Surely many people have heard about neurometabolic therapy. It is widely used in various medical sectors - in narcology, psychiatry, neurology, resuscitation, surgery, etc. They also resort to it in order to increase the general resistance of the body to the action of extreme factors, as well as to activate metabolism.
What is she like? What are its principles? What drugs are used? Well, this should be briefly described now.
Briefly on the approach
Neurometabolic therapy is one of the best practices used in the treatment of mental disorders. Indications for its implementation are impaired cognitive functions of the brain. If failures are identified in his work, then cognitive abilities are impaired and suppressed.
These are quite common manifestations. They have to be treated both in psychiatric and in psychotherapeutic practice. Even if the ailment is irreversible.
After detoxification, when alcohol or a drug has already been removed from the body, a person is in a very weak state. It is characterized by mental and somatic disorders. Therefore, it is difficult to immediately begin psychotherapy.
Before this, it is necessary to mentally prepare the patient, eliminate cognitive impairment. This is the goal of neurometabolic therapy. It is carried out in order to restore the normal activity of higher nervous activity.
Essence of treatment
Neurometabolic therapy, which is usually supplemented with the main treatment, has a beneficial effect on a variety of mediator systems - on dopaminergic, acetylcholinergic, serotonergic and GABAergic.
What drugs are used? Active neurometabolites, the use of which helps to improve cognitive abilities, mental activity and memory. The result can be achieved even if the patient suffers from one of the following syndromes:
- Asthenic.
- Astheno-depressive.
- Constant alarm.
- Vegetative dysfunction.
Neurometabolic therapy stimulates neuromuscular and central cholinergic signaling. It is possible to achieve the following goals:
- Restoring normal ion transport.
- Stabilization of the membrane potential of a neuron.
- Stimulation of transmission of nerve impulses.
- Improving attention and memory.
- Stimulation of physical activity.
- Recovery of lost learning abilities.
Neuroprotectors
Having understood the concept, we can proceed to the study of drugs used in therapy. Neuroprotectors are medicines that protect the cells of the nervous system from exposure to negative factors. Here are the actions they have:
- Help in the rapid adaptation of brain structures to pathological changes.
- Preservation of the functions and integrity of neurons.
- Improving the metabolism in the brain.
- Normalization of the energy supply of nerve cells.
In general, drugs used as part of neurometabolic therapy help to correct the mediator, membrane-stabilizing and metabolic balance.
Nootropics
These funds belong to the group of neuroprotectors. They eliminate neuropsychiatric disorders and improve metabolism in the nervous tissue. It is believed that their consumption helps rejuvenate the body, restore the former speed of memorization, and also activate the learning process.
Known drugs of this group include:
- Piracetam. It stimulates the synthesis of RNA and lipids in cells, increases the concentration of ATP in the brain. The tool significantly increases mental performance.
- "Cerebrolysin." It is an aminopeptide-rich, partially degraded whey protein. It has a natural origin, and therefore there are no contraindications, as well as side effects.
- Semax. Neuropeptide agent of synthetic origin. This drug forms resistance to hypoxia, ischemia and stressors. It also has angioprotective and antioxidant effects.
- "Ceraxon." The drug helps to restore damaged membranes of nerve cells, mitigates the manifestations of neurological symptoms, and even helps to exit post-traumatic coma.
- "Picamilon." Under the influence of this drug, cerebral circulation improves and metabolism is activated. There are no negative consequences like lethargy, drowsiness and depression of the central nervous system. This drug is an excellent antiplatelet agent, tranquilizer, antioxidant and antihypoxant.
Antioxidants
It is also necessary to talk about them, since we are talking about the specifics of neurometabolic therapy courses. What are these antioxidant drugs? So called means that neutralize the negative effects of free radicals. Their use helps to improve the utilization of oxygen, prevent its deficiency, renew and improve the cells.
Popular neuroprotective agents of this group are:
- Mexidol. Increases stress resistance, enhances resistance to negative environmental factors.
