What is a kidney cyst ? Symptoms, causes? How to treat? You will find answers to these questions in this article.
To get started, the definition. A cyst is a pathological formation, which is a wall and contents.
We figured out the definition. Now, with regard to the types of neoplasms such as kidney cysts. Symptoms, or rather, their manifestation, will differ depending on what type of cyst:
• ellipsoidal;
• spherical.
In addition, the cyst can be single-chamber (simple) or complex, that is, divided into segments. For tumors of the second type, the formation of mineral deposits on the walls is characteristic. For the most part, such cysts are benign and appear in people in adulthood.
What is the average size of a kidney cyst? Symptoms and subsequent examinations will help to draw the right conclusions. However, most often, the size of the cysts varies between one and ten centimeters. In rare cases, larger "specimens" are also found.
Kidney cyst: symptoms and causes of formation, categories
A cyst is formed due to accelerated growth of epithelial cells in the tubules. Conventionally, it can be divided into the following categories:
• neoplasms that appear during the life of the patient;
• neoplasms appearing in case of hereditary predisposition;
• cysts that develop against a background of genetically determined diseases.
All cysts are divided into four categories.
The first category is benign neoplasms, which can easily be detected using ultrasound or tomography. Such cysts are quite common and practically do not manifest themselves.
The second category is also benign cysts with blood residues and a diameter of up to three centimeters. If a contrast agent is introduced into them, then it will not be retained.
The third category is cysts, which are prone to malignancy. They are difficult to see during an X-ray examination; calcium deposits are observed on their thickened membranes and membranes. Such cysts must be removed surgically.
The fourth category is cysts having an uneven surface filled with fluid. During an X-ray examination, this category of neoplasms collects a contrast fluid, which confirms the presence of malignant cells in them. They also need to be operated on.
Kidney cyst. Reasons for the appearance of sinus and solitary varieties
The sinus cyst is simple, it appears due to an increase in the lumen of the lymphatic vessels that pass through the sinus of the kidney, located near the pelvis, however, not adjacent to it. As a rule, such a pathology is observed in women after 45 years. The reasons for its appearance are still unknown.
Sinus cysts are most often detected by chance. They are not removed if their size is less than five centimeters.
The solitary cyst has a round or oval shape. It usually affects only one kidney. Often in the serous fluid of the cyst there is blood and even pus. Most often, the neoplasm is a consequence of injuries.
Kidney cyst: symptoms in children
Oddly enough, but a cyst can appear even in children. Statistics, however, claims that they suffer from a similar disease in only five percent of cases. Most often, a kidney cyst in children forms precisely in boys, while it is mainly in the left kidney. Pathology in babies can develop both during life and at the stage of fetal maturation.
In most cases, neoplasms in children do not manifest themselves in any way, with the exception of the cases when the entire kidney is one big cyst and ceases to cope with its functions.
Many kidney cysts are called multicystosis. When both kidneys are affected by multicystosis, the child may die without timely assistance. Treatment must be performed surgically, on an emergency basis.