- Digestive tract infection.
- The defeat of the soft tissues.
- Infection of the genitourinary system.
The name of antibiotics for colds is usually by ear. Amoxicillin can be used in conjunction with Metronidazole as part of the treatment of intestinal ulcers and gastritis.
This drug has the following contraindications:
- The appearance of allergic diathesis.
- The patient's sensitivity to antibiotics from the penicillin and cephalosporin series, and, in addition, to nitroimidazole.
- The development of diseases of the digestive system, which may be accompanied by diarrhea and profuse vomiting, along with viral respiratory pathologies.
- The presence of asthma or lymphocytic leukemia.
- The development of mononucleosis, in which patients have an increase in the spleen, and, in addition, the liver.
- The presence of diseases associated with impaired blood formation.
- The appearance of disorders of the nervous system.
- Failures in the liver along with jaundice.
"Amoxicillin" in the form of suspensions is prescribed to children from two years. Tablets are prescribed for adults and children from the age of twelve. The regimen for this antibiotic is prescribed by a doctor. It directly depends on the form of the medicine, the age of the patient, as well as the specifics of the pathology.
Antibiotics for the treatment of colds in children up to a year
Prescribing antibiotics for colds and flu for babies less than one year old should be warranted. This is due to the fact that antibiotic treatment can lead to inferior development of the brain of the child and its internal organs. From three months old, children are usually prescribed drugs in the form of A-Clav, Sulbactam, Clindamycin, Cefuroxime and Emsef. Infants should never be given antibiotics in the following cases:
- The presence of acute respiratory infections caused by the virus.
- The development of rhinitis or pharyngitis.
Before starting to treat a cough, the doctor must study its origin. In the event that the protracted cough is bacterial in nature, the use of antibiotics is considered justified. In the presence of hyperthermia and high temperature, which does not pass longer than a day, the appointment of appropriate drugs is also justified. In situations where the child cannot be examined, Cephalosporin is prescribed.
As part of the normalization of intestinal microflora, pediatricians recommend taking lactobacilli. Neglecting medical advice is not recommended. Otherwise, the baby may suffer from colic, and, in addition, flatulence, constipation or diarrhea.
The best antibiotics for colds will help you choose a doctor.
Treatment of colds in children after the age of one year
The body of children after a year already has a stronger immunity and a fairly harmonious activity of internal organs. Children after the age of a year against the background of a cold are prescribed antibiotics in oral form or in the form of injections. Usually these are the following drugs:
- The purpose of "Aksetin" in the form of a powder for injection solutions, which is shown to children from birth.
- The drug "Klacid" is indicated from the age of three.
- The medicine "Amoxisar" is prescribed for children under the age of five in the form of suspensions.
- The appointment of Zedex is appropriate starting from six months.
- The use of Flemoxin Solutab in the form of a syrup is suitable for young children. As a rule, tablets are prescribed for older children.
After using antibiotics in the treatment of colds in children, hives may appear. In this case, the medicine is either canceled or antihistamines are prescribed in the form of Suprastin or Tavegil.
Antibiotics for childhood colds: the most effective drugs
Pediatricians prescribe antibiotic therapy individually for each child. Penicillin medications are effective for some babies, while macrolides are suitable for others. Specialists distinguish the following bactericidal agents, which are most effective in the treatment of childhood colds:
- Appointment of Zinnat. The active substance in this case is cefuroxime axetil. This medicine has a fruity taste, it is shown to children from birth.
- Appointment "Augmentin", the active substance of which is amoxicillin trihydrate. The medicine has a berry sweet taste, it is prescribed from two months.
- The use of Suprax. In this case, cefixime is the active substance. The medicine has a strawberry flavor, it has been prescribed since three years.
- The drug "Roxithromycin" is recommended for children from the age of twelve.
It must be emphasized that antibiotics that are taken in the treatment of colds in adults and children must be washed down with water. The use of sugary carbonated drinks, compotes or tea is not suitable. Do not drink antibiotics with milk.
Colds turning into tonsillitis: which antibiotics to take?
In the event that against the background of a cold a sore throat, antibiotics are not prescribed immediately. The therapist must first determine the nature of the disease. In the event of a complication and development of angina caused by staphylococcus, the following symptoms are observed in patients:
- High temperature up to 40 degrees. In this case, you need to use antipyretic drugs.
- It becomes painful for patients to swallow.
- Tonsils acquire a burgundy color with a white coating and the manifestation of ulcers.
- Lymph nodes increase. Immediately upon palpation, patients feel pain.
In this situation, antibiotics are prescribed for colds in adults (without prescriptions) in the form of Amoxiclav, Amosin and Hikontsila. For children, “Cefosin” is prescribed along with “Medoclav” or “Macropen”. When a staph infection develops, the therapist can prescribe a spray or aerosol, such as Tantum Verde, along with Strepsils, Angelix, Miramistin, or Oracept. But sprays are not prescribed as independent antibacterial agents. In this case, complex treatment is prescribed in combination with antibiotics. The treatment will be effective if, immediately before using the spray, gargle with a decoction of chamomile.
The list of antibiotics for colds in adults and children can be continued.
Antibiotics against colds with cough
Before prescribing antibiotics for coughing, doctors prescribe tests with patient examinations. In the event that the cough was caused by the spread of an infection of a bacterial nature, then resort to treatment with antibiotics for colds. Without recipes, you can purchase most of them.
They are indicated with the appearance of pleurisy, pneumonia, and, in addition, with the occurrence of acute tracheitis and bacterial bronchitis. In these situations, the following antibiotics are prescribed:
- Appointment "Zi-factor." This drug is prescribed for adults, and, in addition, for children from one year old. The main contraindication is the presence of renal failure.
- Appointment of "Azicide." The treatment course with this drug is three days.
- The use of "Ecoclave". This drug is produced in the form of tablets, and, in addition, a powder for suspension.
What antibiotics for colds to take is now clear. But how can they sometimes be replaced?
Colds and the use of natural antibiotics
It is well known that synthetic antibiotics can destroy not only dangerous bacteria, but also beneficial microflora in the intestines. , . , . , .
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