- "Emoxipin." It prevents thromboaggregation, enhances the activity of antioxidant enzymes, prevents prostaglandins from forming.
- "Glycine". It is a well-known neurotransmitter that regulates metabolic processes in the central nervous system. It removes psycho-emotional stress, reduces the severity of asthenia, weakens alcohol dependence and improves brain function.
- Complmin. It has a positive effect on blood supply, activates carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, and has a hepatoprotective effect.
- "Glutamic acid." Improves metabolism, strengthens brain cells, protects the entire body from exposure to toxic substances. The neurometabolic therapy indicated for schizophrenia implies the use of this particular drug. It helps to cope with insomnia, psychosis, and also normalizes the transmission of nerve impulses.
Vascular medicine
This is also a very large group of drugs used in the process of neurometabolic therapy. The list includes antiplatelet agents, anticoagulants, calcium channel blockers, as well as vasodilators. The following remedies are popular:
- Anticoagulants: Fenilin, Warfarin, Sinkumarin and Heparin.
- Antiplatelet agents: "Acetylsalicylic acid." If it is ineffective, then prescribe "Tiklid" and "Plaviks" - analogues of "Aspirin".
- Calcium channel blockers: Cinnarizine. The best drug that has many actions - strengthens muscle fibers, enhances blood flow, reduces irritability, relieves spasms, removes cerebroasthenic symptoms, etc. It is allowed to take it even with amnesia, dementia, stroke, encephalopathy, etc.
Combined funds
They also need to be discussed, since we are talking about medications, the use of which involves neurometabolic therapy. In Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia and other disorders, taking combined drugs can not be done.
They have a vasoactive and metabolic effect - and this is what is needed to achieve the best effect. At the same time, the doses of medications taken are very small.
Such drugs from the combined group are popular:
- Thiocetam. It has immunomodulatory, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective and antihypoxic effects.
- Fezam. This drug dilates blood vessels and also improves the body’s absorption of oxygen. Also, the drug accelerates the utilization of glucose, protein metabolism, and also stimulates blood supply and interneuronal transmission to the central nervous system. It is prescribed even for impaired thinking, mood and memory.
Adaptogens
Preparations of this group include herbal remedies. The most famous representatives are tinctures of Chinese magnolia vine, ginseng and eleutherococcus. They effectively fight with hypofunction of the gonads, anorexia and stress.
Adaptogens also help to facilitate acclimatization, accelerate recovery after any acute diseases, and they are also indispensable in the prevention of colds. Individual drugs have the following effects:
- Eleutherococcus extract. Tones and strengthens the body, stimulates the adaptive capabilities of the body. Accelerates metabolism, eliminates drowsiness, improves appetite.
- Ginseng tincture. It improves metabolism, stimulates the nervous and vascular systems. It differs in biostimulating, antiemetic and metabolic actions.
- Tincture of Chinese Schisandra. Quickly restores the body after depression, has a stimulating and refreshing effect.
results
There is a misconception that neurometabolic therapy is very dangerous. In fact, if you correctly combine it with individually selected psychotherapy, you can achieve a significant improvement in 4 weeks.
According to statistics, in 9 patients out of 10, one month after the start of a comprehensive treatment program, the following results were observed:
- Headaches, insomnia, a sense of fear, dizziness and anxiety - all these manifestations were either minimized or completely eliminated.
- The ability to concentrate attention increased at times, as did the assimilation of information, as well as memorization.
- The manifestation of other disorders and disorders related to higher nervous activity decreased or completely disappeared.
Conclusion
Based on the foregoing, we can conclude that the assertion that neurometabolic therapy is unpromising or inappropriate is incorrect. This approach is effective in the treatment of vascular, endogenous diseases, as well as lesions of the central and peripheral nervous system. It also helps eliminate cannabinoid and alcoholic polyneuropathies. Even in the treatment of drug addiction and alcoholism, this method has demonstrated its effectiveness.