The most common diseases of the population of our country are respiratory diseases. Experts say that most often Russians suffer from pneumonia, tracheitis, acute laryngitis and bronchitis. Such sad statistics is due to the fact that, compared with other human organs, the airways are extremely vulnerable to dangerous substances and bacteria that live in the air.
To significantly reduce the incidence rate, it is necessary to pay attention to the environment, as well as regularly talk about the dangers of smoking. In the event that the pathological condition still catches up with the patient, experts recommend not to carry it “on its feet”, but immediately consult an experienced doctor. After all, only a doctor is able to make an accurate diagnosis and prescribe timely treatment that will not allow all kinds of complications to develop.
Doctors often prescribe Ambrobene, what is this remedy used for? The medication mentioned is an effective mucolytic and expectorant medicine. It is often prescribed for diseases of the human bronchopulmonary system. How this drug works, what is included in its composition, and how to use it correctly, will be described later.
Forms of release and composition of the drug
From what "Ambrobene" can be assigned to the patient? Such a medicine works well with bronchitis and pneumonia. However, it should be noted that he has several forms of release. Only an experienced doctor should choose this or that for respiratory diseases:
- Tablets. They include ambroxol, corn starch, lactose in the form of a monohydrate, magnesium stearate, anhydrous colloidal silicon dioxide.
- Sustained-release capsules contain ambroxol, MCC, triethyl citrate, a copolymer of ethyl acrylate and methacrylic acid, hypromellose, anhydrous colloidal silicon dioxide. The composition of the shell includes: titanium dioxide, gelatin, dyes.
- Ambrobene solution (inside and for inhalation measures). It includes ambroxol, hydrochloric acid, potassium sorbate and water.
- Syrup for oral administration contains ambroxol, saccharin, liquid 70% sorbitol, propylene glycol, water, raspberry flavor.
- Injection solution "Ambrobene". The use of such a drug is carried out by intravenous administration. It consists of ambroxol, citric acid monohydrate, NaCl, water and sodium hydrogen phosphate heptahydrate.
Description of the drug
The use of Ambrobene by children is prohibited for up to three years, when it comes to the tablet form of the drug. Such a drug is white and at risk on one side. Biconvex and round tablets are placed in blisters that are packed in cardboard boxes.
The intake of Ambrobene in capsules is permitted only for adults. Their gelatinous body has a colorless and transparent retard, as well as a brown lid. The contents of the drug are white or slightly yellowish granules.
According to the instructions for use of Ambrobene, for children, the drug in the form of a syrup is most suitable. Such a preparation is a colorless or slightly yellowish transparent liquid with a pleasant raspberry aroma. In pharmacy chains, it can be purchased in a 100 ml glass jar. Each container is sealed with a jet cap, closed with a screw-on plastic cap. Also, a measuring cup is enclosed in each pack.
"Ambrobene" - a solution for oral administration and inhalation procedures, is a colorless (sometimes light yellow with a brownish tint) transparent liquid without a pronounced odor. Such a preparation goes on sale in glass jars with a volume of 100 or 40 ml. Each container is sealed with a dropper stopper and closed with a screw-on plastic cap. Also in each pack there is a measuring cup.
Instructions for use of the Ambrobene injection solution indicate that such a preparation is a clear and colorless liquid for intravenous administration. It goes on sale in 2 ml of dark glass ampoules that are mounted on a plastic pallet and placed in a cardboard box.
The principle of action of the drug
The use of Ambrobene by adults or children is indicated if the patient needs a mucolytic or expectorant effect.
The active substance of the drug in question is Ambroxol. The latter is a metabolite (active) of bromhexine, whose action is aimed at stimulating intrauterine or prenatal lung development. Thus, against the background of taking the drug in question, the secretion and synthesis of pulmonary surfactant can increase, and subsequently its breakdown is blocked.
What makes Ambrobene most effective? Such a medicine exhibits secretolytic, secretomotor and expectorant properties. It is able to activate the serous cells of the glands located in the bronchial mucosa. Also, taking the drug increases the volume of the mucous secretion, stimulatingly acts on the surfactant in the bronchi and alveoli, causing its secretion.
It cannot be said that intravenous administration or oral administration of Ambrobene restores the disturbed balance of the serous and mucous components of sputum. The main substance of the drug activates hydrolyzing enzymes, promotes the release of lysosomes from Clara cells that are in the bronchioles and lungs, and also improve the functioning of the cilia of the epithelium (ciliary). Thanks to this effect, not only sputum thinning occurs, but mucociliary transportation of pathological secretion is also significantly improved.
It's important to know!
In the course of preclinical trials, specialists found that the active component of the mucolytic in question is capable of producing an antioxidant effect.
When taking the drug in parallel with the antibiotics Erythromycin, Doxycycline, Cefuroxime and Amoxicillin, the concentration of the latter in sputum and secretion secreted by the bronchi increases.
Pharmacokinetic features
When taking Ambrobene inside, its active substance is almost completely absorbed from the digestive tract. The highest concentration of ambroxol in the blood is achieved after 1 hour. With plasma proteins, the mentioned component binds approximately 80-90%.
Once in the body, ambroxol forms metabolites such as dibromoanthranilic acid and glucuronides. They are excreted through the kidneys.
According to the information provided in the instructions, the active component of the Ambrobene preparation is able to penetrate the placental barrier, as well as into the cerebrospinal fluid. In addition, ambroxol is excreted together with breast milk. These facts should be taken into account when using the drug as directed.
