Today we suggest you talk about the treatment of pharyngomycosis. This is one of the varieties of fungal disease. And as you know, fungi are very common in our time. What is their danger? It lies in the fact that you can become infected very simply, but the treatment is delayed for a rather long period. In addition, many ignore the symptoms of the disease, which are not so pronounced with a fungal infection, which leads to the transition of the disease into a chronic form.
We suggest discussing this issue in more detail.
What is pharyngomycosis?
According to ICD-10, pharyngomycosis (symptoms, diet, treatment - all this will be further discussed in the article) has the code:
- B37.0 is the code for candidal stomatitis;
- J02.8 - this is how they encode acute pharyngitis, which is caused by other pathogens.
Pharyngomycosis is understood as fungal pharyngitis, which manifests itself in the human oral cavity. The disease can be caused by several types of fungi. As a rule, infection occurs at a time when the body is weakened.
A disease can take two forms:
Fungal pharyngitis can often be found in young children and newborns. Surely many parents struggled with thrush in a newborn baby. It is also caused by a fungal infection.
Symptoms of the disease are not so many, but the most striking is the presence of plaque, which can spread to the throat, tonsils and palate. The danger is that damage to neighboring organs and tissues (tongue, gums and mucous membrane) is possible.
Classification
Before we get into the problem of treating pharyngomycosis, we suggest considering the types of disease.
As mentioned earlier, pathogens are fungi that can enter our body from the environment. But the cause may be the fungi of their own microflora. If the immunity is greatly weakened, then the body cannot control the reproduction of fungi, which leads to many diseases of the internal organs.
It is important to note that fungal infections have a severe course, and getting rid of them is very difficult. Pharyngomycosis is very often combined with other problems:
- fungal stomatitis;
- stomatitis;
- cheilitis;
- gingivitis;
- tonsillitis;
- glossitis.
According to ICD-10, pharyngomycosis is usually distinguished as a separate unit. There are several types:
- pseudomembranous pharyngomycosis;
- catarrhal pharyngomycosis;
- hyperplastic pharyngomycosis;
- erosive and ulcerative pharyngomycosis.
With fungal pharyngitis, you can often notice other problems:
- seizures in the corners of the mouth;
- tongue inflammation;
- red border.
These "bites" are visually similar to the common cold, but the way to eliminate them is far from the same.
High chances of contracting this disease in those people who suffer from:
- diabetes mellitus;
- tuberculosis
- vitamin deficiency;
- lack of nutrition;
- cancer
- AIDS
- bronchial asthma.
Epidemiology
Over the past 10 years, there have been many more cases of infection. Among all diseases of the pharynx, fungal pharyngitis occupies 30-40%. The cause of this epidemic is an increase in the number of factors provoking the disease. The most important of them:
- antibacterial therapy;
- taking immunosuppressive drugs;
- glucocorticoid drugs.
Long-term use of these drugs leads to a strong decrease in immunity, and with an immunodeficiency state, the body cannot independently fight the growth of fungi. It is also very important to note that fungal pharyngitis, like tonsillitis, is very difficult to treat and leads the patient to a serious condition.
The largest number of infected are children. Very often it is possible to meet pharyngitomycosis in newborns in the form of thrush, manifested in the oral cavity. The cause of the disease is not fully formed immunity of the child. At risk are those children who, in infancy, have suffered this disease, since the pathogen could remain in the body of the child.
Causes of the disease
Pharyngomycosis, the signs (symptoms) and treatment of which are considered by us in this article, is most often caused by fungi of the genus Candida. In approximately 5% of cases, the cause of infection is mold fungi. But in any case, the impetus for the development of the disease is a drop in immunity. Here are a few reasons why it could fall badly:
- diabetes;
- thyroid disease;
- excess weight;
- HIV infection;
- tuberculosis;
- frequent colds;
- long-term use of antibacterial drugs;
- hormonal drugs;
- chemotherapy for oncology.
Candidomycosis
Pharyngomycosis, the causes, signs, symptoms and treatment of which we are considering, is caused in 93% of cases by fungi of the genus Candida. It is important to note that these yeast-like fungi are not limited to a single oral cavity, but extend to the patient's pharynx, skin, and genitals. What is their danger? The thing is that the waste products of these microorganisms, getting on the mucous membrane, can cause inflammation. This leads to the destruction of the walls of blood vessels and poisoning by toxins.
Causes:
- improper installation of the denture;
- chemical burn;
- harmful production.
Symptoms
- fever;
- headache;
- swollen lymph nodes in the neck;
- burning and sore throat;
- general weakness.
Symptoms
We turn to the symptoms and treatment of pharyngomycosis. Symptoms include:
- discomfort in the oral cavity;
- a feeling of the presence of a foreign body;
- tickle;
- dryness;
- pain, which may intensify at the time of eating;
- headache;
- weakness;
- fever;
- enlarged and painful lymph nodes;
- swelling of the mucosa;
- plaque on the mucous membrane (white, easy to peel - defeat by yeast fungi, yellow, hard to clean - mold damage).
