Most often, human papillomovirus is spread through direct contact. It is transmitted during sexual intercourse in the anus and genitals, mouth or throat. Genital warts in the mouth or throat are extremely rare. Using condoms can significantly reduce the risk of contracting this virus. After infection with a papillomovirus infection, the disease often spreads to the genitals and anus.
Often, genital warts are transmitted from partners when the sick person does not even have visible signs of the disease. The first symptoms may appear even when this infection has been “successfully” transmitted to another sexual partner.
Experts say that the probability of transmitting this virus from a sick pregnant woman to a newborn is very small, although it does exist. It has not yet been established at what point (during pregnancy or during childbirth) a papillomovirus infection is transmitted from mother to child. It is not recommended for women with genital warts to give birth using cesarean section. Only in the presence of genital warts in the vagina, the doctor recommends a cesarean section.
Infection with the papillomavirus is usually not accompanied by the manifestation of symptoms, and not in all cases visible genital warts appear. Visible symptoms of the disease appear, as a rule, two to three months after infection. In exceptional cases, they occur already at 4 weeks of illness. In other situations, symptoms of infection may not appear for many years. By and large, everything happens purely individually, namely, depending on the state of immunity of a particular person.
The symptoms of this infection include: irritation, bleeding and itching. Genital warts have a variety of sizes and shapes. They are very large or, conversely, microscopic. Some appear in groups, others individually. Condylomas in appearance often resemble the head of cauliflower. Sometimes they are white and flat, so they are almost invisible. In men and women, condylomas appear in the groin, around the genitals, in the rectum, near the urethra, at the anus.
Genital warts appear in women on the genitals and in the vagina. Often they are detected by a gynecologist during examination.
In men, condylomas appear on the scrotum and genitals. Sometimes only a doctor can detect genital warts. Often the symptoms of this disease are very reminiscent of the symptoms of completely different diseases. To establish a diagnosis, it is necessary to undergo a thorough examination by a specialist.
Treatment of genital warts is carried out by several methods: surgical, in which they are removed mechanically; therapeutic, in which medications are taken that destroy these formations; biological, based on the limitation of the activity of the virus.
Removal of genital warts with a laser is considered the most advanced method today to get rid of the manifestations of this unpleasant disease. After this procedure, there is practically no trace of condyloma.
No less popular and not too expensive is cryotherapy - removal of genital warts with liquid nitrogen. During this procedure, they are frozen with a special applicator for a few seconds. After some time, they themselves disappear. After 10 days, the trace of condyloma disappears. This procedure is effective, painless, safe and generally available. After it, no traces remain, unlike other surgical methods. Before treatment, it is necessary to consult with specialists.