Who wrote the anthem of Russia? Which of several hymns is it about? After all, there were at least three of them. And when you consider that the modern Russian Federation is the successor of the USSR, you can add three more. And after 1917, before the formation of the USSR in 1922, there were two more. So who wrote the anthem of Russia, which and when?
The state abroad is usually recognized by three symbols: coat of arms, flag and anthem. These three attributes are necessary for any self-respecting
sovereign state . But
that was not always the case. This word appeared in the Greek language - "hymnos", and it meant a solemn song dedicated to the deity, this is a
piece of music of an official nature. In Europe, then the most famous was the British anthem "God Save the King." It has been used since the mid-18th century and was borrowed in the 19th century by more than 20 European countries. Among them was Russia. After 1812, the Russian poet A. Vostokov composed the march “Song of the Russian Tsar”. Later, philologist V.A. Zhukovsky changed this text, and A.S. Pushkin added two verses to it. Therefore, it is difficult to say who wrote the anthem of Russia: the East, Zhukovsky or Pushkin. In 1816, in Warsaw, at the military parade, the first anthem was performed and gained the status of a state. But he existed only until the 30s. And then the new Tsar Nicholas I once said out of boredom that he “was bored of listening to English music for so many years”, after which he called the composer A.F. Lvov devoted to him and ordered him to compose a masterpiece of anthem creation. A.F. Lvov concurrently commanded the tsar’s convoy, and in his spare time from the escort he accompanied the family members of Nicholas I and his friends in tsar’s home concerts. A contest was organized for proforma, many musicians took part in it. Among them was M.I. Glinka. After much hesitation and reflection, the music was written by A.F. Lvov. And the words again were composed by V.A. Zhukovsky. Since December 1833, the whole of Russia sang a new anthem.
In 1917, the anthem “God Save the Tsar” lost its relevance - Tsar Nicholas II renounced power. Again a new anthem was required. The search began. The “Working Marseillaise” (Russian words based on the original music of the anthem of the French Republic) seemed to be most suitable, written in 1875. By 1917, it was already considered the unofficial anthem of the revolution. However, when during the meeting of the leader of the RSDLP V.I. Lenin at the Finland Station in Petrograd, the orchestra played “Marseillaise”, Lenin suggested: “Let's sing“ The International ”. So in January 1918 it became the property of Soviet Russia, and then went into use by the USSR (until the end of 1943) and part-time III Comintern.
In 1943, it was decided to dissolve the Third Comintern, and the “International” (as the party anthem of the Third Comintern) to inherit the CPSU (b) (later - the CPSU). So the USSR was losing its anthem. In anticipation of these events, a secret competition was announced for a new anthem for the USSR. It was pointed out that the text must certainly include the names of Lenin and Stalin.
The war correspondent S.V. Mikhalkov and the poet G. El-Registan won the competition. So from the beginning of 1944 a new anthem of the USSR appeared. After the death of Stalin and until the mid-70s
years, only music was performed (by A.V. Aleksandrov) or only the first verse and chorus - the name of Stalin was present in the text. In 1977, with the adoption of the new Constitution, the text was rewritten. The author is again S.V. Mikhalkov.
In 1991, after the collapse of the Soviet Union, the Russian Federation was again left without a hymn. For some time there was only the music of M.I. Glinka "Patriotic Song".
Russia received its last anthem in 2000. And, in your opinion, who wrote the Russian anthem in this version. Of course, Honored Songwriter of Russia. And since 2000, the updated anthem of Russia, the author of which is S.V. Mikhalkov, and the composer A.V. Alexandrov, sounds with new force for the glory of a great country.