The half-life of the drug from plasma is 7-11 hours. The medication is mainly excreted by the kidneys (mainly in the form of metabolic products, and only 10% in its pure form).
After taking the drug inside or administering it through inhalation procedures, the therapeutic effect occurs after half an hour, lasts for 6-12 hours (depending on dosage).
With parenteral administration of the drug, the result comes quickly and lasts about 6-10 hours.
The drug "Ambrobene" from what is prescribed?
Injection solution "Ambrobene" is prescribed for patients with respiratory diseases accompanied by the release of viscous sputum, as well as with difficult discharge of pathological secretions in those cases where it is necessary to obtain a quick therapeutic effect or it is impossible to take the medicine inside.
Thus, the use of the drug in question is indicated for:
- pneumonia;
- acute and chronic bronchitis;
- bronchial asthma;
- bronchiectatic disease.
Also, Ambrobene is often used to stimulate the synthesis of surfactant in newborns and premature babies (as part of complex treatment) for respiratory distress syndrome.
As for capsules, tablets, syrup, solution for inhalation and oral administration, such forms of a mucolytic drug are prescribed for diseases of the respiratory tract with the release of a viscous secretion or difficulty in sputum discharge when:
- pneumonia;
- acute and chronic bronchitis;
- bronchiectatic disease;
- asthma of bronchial.
In what cases do not prescribe?
The use of Ambrobene is contraindicated in the following cases:
- with epileptic syndrome;
- with peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum;
- with increased sensitivity of the patient to ambroxol or other components of the drug.
With caution, the drug in question should be used for impaired renal function and severe liver pathologies. Usually, with such deviations, the dose of the drug is reduced, the interval between doses of the drug is increased. Treatment in such cases is carried out exclusively under the supervision of a doctor.
Also under the supervision of a specialist and with extreme caution, Ambrobene is used for impaired bronchial motility and a large amount of secreted secretions to avoid sputum stagnation.
Instructions for use "Ambrobene" for inhalation and oral administration
The solution taken orally is used only after meals, washed down with liquid and using a measuring cup. It should be remembered that 1 ml of the drug contains 7.5 mg of ambroxol.
Babies up to 2 years of age are prescribed 1 ml of a solution of 2 r / d.
Children two to six years old are given 1 ml of the drug 3 r / d.
Children 6-12 years old are prescribed 2 ml of the drug 2 or 3 r / d.
Adolescents and adults in the first 3 days are recommended to take 4 ml of a solution of 3 r / d, and in the subsequent 4 ml of 2 r / d.
When using Ambrobene in the form of inhalation, it is necessary to have any modern equipment (steam are excluded). Before the procedure, the medication is mixed with a 0.9% NaCl solution (1: 1) and heated to body temperature. Inhalation measures are carried out in the usual breathing mode, so as not to provoke a cough.
To avoid nonspecific irritation of the respiratory tract and its spasm, people with bronchial asthma must use bronchodilators before inhalation.
Dosage:
- babies up to 24 months - 1 ml of the drug 1-2 r / d;
- two to six years - 2 ml of the drug 1-2 r / d;
- older than six years of age, as well as adults - 2 or 3 ml of a solution of 1-2 r / d.
The use of injection, tablets, capsules, syrup
Ambrobene injection solution is administered intravenously, pre-mixed with a 0.9% ClNa solution. For children, such a drug is prescribed in a daily dosage at the rate of 1.3-1.5 mg / kg.
Adults recommend one ampoule of 2 or 3 r / d.
Ambrobene tablets for children 6-12 years old are prescribed in ½ pieces 2 or 3 r / d. Patients from 12 years old in the first three days, the medicine must be taken 1 tablet 3 r / d. In the absence of the desired effect, it is permissible to double the single dose. From the fourth day of therapy, one tablet should be taken twice a day.
Syrup "Ambrobene" is dosed depending on age. Up to two years, the drug should be drunk 2.5 ml twice a day. Up to six years - 3 r / d in 2.5 ml. 6-12 years - twice or 3 r / d in 5 ml. Older than twelve years - 10 ml 3 r / d in the first three days and then 20 ml of syrup in 2 divided doses.
The daily dose of Ambrobene capsules is 1 capsule (or 75 mg).
Negative reactions
Reception "Ambrobene" can cause such negative reactions as:
- headache, vomiting, allergies, exanthema;
- increased weakness, dysuria, fever, rhinorrhea;
- nausea, anaphylactic reactions, hypersensitivity reactions;
- abdominal pain, taste disturbance, constipation or diarrhea;
- venous edema, dry mucous membranes, weakness, vomiting, nausea.
Drug Reviews
Patient reviews of syrup, capsules, Ambrobene tablets, as well as a solution for intravenous administration and inhalation are mostly positive. People using this medicine confirm its effectiveness in diseases of the respiratory tract, accompanied by difficult secretion.
The main advantages of the medication in question include ease of use (due to the presence of different forms of release), speed, the ability to use in relation to young children, a pleasant taste.
It should also be noted that negative reviews about Ambrobene are sometimes found on medical forums. In them, patients report side effects that occurred while taking this medication. In addition, some users claim that the use of the mentioned mucolytic medication did not give them as noticeable results as expected.
Drug cost
The price of Ambrobene is affordable for all segments of the population of our country. The drug in the form of tablets can be purchased for 165 rubles, syrup for children - about 110 rubles, capsules with prolonged action - about 200 rubles, solution for inhalation - 130 rubles (per 40 ml bottle) and about 185 rubles per 100 ml capacity.