Illness in children
As mentioned earlier, children are more susceptible to infection, due to the fact that immunity is not yet fully formed. Now, briefly about the symptoms, what children complain about with a disease of fungal pharyngitis:
- tickle;
- lump in throat;
- pain when swallowing or talking;
- weakness;
- poor appetite;
- swelling of the mucosa;
- the presence of a coating of curdled consistency;
- headache;
- fever.
Now briefly about the features of the treatment of pharyngomycosis in children. If you find these symptoms in a child, then he urgently needs a specialist consultation. Treatment should take place strictly under the supervision of a doctor, drugs for therapy are used in accordance with the age of the patient.
Mold mushrooms
The treatment of pharyngomycosis in children and adults is similar, the only difference is that the child selects drugs that are suitable for admission at his age. Now a few words about molds, which can also become a source of disease. As already mentioned, mold infection occurs only in 5% of cases. These include:
- Aspergillus
- Penicillium.
- Mucor.
- Geotrichum.
If yeast already lives in our body, then the introduction of mold refers to external infection. In this section, it is also worth mentioning that there have been cases when infection occurred at once by two types of mold fungi. They can be distinguished from yeast by a yellow coating, which is quite difficult to clean.
Treatment
Treatment of this disease must necessarily be comprehensive. When a doctor prescribes a treatment regimen, he takes into account many factors:
- the duration of the disease;
- how often relapses occur;
- experience of treatment in this patient.
The treatment complex includes:
- antifungal agents;
- restoration of intestinal microflora;
- restoration of the body's ability to respond to infection.
And you should definitely not forget about traditional medicine and a diet for pharyngomycosis. Dietary basics:
- food should be enriched with vitamins and minerals;
- milk;
- vegetables;
- fruits;
- greens;
- soups;
- low-fat broths;
- cereals;
- meat;
- fish;
- dried fruits;
- weak tea;
- compotes;
- exclude food that irritates the mucous membrane (sweet, spicy, salty, bitter and sour).
Preparations
We turn to the medical treatment of pharyngomycosis. The basis of therapy is the general and local use of antifungal agents. All drugs can be divided into the following classes:
- Polyenes.
- Azoles.
- Allylamines.
When prescribing a course of treatment, the severity of the disease must be taken into account, it can last from one to two weeks. But the treatment does not end there, followed by fixing therapy.
Local therapy
We proceed to the local treatment of pharyngomycosis. Polyene antimycotics are effective here:
- "Nystatin."
- "Amphotericin B".
- Levorin.
- "Natamycin" and others.
These funds can be presented in different forms:
- aerosol;
- chewable tablets;
- aqueous suspension.
With local therapy, it is necessary to ensure direct contact of the infected area and the drug.
Systemic therapy
Often, doctors prescribe the drug "Fluconazole". It is used once a day for 100 milligrams for 2 weeks. In the chronic form, the dosage is increased to 200 milligrams, and the duration of treatment is up to 4 weeks. A lifelong intake is also possible (100 milligrams 3 times a week), but this is only if the disease is very severe.
Also for these purposes, you can use:
- "Itraconazole".
- "Posaconazole".
- "Amphotericin B".
- "Voriconazole".
- Caspofungin.
ethnoscience
In addition to all of the above, they also use folk remedies for the treatment of pharyngomycosis. The most effective is rinsing the throat and mouth with:
- soda and salt;
- cranberry juice;
- honey
- boric acid;
- tea tree oil;
- tincture of echinacea;
- propolis tincture;
- a decoction of medicinal herbs (chamomile, hypericum, golden mustache).
Prevention and prognosis
With adequate treatment, the prognosis for this disease is favorable. However, if pharyngomycosis is caused by such a variety of molds as actinomycetes, then the spread of the disease to the internal organs is possible. The main thing is not to self-medicate, but to seek the advice of a specialist.
Now we turn to measures for the prevention of the disease. To begin with, we pay attention to the factors that provoke this disease, and try to eliminate them. Eliminate those conditions that could contribute to the occurrence of pharyngomycosis.
The following tips will also help avoid the problem:
- stop taking antibiotics;
- glucocorticoids also contribute to a decrease in immunity;
- correct the glycemic profile;
- pay attention to drugs that enrich the body with vitamins and contribute to its overall strengthening;
- observe the daily routine;
- watch your diet.
The basis for the prevention of pharyngomycosis is measures to strengthen immunity, since it is he who corrects the rate of development of yeast fungi and fights against molds when they enter the human body. Therefore, eat right, take complexes of vitamins, lead a healthy lifestyle, spend more time in the fresh air, observe sleep patterns and move more.
These simple rules will help you avoid not only pharyngomycosis, but also many other health problems, as strong immunity will cope with many other problems.